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    New approaches to smes: Consulting ıncentives to micro enterprises, new employment facilities against the crisis
    (İnönü Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, 2009) Arıkan, Zeynep; Bahce, Abdullah Burhan; Sirkeci, Osman
    Approximately 20-25 years before the present global crisis conditions; research institutions made remarkable estimations which notice “…not to expect any contributions from the state and large scale industry in the near future”. Some of them emphasized that micro enterprises arrived to a key point in the future. According to estimates made around the same time; in the coming 15-20 years, self- employees, entrepreneurs will increase more than twice, in the process 20-25 per cent of total employees will be in self-entrepreneurs status, 40 per cent of employees will be in contractual, limited wage earner or working on one's own status, only the rest of 30-40 per cent will be in public sector employees status working with regular employment hours, and general business arrangement in developed countries and as a result of this; it is prescribed that official unemployment rate will pursue between 5-10 per cent. It is expected that states which conclude the European Charter for Small Enterprises take measures about inducing and providing entrepreneurs training, encouraging entrepreneurial spirit, and supporting with designated special target audiences. In 1967 first Einkaufzentrum shopping center was established and Tante Emma Laden (Aunt Emma’s Store) has ceased to exist. The EU emphasized the importance of SMEs for the first time in 1973. Year of 1983 was declared as SME year by the EU Parliament, and SMEs and Craftsman's Establishments were established. Individualisation reached to peak with globalization, privatization and supranational monopolization loomed large in the process. As a result of this; SME Commission specified about the situation, development and social and economic benefits of SMEs to the EU economy that SMEs had a leading function and were central pillar of the development and the economy with a comprehensive report in May 15, 1990. Micro enterprises and industries come to the whole world fore with year of 2005 was declared as micro finance year by UN. The concept of craftsman and artisan in Turkey is represented in the term of micro enterprise in the EU and other countries. This sector which forms the majority of enterprises takes many socio-economic roles such as peping up the economy, providing employment, producing new business opportunities, hastening the regional development, and promoting progress. Although they are neglected there are many micro enterprises which developing and growing rapidly, and obtaining competitive advantage in national and international markets without government supports or with a few supports. Because of this it is required to support and to stimulate micro enterprises.