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    Autonomic nervous system functions in childhood essential hypertension
    (Blackwell Science, 1996) Yakinci, C; Mungen, B; Tayfun, M; Gunduz, M; Karabiber, H
    The etiopathology of essential hypertension (EH) is still controversial, different pathologic mechanisms have been estimated as a cause of EH. One of these mechanisms is autonomic nervous system dysfunction (ANSD). Although there are different studies showing ANSD in adult EH, limited studies on ANSD in childhood EH are present. The present study was planned to investigate the role of ANSD in childhood EH. The study group (SG) consisted of 24 children with EH and the control group (CG) was 24 healthy children. Non-invasive autonomic nervous system function tests: the orthostatic test, Valsalva ratio, 30/15 ratio and heart rate responses to deep breathing were performed on members of both groups. The mean differences in systolic blood pressure between supine resting and standing positions in the study and control groups were significant (z = -2.577, P = 0.0051). The mean differences in diastolic blood pressure between supine resting and standing positions in SG and CG were found to be statistically meaningful (z = -2.722, P = 0.0033). The mean differences in heart rate variation during hyperventilation in SG and CG were significant (z = -2.54, P = 0.0055). The mean differences in the Valsalva ratio between SG and CG were not statistically meaningful (z = 1.52, P = 0.0643). The mean differences in the 30/15 ratio in SG and CG were not found to be significant (z = -1.455, P = 0.0735). In the light of these results, both sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous system dysfunction in childhood essential hypertension were found.
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    Autonomic nervous system functions in obese children
    (Elsevier Science Bv, 2000) Yakinci, C; Mungen, B; Karabiber, H; Tayfun, M; Evereklioglu, C
    Childhood obesity is a complex syndrome, probably due to the multiplicity of contributing factors, contradictory literature information about etiology, prognosis, prevention and treatment. In the recent reports, autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction has been documented in adult obesity. Autonomic nervous system functions in obese children are not clear. This study was planned to investigate autonomic nervous system function in childhood (7-13 years of age) obesity. Study and control groups consisted of 33 simple obese (23 boys and ten girls, mean age 9.5 +/- 1.4 years) and 30 healthy children (18 boys and 12 girls, mean age 10.1 +/- 1.8 years), respectively. Four non-invasive autonomic nervous system function tests (Orthostatic test, Valsalva ratio, 30/15 ratio, Heart rate responses to deep breathing) and general ophthalmic examination were performed on both groups. The difference between the obese and control groups was found statistically significant in Valsalva ratio, 30/15 ratio and Heart rate responses to deep breathing (P < 0.025), and insignificant in Orthostatic test (P > 0.05). Ophthalmic examinations were normal. The result of these tests suggested normal activity of sympathetic, and hypoactivity of parasympathetic nervous system, implying parasympathetic nervous system dysfunction as a risk factor or associated finding in childhood obesity. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Serum zinc, copper, and magnesium levels in obese children
    (Blackwell Science, 1997) Yakinci, C; Pac, A; Kucukbay, FZ; Tayfun, M; Gul, A
    Serum zinc, copper and magnesium levels were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry in 41 obese and 41 healthy (control) children (between 7 and 11 years of age) who were living in Malatya (Turkey). Serum zinc levels of obese children (mean value 102.40+/-2.78 mu g/dL) were found to be significantly higher than those of the control group (mean value 80.49+/-2.98 mu g/dL; P < 0.01). Serum copper concentrations were also found to be significantly higher in obese children (mean value 132.34+/-1.79 mu g/dL) than the healthy controls (mean value 107.58+/-1.62 mu g/dL; P < 0.01). On the other hand, serum magnesium levels were found to be significantly lower in obese children (mean value 1.78+/-0.03 mg/dL) than in the healthy children (mean value 2.14+/-0.04 mg/dL; P < 0.01).