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Öğe Airway inflammatory markers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and healthy smokers(Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd, 2013) Hacievliyagil, S. S.; Mutlu, L. C.; Temel, I.Background: Cigarette smoke with its toxic ingredients leads to chronic inflammations in the airways. Objectives: In this study, the effect of cigarette smoke on the levels of inflammatory markers, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-) in induced sputum was investigated. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (group I), 20 healthy smokers (group II), and 20 healthy nonsmokers (group III) were included in the study. The levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF- in induced sputum were measured in these groups, and comparison analysis between the groups and correlation analysis for smoking load (pack-years) and spirometric parameters were performed. Results: Mean age of the patients in groups I, II, and III were 61.2 1.7, 58.2 1.6, and 59.1 5.4 years, respectively (P > 0.05). Smoking loads of group I and group II were 38.6 2.1 and 29.5 2.3 pack-years, respectively (P < 0.05). All cytokine levels were significantly higher in group I than groups II and III (P < 0.05). In addition to this, mean cytokines levels were significantly higher in group II than group III (P < 0.05). Smoking load of group II subjects was positively correlated with IL-6, IL-8, and TNF- in induced sputum (P < 0.05). Conclusions: We found that inflammatory marker levels in induced sputum were significantly higher in COPD patients and smokers than nonsmokers. Moreover, there was a moderate positive correlation between IL-6, IL-8, and TNF- levels and smoking load in the healthy smokers. We think that further studies are needed to determine whether higher levels of cytokine levels in sputum might be helpful in predicting the healthy smokers who will develop COPD in future.Öğe Effects of Lycium barbarum on bacterial translocation in thioacetamide-induced liver injury in rats(Sage Publications Inc, 2015) Bilgic, Y.; Harputluoglu, M. M. M.; Kutlu, O.; Demirel, U.; Gul, M.; Otlu, B.; Temel, I.Background and study aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Lycium barbarum (LB) on bacterial translocation (BT) frequency in thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver injury in rats. Materials and methods: Group 1 was the control. In group 2 (TAA), rats received TAA daily for 3 days. In group 3 (TAA+LB), Lycium barbarum was administered orally 25 mg/kg for 21 days prior to the first TAA injection. In group 4 (LB), rats received only Lycium barbarum. Results: In our study, Lycium barbarum treatment did not attenuate liver damage. Lycium barbarum treatment decreased ileal E. coli counts and intestinal damage but it did not alter BT frequency. Conclusions: In conclusion, the effects of Lycium barbarum on BT may be related to ongoing severe liver damage in this model.Öğe THE PREVALENCE OF CELIAC DISEASE IN PARENTS OF PRETERM OR LOW BIRTH WEIGHT NEWBORNS(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010) Ozgor, B.; Selimoglu, M. A.; Temel, I.; Seckin, Y.; Kafkasli, A.[Abstract Not Available]
