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    Effects of laser irradiation at different wavelengths (660, 810, 980, and 1064 nm) on transient receptor potential melastatin channels in an animal model of wound healing
    (Springer London Ltd, 2015) Isman, Eren; Aras, Mutan Hamdi; Cengiz, Beyhan; Bayraktar, Recep; Yolcu, Umit; Topcuoglu, Tolga; Usumez, Aslihan
    The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of four different laser wavelengths used for low-level laser therapy(LLLT) on healing of mucositis in an animal model of wound healing, by investigating expression of transient receptor potential melastatin(TRPM) ion channels. Forty-five rats were intraperitoneally injected with 100 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil on day 1 and 65 mg/kg on day 3. Superficial scratching on left cheek pouch mucosa was performed on days 3 and 5. After ulcerative mucositis was clinically detected, LLLT was started (660 nm, HELBO; 810 nm, Fotona-XD; 980 nm, ARC-Fox; and 1064 nm, Fidelis-Plus3) at 8 J/cm(2)/day from days 1 to 4. Oval excisional biopsy was performed at the wound site, and expression of TRPM2 to TRPM8 was evaluated. Student's t test was used for evaluation of significance of TRPM gene expression according to 0 value (alpha = 0.05). In 980-nm group, TRPM4, TRPM6, and TRPM7 were significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.005). In 660, 810, and 1064 nm groups, only TRPM6 was significantly higher than in control group (p < 0.005). There were no significant differences between control and sham groups (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that expression of TRPM6 gene was significantly affected by irradiation with lasers at different wavelengths, whereas the TRPM4 and TRPM7 genes were only expressed in the 980-nm diode laser group. TRPM6 gene was highly expressed during LLLT, which may lead to accelerated wound healing and tissue repair. In contrast, there was some evidence that the 980-nm diode laser caused increased expression of TRPM4, TRPM6, and TRPM7 which are responsible for stimulation of Ca2+ and Mg2+ metabolism, as well as apoptotic pathways of controlled cell death.
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    Simplified Indirect Bonding Technique for Lingual Retainer Fabrication
    (Aves Press Ltd, 2012) Ozturk, Firat; Babacan, Hasan; Topcuoglu, Tolga
    Aim: The aim of this study was to describe a simplified technique for fabricating an indirectly bonded lingual retainer using a light cure composite resin and clear tape. Subjects and Methods: Lingual retainers, made of dead soft wire, were tended to the lingual contour of the lower incisors on the stone models of patients and placed to the mouth. Fabricating lingual retainers with this method were used in 6 patients who were followed for 6 months. Results: During this period, failures occurred in 2 teeth. One failure was on a canine; the other one is on an incisor. Conclusion: Due to the isolation done with a clear tape in this method, there is no need for an extra procedure for the removal of the remnants of the separating medium from the resin surface. These extra procedures applied can cause the degradation of the resin surface which may lead to bonding failures (Turkish J Orthocl 2012;25:47-52)