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    Follow-up criteria and cystoscopic classifications of bladder lesions: A retrospective analysis
    (2020) Gurbuz, Recai; Salvarci, Ahmet
    Aim: To screen cystoscopically bladder cancer mimicking lesions and to present its clinical importance.Material and Methods: After receiving anamnesis of patients, hematological, biochemical, microbiological, cytological, pathologic and radiological assessments were performed. Randomized cold cup bladder biopsy, transurethral resection or open surgical excision were performed. The lesions were classified according to their cystoscopy appearance. Practical approach criterias were compiled based on their treatments and follow-up, throughout 9 years. Results: A total of 297 patients were reached .The mean age of all were 62±6 years. Almost all bladder lesions (95 %) were pre-diagnosed as bladder cancer according to the radiologic screening results like bladder wall thickening and irregularities. The precancerous /cancerous lesions were detected incidentally at a rate of 3.36 %. PAP (Papanicolaou) III urine cytology was observed at a rate of 3.4 %. Carcinoma in situ developed in the follow-ups and one converted to Grade I transitional cell cancer. Total cystectomy was required in a patient who was diagnosed with urinary tuberculosis.Conclusions: There may be precancerous or cancerous lesions in the background of these lesions which do not respond to treatment or constantly recur. There may be changes in favor of malignancies in lesions. The study created a different perspective on these lesions with cystoscopy classification.
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    What should be the minimum frequency of micro testicular sperm extraction (m-TESE) in patients with Klinefelter syndrome?
    (2019) Salvarci, Ahmet; Balasar, Mehmet
    Aim: To investigate whether a second or even a third surgery is required for sperm retrieval in non-mosaic Klinefelter syndrome patients who underwent a successful/failed micro-testicular sperm extraction (m-TESE).Material and Methods: The patients underwent physical examination, genetic analyses, pathological screening between 2008 and 2018. In the patients, sperm retrieval rates, pregnancy after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and baby take-home rates were examined.Results: M-TESE was repeated for the second time in thirty-five patients in total, with twenty of that underwent their first m-TESE with a negative result and fifteen with a positive result. In =6/20 patients (30%) who had a negative result with the first m-TESE and in n=9/15 patients (60%) who had a positive result with the first m-TESE, sperm was detected the second time. Pregnancy was achieved in n=2/6 patients (33%) who were negative the first time and positive the second time. Baby take-home was achieved in one patient (16.6%). Conclusion: In addition to patients from whom sperm could be retrieved previously, sperm could be detected especially in the second and even third redo m-TESE in patients from whom sperm could not be retrieved. Pregnancy occurred and baby take-home was achieved. Despite the presence of a very limited testicular tissue, it is recommended for this procedure to be performed by expert practitioners upon discussing very openly the complications and achievements, to decide accordingly and repeat m-TESE in these patients where possible.

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İnönü Üniversitesi, Battalgazi, Malatya, TÜRKİYE
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