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    Acute physiological changes in elite free-style wrestlers during a one-day tournament
    (Edizioni Minerva Medica, 2016) Kafkas, Muhammed E.; Taskiran, Celal; Kafkas, Armagan Sahin; Ozen, Gokmen; Taskapan, Cagatay; Ozyalin, Fatma; Skarpanska-Stejnborn, Anna
    BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine tree radical production, muscle damage and inflammation responses of well-trained wrestlers to a simulated one-day tournament of free-style wrestling. METHODS: Twelve elite competitive wrestlers with mean age (+/- SD) of 24.09 +/- 6.20 years, body mass 74.09 +/- 11.50 kg, and body height 174.90 +/- 8.8 cm and who had competed for national teams completed five matches according to the official Olympic wrestling tournament regulations. Blood sampling was collected before and after fifth match. Baseline blood testing was measured at 16:00 a.m. and then matches started at 12:00. Each match was implemented within one hour. Also, the resting time was 45 minutes following each match. The measurements were analyzed by Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, which is used to test for significant differences between pre- and post-test. RESULTS: The post-match lactate dehydrogenase creatine kinase (CK), and interleukin (IL)-6 levels were significantly increased compared with the baseline status. However. baseline malondialdehyde levels were not found significantly different compared with post-match. CONCLUSIONS: The current study ensured that one-day Free-Style wrestling tournament brings about significantly increasing on CK, LDH of muscle damage markers. Also, inflammatory status showed a progressive worsening during the course of one-day tournament. The study showed enhanced muscle damage markers and inflammatory status after one-day Free-Style wrestling tournament. Therefore, it appears that one-day free-style wrestling tournament imposes significant physiological demands on wrestlers that may adversely affect their performance and inflammatory status, thereby putting the athletes in a greater risk for injury.
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    Effects of cranberry (Vaccinum macrocarpon) supplementation on iron status and inflammatory markers in rowers
    (Biomed Central Ltd, 2017) Skarpanska-Stejnborn, Anna; Basta, Piotr; Trzeciak, Jerzy; Michalska, Alicja; Kafkas, M. Emin; Woitas-Slubowska, Donata
    Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of supplementation with cranberry (Vaccinum macrocarpon) on the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, hepcidin and selected markers of iron metabolism in rowers subjected to exhaustive exercise. Methods: This double-blind study included 16 members of the Polish Rowing Team. The subjects were randomly assigned to the supplemented group (n = 9), receiving 1200 mg of cranberry extract for 6 weeks, or to the placebo group (n = 7). The participants performed a 2000-m test on a rowing ergometer at the beginning and at the end of the preparatory camp. Blood samples were obtained from the antecubital vein prior to each exercise test, one minute after completing the test, and after a 24-h recovery period. The levels of hepcidin, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), ferritin, iron, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and myoglobin were determined, along with total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), unbound iron-binding capacity (UIBC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Results: Both prior and after the supplementation, a significant post-exercise increase in the concentration of IL-6 was observed in both groups. At the end of the study period, cranberry-supplemented athletes presented with significantly higher resting, post-exercise and post-recovery levels of TAC than the controls. However, a significant exercise-induced increase in the concentrations of TNF-alpha, myoglobin and hepcidin was observed solely in the control group. Conclusion: Supplementation with cranberry extract contributed to a significant strengthening of antioxidant potential in individuals exposed to strenuous physical exercise. However, supplementation did not exert direct effects on other analyzed parameters: inflammatory markers and indices of iron metabolism (TNF-alpha, hepcidin and myoglobin).