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Öğe Examination of the effect of melatonin use before hysterosalpingography on ovarian follicle reserve in rats(7847050 Canada Inc, 2018) Yilmaz, E. S.; Sapmaz, T.; Kazgan, H.; Yildiz, S. Menziletoglu; Kocamaz, D.; Akpolat, N.; Sapmaz, E.Objective: To examine the effects of lipiodol, melatonin, and radiation used during hysterosalpingography (HSG) on rat ovarian follicle reserve. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 Wistar rats with regular estrous cycles were randomly divided into five groups. Group 1 was the control group. The other groups, X-ray was applied (G2), 0.1 ml lipiodol was applied to each uterine horn (G3), 20 mg/kg intraperitoneal melatonin application was followed by 0.1 ml lipiodol administration to each uterine horn after 15 minutes (G4), 20 mg/kg melatonin was administered to ligamentum suspensorium ovarii, followed by 0.1 ml lipiodol application to each uterine horn after 15 minutes (G5), respectively. The rats in G2, G3, G4, and G5 were exposed three times to whole body radiation. Then, all rats were re-opened and left oophorectomy was performed. Left ovarian samples were fixed in formaldehyde. Primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary follicles were counted in the preparations, and all were added to calculate the ovarian follicle reserve. Results: Primordial, primary, and ovarian follicle reserves were found significantly lower in G2, in comparison to other groups. Atretic follicle values were significantly higher in G2 compared to G3, and in G3 compared to the other groups. Regression of angiogenesis within corpus luteum was found significantly lower in G2, compared to G3, and in G3 compared to other groups. All values in G1, G4, and G5 were similar. Conclusion: Use of lipiodol and melatonin during HSG procedure prevents the negative effects of radiation on ovarian follicle reserve.Öğe Examination of the effect of melatonin use before hysterosalpingography on ovarian follicle reservein rats(I r o g canada, ınc, 4900 cote st-luc, apt#212, montreal, quebec h3w 2h3, canada, 2018) Yilmaz, E. S.; Sapmaz, T.; Kazgan, H; Yildiz, S. Menziletoglu; Kocamaz, D; Akpolat, N.; Sapmaz, E.Objective: To examine the effects of lipiodol, melatonin, and radiation used during hysterosalpingography (HSG) on rat ovarian follicle reserve. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 Wistar rats with regular estrous cycles were randomly divided into five groups. Group 1 was the control group. The other groups, X-ray was applied (G2), 0.1 ml lipiodol was applied to each uterine horn (G3), 20 mg/kg intraperitoneal melatonin application was followed by 0.1 ml lipiodol administration to each uterine horn after 15 minutes (G4), 20 mg/kg melatonin was administered to ligamentum suspensorium ovarii, followed by 0.1 ml lipiodol application to each uterine horn after 15 minutes (G5), respectively. The rats in G2, G3, G4, and G5 were exposed three times to whole body radiation. Then, all rats were re-opened and left oophorectomy was performed. Left ovarian samples were fixed in formaldehyde. Primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary follicles were counted in the preparations, and all were added to calculate the ovarian follicle reserve. Results: Primordial, primary, and ovarian follicle reserves were found significantly lower in G2, in comparison to other groups. Atretic follicle values were significantly higher in G2 compared to G3, and in G3 compared to the other groups. Regression of angiogenesis within corpus luteum was found significantly lower in G2, compared to G3, and in G3 compared to other groups. All values in G1, G4, and G5 were similar. Conclusion: Use of lipiodol and melatonin during HSG procedure prevents the negative effects of radiation on ovarian follicle reserve. KeywordsÖğe Examination of the effect of melatonin use in Pomeroy method of tubal ligation on ovarian histology in rats(Imr Press, 2012) Altungul, A. C.; Kale, A.; Sapmaz, E.; Akpolat, N.Objective: To examine the effects of melatonin use in the unilateral Pomeroy method of tubal ligation on ovarian histology in rats. Setting: Firat University Medical School, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Elazig. Material and Method: Thirty adult, female rats of Wistar albino species with regular cycles were randomly allocated to three groups in the estrus phase: G1 (n: 10): The abdomen was opened and closed. G2 (n: 10): The group where the abdomen was opened, and the Pomeroy method of tubal ligation was performed. G3 (n: 10): The group where the abdomen was opened, and Pomeroy method of tubal ligation was performed 15 min after 10 mg/kg/ip melatonin administration. Abdomens of all