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    Comparison of the adolescent pregnancy outcomes between refugees and Turkish citizens
    (Turkish J Pediatrics, 2024) Arslan, Oguz; Giray, Burak; Tug, Niyazi
    Background. Adolescent pregnant women have significant risk factors in terms of preterm birth, low birth weight, gestational and neonatal complications, and neonatal and infant deaths. In many countries, living as a refugee differs from living as a local citizen regarding education level, access to health services, and lifestyle. We aimed to compare the obstetric, perinatal, and neonatal outcomes of Turkish and refugee adolescent pregnant women admitted to a tertiary maternity center. Methods. The study was planned as a retrospective cross-sectional. We included adolescent pregnant women who delivered between February 2018 and August 2023. Adolescent pregnant women were divided into two groups, the Turkish group and the Syrian refugee group, and compared with each other. Results. One thousand and fifty-one Turkish and 742 refugee adolescent pregnant women were included in the study. Adolescent pregnancy rates are higher in refugees than in the Turkish group (p < 0.001). We found that maternal age (p < 0.001), preeclampsia rates (p=0.029), gestational age at delivery (p < 0.001), and cesarean delivery rates (p=0.02) were lower in refugee adolescent pregnant women. Furthermore, we found that the anemia rates (p < 0.001) and low birth weight newborn rates (p = 0.011) were higher in refugee adolescent pregnant women. Conclusions. Enhancing the outcomes of adolescent pregnancies among refugees necessitates a heightened focus on education regarding sexual reproduction, increased prenatal follow-ups, and enhanced training in family planning.
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    Correlation of spermiogram profiles with DNA damage in sperm cells of infertile men: a comet assay study
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2011) Tug, Niyazi; Sandal, Suleyman; Ozelgun, Berna; Yilmaz, Bayram
    We have investigated a relationship between DNA damage in sperm and spermiogram profiles in the infertile men. Twenty-one non-smoking infertile men <40 years of age with no systemic or genetic disease were randomly selected from the pool of infertile couples applied to our clinic. Sperm samples were collected and evaluated according to WHO guidelines. DNA damage of sperm cells was assessed using neutral comet assay. Fifty cells per slide and two slides per sample were scored to evaluate DNA damage. The cells were visually classified into four categories based on DNA migration such as undamaged (UD), little damage (LD), moderate damage (MD) and significant damage (SD). Total comet scores (TCS) were calculated as: 1 x UD + 2 x LD + 3 x MD + 4 x SD. There was a negative correlation between the percentage of slow-and in situ-motion sperm cells in spermiograms and TCS (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). The relationship between the percentage of non-motile sperm cells and TCS was negative (p < 0.001). This study provides new evidence that DNA damage in spermatozoa and sperm motility parameters are negatively correlated. We suggest that evaluation of sperm DNA by the neutral comet assay may be valuable to use in fertility research.
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    Genotoxicity profiles in exfoliated human mammary cells recovered from lactating mothers in Istanbul; relationship with demographic and dietary factors
    (Elsevier, 2012) Yilmaz, Bayram; Sandal, Suleyman; Ayvaci, Habibe; Tug, Niyazi; Vitrinel, Ayca
    We have investigated the presence of DNA damage in human mammary epithelial cells collected from healthy lactating mothers (age, 20-35 years) who were resident in the Istanbul area. Breast milk (10 ml) was collected from 30 women between one and two weeks post-partum. Demographic information (parity, breast cancer, occupation, duration of residency in Istanbul, consumption of fish, beef and poultry) was also obtained. Milk samples were diluted 1:1 with RPMI 1640 medium and centrifuged to collect cells. The cells were re-suspended and cell viability was determined by use of 0.4% trypan blue. DNA damage was assessed by use of the comet assay (alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis). Fifty cells per slide and two slides per sample were scored to evaluate DNA damage. The cells were visually classified into four categories on the basis of extent of migration: undamaged (UD), lightly damaged (LD), moderately damaged (MD) and highly damaged (HD). Total comet scores (TCS) were calculated as: 1x UD + 2x LD + 3x MD + 4x HD. Exfoliated mammary cells of the donors showed high (TCS >= 150 a.u.), moderate and low DNA damage in 10 (33.3%), 8 (26.7%) and 12 (40%) mothers, respectively. There was no significant correlation between TCS for DNA damage and the duration of previous breastfeeding, parity or age. None of the mothers was vegetarian, smoker or on any medication. Meat and chicken consumption did not significantly correlate with the TCS values. Fish consumption was significantly correlated with TCS results (Spearman's rho = 0.39, p < 0.05). No significant correlation was found between the DNA-damage scores and the period of residency in Istanbul, but fish consumption increased as the duration of stay was longer (Spearman's rho = 0.53, p < 0.01). These findings suggest that the primary causes of differences in genotoxicity detected in lactating mothers in Istanbul may be of dietary origin. Our experience also confirms that sampling breast milk from lactating mothers provides a valuable and non-invasive tool to study DNA damage in mammary cells. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.