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    Current status of nitrous oxide use in operating rooms of Turkey
    (Kuwait Medical Assoc, 2023) Demirkiran, Hilmi; Tekeli, Arzu Esen; Yardimci, Cevdet; Korkutata, Zeki; Keskin, Siddik; Gulhas, Nurcin
    Objective: Investigating the justifications of nitrous oxide (N2O) use in Turkey's hospitals and usage trends during the last five years. Design: A cross-sectional study Setting: A total of 170 university hospitals, training and research hospitals, state hospitals and private hospitals in Turkey. Subjects: Clinical chiefs of 170 anesthesia departments Interventions: A survey was conducted. The Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Chi-square and Fisher tests were performed. This trial was registered at Clinical Trials.gov (NCT04124562). Main outcome measure(s): Hospital type, frequency of N2O use, how many times general anesthesia was used in a month, number of cases N2O was used on the day of the study, the status of N2O use by anesthetists in the last five years, and the reasons for its use were questioned. Results: N2O use combined with inhaled anesthetics was reported by 119 (72.1%) clinical chiefs of anesthesia departments. The mean number of general anesthesia cases in one month in 165 (84.1%) clinics included in this study was reported to be 95,044. The number of cases using N2O combined with inhalational anesthetics was 1401 (39.6%) in one day. Regarding N2O usage in the last five years, 68 (41.2%) anesthetists responded that their usage rate had decreased, 48 (29.1%) stated that they had stopped using, and 47 (28.5%) anesthetists responded that their usage rate was unchanged. Stopping or reducing N2O use due to environmental or global climate and pollution concerns were observed more frequently in the operating rooms of the university hospitals (P<0.05). Conclusion: Despite a reduced usage rate of N2O in Turkey, it is still higher than that of European countries.
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    The Relationship between Preoperative Smoking Cessation, Anxiety, and Postoperative Anxiety and Pain: A Prospective Clinical Trial at a University Hospital in the East of Turkey on 120 Participants
    (Pakistan Medical Assoc, 2022) Tekeli, Arzu Esen; Demirkiran, Hilmi; Kacar, Cemal; Duzenli, Ufuk; Gulhas, Nurcin
    Objective: To reveal the relationship between smoking cessation before surgery, pre- and post-operative anxiety, and pain among chronic smokers. Method: The cross sectional prospective clinical study was conducted in 2018 on the east of Turkey, in Van Yiiziincii Yil University Dursun Oda ba Medical Center in city of Van. After approval from the ethics committee participants of either gender aged 20-60 years scheduled to undergo rhinoplasty surgery and graded as American Society of Anaesthesiologists I-II were included.The participants were categorised into smokers group S and non-smokers group NS. Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory values for preoperative period, postoperative 0, which is the moment when the modified Aldrete score is >9, as well as for 2, 4 and 6 hours, and visual analogue scale values for the postoperative 0, 2, 4 and 6 hours were recorded. Data was analysed using SPSS 26. Results: Of the 120 patients, there were 60(50%) in group S; 28(46.7%) females, 32(52.3%) males, overall mean age 33.0 +/- 9.7 years. In group NS, there were 34(56.7%) females and 26(43.3%) males with an overall mean age of 34.7 +/- 10.1 years (p>0.05). Group S had Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory preoperative and postoperative values significantly higher than group NS (p<0.05). While the values for postoperative 4 and 6 hours increased in group S, corresponding values decreased in group NS (p<0.05). Conclusion: High anxiety scores in preoperative period appeared to be associated with stress from surgery and anaesthesia and could have been caused by smoking dependency during the preoperative and postoperative periods.