rats were opened six months later and left oophorectomy was performed. Samples of the left ovary were fixed in formaldehyde. The preparations were stained with hematoxylin eosin, and primordial, primary, secondary and tertiary follicles were counted. All the numbers were added up to determine the ovarian follicle reserve. An atretic follicle count was made. The corpus luteum and corpus albicans were counted, and the number of total corpuses were calculated. Regression of angiogenesis within the corpus luteum was examined. Presence of fibrosis on ovarian stroma was examined. An ordinal scale was formed for the regression of angiogenesis within the corpus luteum and presence of fibrosis (none: 0p, present: 1p, markedly present: 2). Follicle cysts in the ovary were counted. Kruskal Wallis variance analysis was used in the statistical analysis of data; p < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The comparison between G1 and G3 showed that all values were similar (p > 0.05, Kruskal Wallis variance analysis). When G2 was compared with G1 and G3, regression of angiogenesis in the corpus luteum was found to be significantly lower (p < 0.05, Mann Whitney U test), while atretic follicle count and fibrosis were significantly higher in G2 (p < 0.05, Mann Whitney U test). Conclusion: The Pomeroy method of tubal ligation reduces regression of angiogenesis in the corpus luteum, and increases atretic follicles and fibrosis development. Melatonin use restores these harmful effects. Melatonin can be used to refrain from this negative effect of the Pomeroy method of tubal ligation on the ovary.Öğe Harmful Effects of Formaldehyde and Possible Protective Effect of Nigella sativa on the Trachea of Rats(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2017) Sapmaz, E.; Sapmaz, H. I.; Vardi, N.; Tas, U.; Sarsilmaz, M.; Toplu, Y.; Arici, A.Objective: We aimed in this study to investigate the harmful effects of formaldehyde (FA) inhalation and possible protective effects of Nigella sativa (NS) on rats' trachea. Materials and Methods: In this study, 63 adult male rats were used. Animals were divided into nine groups. Group I was used as control group. All other groups were exposed to FA inhalation. Group III, V, VII, and IX were administered NS by gavage. Tissues were examined histologically, and immunohistochemical examination for Bax and caspase-3 immunoreactivity was carried out. Results: Our study demonstrated that FA caused apoptosis in the tracheal epithelial cells. The most apoptotic activity occurred at a 10 ppm dose in a 13-week exposure. Distortion of tracheal epithelium and cilia loss on epithelial surface was present in all groups. However, NS treated Groups VII and IX had decreased apoptotic activity and lymphoid infiltration and protected the epithelial structure, despite some shedded areas. Difference of tracheal epithelial thickness and histological score was statistically significant between Group VI-VII and VIII-IX. Conclusion: FA induces apoptosis and tracheal epithelial damage in rats, and chronic administration of NS can be used to prevent FA-induced apoptosis and epithelial damage.Öğe A new classification for septal perforation and effects of treatment methods on quality of life(2018) Sapmaz, E.; Toplu, Y.; Somuk, BTIntroduction: Septal perforation is a condition characterized by loss of cartilage and/or bony structures along with the mucoperichondrium and mucoperiosteum lining them. The etiology includes a history of nasal surgery or trauma, nose picking, bilateral septal cauterization, overuse of nasal sprays, cocaine abuse, vasculitis, and malignancies. Objective: Comparison of quality of life in patients with septal perforation after conservative or surgical treatment, and a new approach for the determination of the diameter of the perforation from a different point of view. Methods: The diameter of septal perforation, total vertical diameter of septum, and horizontal diameter of the perforation were measured in a total of 34 patients. Nineteen of the patients underwent surgical septal perforation repair, and 15 of them received septal button application. The patients were asked to complete the Glasgow Benefit Inventory quality of life questionnaire. Results: The septal perforation successfully healed in 18 of 19 patients who underwent surgical treatment. The quality of life scores were statistically significantly higher in the surgical treatment group when compared to the button group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The septal perforation classification we propose would be beneficial for providing realistic dimensions, treatment methods, and surgical techniques. © 2018 Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial
