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Öğe Bioassay-guided isolation and antiproliferative efficacy of extract loaded in chitosan nanoparticles and LC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis of Achillea magnifica(Elsevier, 2020) Taskin, Turgut; Dogan, Murat; Arabaci, TuranThis study investigated the antioxidant, anti-urease, anticholinesterase, and antiproliferative activities of different extracts of A. magnifica. The active compounds were isolated from chloroform extract, which has the strongest antiproliferative and antioxidant activities. The structures of the isolated compounds (elenolic acid, luteolin, eupatilin) were examined using spectroscopic techniques (NMR, UV, HR-MS). The antioxidant and antiproliferative effects of isolated compounds showed lower biological activity than those of the chloroform extract. Therefore, chitosan nanoparticles were prepared with this extract and characterized. The cytotoxic activities of the chitosan nanoparticles were examined, and they were found to have a strong antiproliferative activity similar to that of the chloroform extract. The ethanol extract had strong anti-urease and anticholinesterase activity compared with other extracts. Therefore, phenolic compounds that might be responsible for the biological activity were analysed by LC-QTOF-MS/MS. The ferulic acid derivative, apigenin 6 C pentoside 8 C hexoside, apigenin 6,8-di C-hexoside, vitexin, and diosmetin 8-C-glucoside (orientin 4'-methyl ether) compounds from this plant were analysed for the first time. The results showed that the chloroform-loaded chitosan nanoparticles had a strong antiproliferative activity in breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) and no toxic effect on normal cell lines (L-929), which suggested that this extract might be a potential candidate as a herbal medicine that can be investigated and evaluated in future cancer studies. Additionally, the potential use of ethanol extract as an anti-urease and anticholinesterase agent was revealed. (C) 2020 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Characterization of the Biological Activity and Phenolics in Achillea lycaonica(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2018) Taskin, Turgut; Taskin, Duygu; Rayaman, Erkan; Dikpinar, Tugce; Suzgec-Selcuk, Sevda; Arabaci, TuranThe purpose of this study was to comparatively evaluate for the first time the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiurease effects of A. lycaonica extracts obtained using three extraction methods and five solvents followed by identification of the phenolic compounds obtained by Soxhlet extraction with ethyl acetate and maceration with chloroform that showed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents with antioxidant and antiurease activity. The phenolic compounds were identified to be chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, dicaffeoylquinic acid, salicylic acid, luteolin, quercetin, naringenin, apigenin, and 8-hydroxy- salvigenin. Among the solvent extraction procedures, Soxhlet approach was found to have higher recoveries than other approaches. The results of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays showed that the 1: 1 ethanol-water Soxhlet, ethanol ultrasonic bath, and ethyl acetate Soxhlet extraction methods had the highest DPPH antioxidant activities. The ethyl acetate Soxhlet extraction method showed the highest 2, 2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) antioxidant activity. In addition, the chloroform maceration extraction method exhibited the highest antiurease activity. Therefore, 1: 1 Soxhlet ethanol-water, ultrasonic bath ethanol, and Soxhlet ethyl acetate extracts may be used in medicine and food production as natural antioxidant sources. In addition, maceration with chloroform may provide a potential antiurease agent.Öğe In vitro screening for antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of five commercial Origanum species from Turkey(Natl Inst Science Communication-Niscair, 2017) Taskin, Turgut; Sadikoglu, Narin; Birteksoz-Tan, Seher; Bitis, LeylaThe present study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of methanol extracts of the five Origanum species, which are commercial importance in Turkey. Antioxidant activity was measured employing three methods namely, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, ABTS(+) radical cation scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant/power activity, including total phenolic and total flavonoid contents. In addition, antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts from five Origanum species aerial parts were investigated against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Candida albicans test organisms using the disk diffusion and microdilution methods. Antioxidant studies suggested that methanol extracts behaved as a strong DPPH free radical, ABTS radical cation scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant/power activity. The antimicrobial test results showed that the methanol extracts of all Origanum species had great potential of antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. As a conclusion of this study, the methanol extracts of five Origanum species showed strong antioxidant and antibacterial activity and therefore, they can be used as a natural preservative ingredient in food and/or pharmaceutical industry.Öğe The methanolic extract of Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii var. skorpilii restores glucose homeostasis, ameliorates insulin resistance and improves pancreatic ?-cell function on streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetic rats(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2019) Cam, Muhammet Emin; Hazar-Yavuz, Ayse Nur; Yildiz, Sila; Ertas, Busra; Adakul, Betul Ayaz; Taskin, Turgut; Alan, SaadetEthnopharmacological relevance: Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii var. skorpilii (syn. Thymus praecox subsp. jankae (Celak.) Jalas) is consumed as a Turkish folk medicine for the treatment of spasm, sore throat and shortness of breath, also having strong antioxidant activity and the leaves of the plant have been utilized for the treatment of diabetes as the decoction in Turkey. Aim of the study: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of antidiabetic action of Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii var. skorpilii methanolic extract (TPSE) on streptozotocin (STZ)/nicotinamide (NA)-induced type 2 diabetic rats. Materials and methods: Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups; control, diabetes, TPSE (100 mg/kg b.w, p.o.) and metformin group (400 mg/kg b.w, p.o.). Diabetes was established in all groups except control group by 55 mg/kg STZ (i.p.) for once 15 min after 100 mg/kg NA injection. 3 days after STZ/NA injection, treatments were administered for three weeks and then rats were decapitated; tissue and blood samples were obtained for measuring the level of glucose transporters (both GLUTs and sodium glucose co-transporters (SGLTs)), enzymes related to glucose (Hexokinase (HK), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), alpha-glucosidase) and lipid metabolism (Acetyl-coenzyme carboxylase (ACC)), AST, ALT, creatinine, insulin, anti-inflammatory (IL-10) and inflammatory (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6) cytokines, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) and glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Histopathological alterations of the pancreas were examined. Results: After three weeks of treatment, TPSE has exhibited a significant reduction of plasma levels of the proinflammatory cytokines. Besides, TPSE treatment elevated plasma insulin levels and normalized blood glucose levels. Moreover, it improved the values of AMPK in liver and GLP-1 in pancreas. Increased a-glucosidase, PEPCK, GLUT-2 and SGLTs levels with the induction of diabetes considerably lowered with TPSE treatment. Especially on SGLT-2, TPSE achieved a more prominent decrease. After the atrophy in Langerhans islets due to
