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    Extrapulmonary Sarcoidosis withMultiple-Organ Involvement
    (2018) Aksoy, Emine Ebru; Tunçay, Eylem; Ocakli, Birsen; Bekir, Sümeyye Alparslan; Atik, Sinem Güngör; Tokgöz, Fatma Akyıl; Sucu, Pakize
    Objective: In cases of pulmonary sarcoidosis, extrapulmonary involvement is not uncom-mon. The skin, eyes, and lymph nodes are the most common sites of extrapulmonary in-volvement, and multiple organs may be involved at the same time. In this study, patients with extrapulmonary sarcoidosis were investigated in terms of the localization of involvement.Methods: Patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis between 1994 and 2015 were evaluated ret-rospectively. Demographic characteristics, symptoms, organ involvement, diagnostic meth-ods, and the length of time between the diagnosis of sarcoidosis and additional organ in-volvement were recorded. The patients were consulted to the departments of dermatology, ophthalmology, and cardiology, and a chest X-ray, high-resolution computed tomography, and abdominal ultrasound examinations were performed.Results: Extrapulmonary involvement was detected in 144 of a total of 337 sarcoidosis pa-tients. In 92% of those patients with extrapulmonary involvement, there was accompanying pulmonary involvement. Women made up 75% of the group, and the mean age was 43 years. The most commonly detected extrapulmonary involvement was of the skin (n=41), followed by erythema nodosum (n=37), and involvement of the liver (n=24), lymph nodes (n=20), spleen (n=18), and salivary/parotid gland (n=15). The most frequent diagnostic method used was mediastinoscopy (n=41), followed by a skin biopsy (n=23), and a transbronchial lung biopsy (n=19). Of the 26 (18%) patients who had multiple-organ involvement, 2 were diag-nosed as stage 0, 14 were stage 1, 9 were stage 2, and 1 was stage 3. The mean length of time before a diagnosis of extrapulmonary involvement was 24 days.Conclusion: If there is extrapulmonary involvement in a case of sarcoidosis, it should be kept in mind that more than 1 organ system may be involved and the relevant additional tests may be required.