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    Antioxidative effects of curcumin, ?-myrcene and 1,8-cineole against 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced oxidative stress in rats liver
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2011) Ciftci, Osman; Ozdemir, Ilknur; Tanyildizi, Sadettin; Yildiz, Sedat; Oguzturk, Hakan
    The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of curcumin, beta-myrcene (myrcene) and 1,8-cineole (cineole) on antioxidant defense system in rats given a persistent environmental pollutant (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, TCDD). Rats (n = 112) were divided randomly into 8 equal groups. One group was kept as control and given corn oil as carrier. TCDD was orally administered at the dose of 2 mu g/kg/week. Curcumin, myrcene and cineole were orally administered at the doses of 100 mg/kg/day, 200 mg/kg/day and 100 mg/kg/day, respectively, by gavages dissolved in corn oil with and without TCDD. The liver samples were taken from half of all rats on day 30 and from the remaining half on day 60 for the determination of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and CuZn-SOD levels by spectrophotometric method. The results indicated that although TCDD significantly (p <= 0.01) increased formation of TBARS, it caused a significant decline in the levels of GSH, CAT, GSH-Px and CuZn-SOD in rats. In contrast, curcumin, myrcene and cineole significantly increased GSH, CAT, GSH-Px and CuZn-SOD levels but decreased formation of TBARS. Additionally, the antioxidative effects of curcumin, myrcene and cineole were increased at day 60 compared to day 30. In the TCDD groups given curcumin, myrcene and cineole, oxidative stress decreased by time. In conclusion, curcumin, myrcene and cineole showed antioxidant activity and eliminated TCDD-induced oxidative stress in rats in a time-dependent manner.
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    Curcumin, myrecen and cineol modulate the percentage of lymphocyte subsets altered by 2,3,7,8-Tetracholorodibenzo-p-dioxins (TCDD) in rats
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2011) Ciftci, Osman; Tanyildizi, Sadettin; Godekmerdan, Ahmet
    The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a persistent environmental pollutant, on the percentage of T-cell subsets and B-lymphocyte and effectiveness of curcumin, beta-myrcene (myrcene) and 1,8-cineole (cineol) on this toxicity in rats. Rats (n = 112) were divided randomly into 8 equal groups. One group was kept as control and given corn oil as carrier. TCDD was orally administered at the dose of 2 mu g/kg/week. Curcumin, myrcene and cineol were orally administered by gavages at the doses of 100, 200 and 100 mg/kg/day, respectively, dissolved in corn oil with and without TCDD. The blood samples were taken from half of the rats on day 30 and from the rest on day 60 for the determination of lymphocyte subsets (CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), CD161(+), CD45RA, CD4(+)CD25(+) and total lymphocyte). The results indicated that although TCDD significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the percentage of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD161(+), CD45RA, CD4(+)CD25(+) and total lymphocyte, it caused a significant increase in the percentage of CD8(+) cells. In contrast, curcumin, myrcene and cineol significantly decreased CD8(+) cells levels but increased CD3(+), CD4(+), CD161(+), CD45RA, CD4(+)CD25(+) and total lymphocyte cells populations. The beneficial effects of curcumin, myrcene and cineol and the toxic effects of TCDD were increased at day 60 compared to day 30. In conclusion, curcumin, myrcene and cineol showed immunomodulatory effects and eliminated TCDD-induced immune suppressive effects in rats.
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    The Determination of Dioxin and Dioxin-like Compound Levels in Beef and Chicken Meat Samples Consumed in Turkey
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2010) Tanyildizi, Sadettin; Ciftci, Osman
    The polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polyclorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyles (PCBs) residues in beef and chicken samples obtained from the different cities of Turkey were investigated. For this purpose, 120 beef and 120 chicken samples collected from different regions of Turkey between February 2006 and May 2008 and analyzed for dioxin and dioxin like compounds. The results showed that the mean levels of PCDD/Fs in lower bound of toxic equivalent concentrations (TEQ) were 2.83 and 3.17 pg TEQ/g fat for beef and chicken, respectively and in upper bound were 3.45 and 4.21 pg TEQ/g fat for beef and chicken, respectively. PCDDs were more dominant congeners according to PCDFs in both beef and chicken. Furthermore, the concentration of PCB congeners in lower bound were found 0.0108 and 0.0085 pg TEQ/g fat in order of beef and chicken, respectively and in upper bound were determined 0.0572 and 0.0595 pg TEQ/g fat in beef and chicken, respectively. According to the obtained findings, on a lipid basis, levels of dioxins in beef and chicken were slightly higher than other countries and World Health Organization (WHO) limits. However, mean values of PCBs were lower than the other countries at all samples. In conclusion, the findings of this study showed that the TEQ levels of PCDD/Fs are slightly higher in beef and chicken samples consumed in Turkey and long-term consumption of these foods may cause health risk for human and animals.
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    Protective effect of curcumin on immune system and body weight gain on rats intoxicated with 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2010) Ciftci, Osman; Tanyildizi, Sadettin; Godekmerdan, Ahmet
    Material and methods: For this purpose, 128 3-4-month-old Wistar albino rats with 280-310 g body weights were used. The 2 mu g/kg dose of 2,3,7,8-TCDD and 100 mg/kg dose of curcumin were dissolved in corn oil and orally given to the rats found in the experimental and control groups. Then, the serum samples were taken from all rats at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days to analyzed for the determination of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-12 and IL-13 levels by ELISA method. The data of body weight gain was measured at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. Results: The results indicated that 2,3,7,8-TCDD caused a significant increase (p < 0.05) in serum TNF-alpha level. However, it caused significant (p < 0.05) decreases in the levels of IFN-gamma, IL-12 and IL-13 in rats. On the contrary, curcumin increased IFN-gamma, IL-12 and IL-13 levels, but decreased TNF-alpha level in rats. Additionally, TCDD caused significant (P < 0.01) reductions in the body weight gain. However, curcumin reversed this effect of TCDD. Conclusion: 2,3,7,8-TCDD significantly suppressed the humoral immunity and body weight gain in rats at doses of 2 mu g/kg. However curcumin, which was found in some plants, eliminated the effect of TCDD on immune system and body weight when it was given together with 2,3,7,8-TCDD. It is thought that this effect may have occurred via curcumin and TCDD binding aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) competitively.