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    Effects of VCN coating of PEEK gears with the PVD method on wear performance
    (Springer, 2024) Cureoglu, Arif; Uzun, Mahir; Sap, Emine
    In this study, the effects of coating gear wheels made of PEEK material, which is frequently used in the industry, with the PVD method on the tribological performance were investigated. Spur gears with 6 modules, 15 teeth, and 20 mm surface width consisting of PEEK samples were used as the base material. Gears modeled in Solidworks were manufactured on a CNC milling machine. The coating process was performed with VCN target material in three different thicknesses. After the coating process, hardness and wear tests were applied to the samples. An increase in the hardness values of the samples coated in different thicknesses was observed compared to the pure PEEK material. As the coating thickness increased, the amount of wear on the gear wheels increased and it was determined that the most resistant sample against wear was the gear wheel with a coating thickness of 367 nm. In experiments conducted in different liquids, it was observed that the most wear occurred in NaCl solution.
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    Investigations on tool wear, surface roughness, cutting temperature, and chip formation in machining of Cu-B-CrC composites
    (Springer London Ltd, 2021) Usca, Usame Ali; Uzun, Mahir; Kuntoglu, Mustafa; Sap, Emine; Gupta, Munish Kumar
    Composites have excellent material properties such as lightness, rigidity, and strength with reinforcement of specialized materials to serve an extended field in engineering. Meanwhile, some restrictions due to the production process lead to poor machinability characteristics and show reduced surface quality, excessive cutting temperature, and tool wear. The principal aim in this study is to research the machinability characteristics of Cu matrix reinforced by B and ceramic CrC powders during dry turning operation. In addition to reinforcement ratio, cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut were taken into consideration according to Taguchi L-8 orthogonal array in the experimental plan. Seemingly, reinforcement ratio is the governing factor over turning parameters on flank wear, surface roughness, and cutting temperatures. For the secondary effect, cutting speed and feed rate have contributing impact on cutting temperatures and surface roughness, respectively. Lastly, reinforcement ratio has significant impact on chip formation since deformation mechanism in the material is changed with cutting initiation. Accordingly, new additives reveal unique structure which is intriguing and need to be discovered for measuring the machinability behavior of metal matrix composites.
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    Machining and optimization of reinforced copper composites using different cooling-lubrication conditions
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2022) Sap, Emine; Usca, Usame Ali; Uzun, Mahir
    During the processing of metal matrix composite materials, some negative situations may occur due to the interaction between the tool and the workpiece. Wear and damage may occur on the side surfaces of the cutting tool used. In order to eliminate these adverse conditions, generally cooling liquids are used. In this study, the machinability properties of cryogenic LN2 and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) techniques on Co-Ti added copper composites were investigated using CNC milling. Taguchi L-16 orthogonal array was chosen as the experimental design. The machining parameters testing, 2 distinct cutting speeds (200-300 m/min), 2 distinct feed rates (0.2-0.3 mm/rev), and a single cutting depth (0.25 mm) were used. Copper composites produced at different rates (0-5-10-15 wt. %); surface roughness, tool wear, cutting temperature and chip morphologies were investigated. Taguchi and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to assess the impacts of cutting parameters on surface roughness, flank wear, and cutting temperature. Cryo-LN2 was found to be the best cutting environment for surface roughness, flank wear and cutting temperature. Chips obtained with cryo-LN2 were found to be more efficient. [GRAPHICS] .
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    A Study of the Microstructure and Properties of Copper Composites Reinforced with Co - Ti
    (Springer, 2022) Sap, Emine; Uzun, Mahir
    The microstructure and the hardness of composites with copper matrix and reinforcing additions of 5, 10 and 15 wt.% Co - Ti obtained by mixing particles of the reinforcing powder with high-purity copper powder, pressing, and sintering at 1000 degrees C are studied. The density of the composite materials is determined. The conditions for fabrication of the densest composite with a high hardness are found.