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    Block masonry equation-based model updating of a masonry minaret and seismic performance evaluation
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2023) Onat, Onur; Toy, Ahmet Tugrul; Ozdemir, Engin
    This paper investigates a masonry minaret's current condition and seismic performance, namely Alacakapi Mir-Alay Sah Ali Bey (The short form is Alacakapi Minaret). Two prayer halls surround the Alacakapi minaret. One of these prayer halls was severely damaged by the Sivrice-Elazig earthquake on January 24, 2020. The other prayer hall is moderately damaged and still waiting for restoration and reinforcing solutions. The severely damaged hall was demolished. Due to the demolished hall, boundary conditions and clear height changed. Two surfaces are considered to be fixed supports. One is the bottom side, and the other is the vertical side. To determine the current condition of the minaret, first, dynamic identification is conducted by five accelerometers. Then destructive and non-destructive tests were performed to determine material properties. After that, a solid model was generated, and model calibration was conducted. Eight different formulations were considered for the model calibration proposed in the literature, reflecting a homogenized material approach that includes brick-and-mortar units. Three different mortar strengths were considered to obtain the best material properties that demonstrate the actual situation of the minaret. Local damage is realized when comparing the finite element model and operational modal analysis results. Finally, six different earthquake records were selected to determine the seismic response of Alacakapi Minaret to determine vulnerable locations for retrofit solutions.