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    Grandmothers who raise working parents' children: Influences on grandchildren, behavior management styles, and educational needs
    (Wiley, 2023) Durmus, Emine; Tunca, Asli
    Objective The aim of the study was to examine perspectives on helping raise grandchildren among Turkish grandmothers who care for working parents' children. Background Grandparents helping raise their grandchildren has become increasingly common as a means to support women's employment. In Turkey, the Buyukanne Projesi (Grandma Project) was carried out in 2017 with the support of the government. This project encouraged grandmothers to help raise their grandchildren to encourage women's participation in the workforce. The importance of grandmothers in the family system and the role of raising grandchildren has gradually increased. Method This research is qualitative and phenomenological. Sixteen grandmothers living in Turkey participated in the research. Participants were selected by criterion sampling, a purposive sampling method. Results The study's findings were categorized into three main themes: the effects of being raised by grandmothers on grandchildren, grandmothers' behavior management styles, and grandmothers' educational needs. Conclusion While raising the children of working parents, grandmothers strive to instill societal and familial values to the children. In so doing, grandmothers appear to prefer democratic and child-centered behavior-management methods over authoritarian and oppressive ones. It was noted that grandmothers have some educational needs, especially with regard to child development issues. Implications Grandmothers' childrearing practices can be improved with training. Grandmothers can play an important role in raising children to increase women's participation in the workforce and to help support the family economically.
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    Investigation of Grandmothers' Grandchild Rearing Experiences
    (Selcuk Univ, Fac Letters, 2019) Tunca, Asli; Durmus, Emine
    The study is an interpretive and descriptive study using the qualitative research method which examines the effecs of grandchild rearing on grandmother and grandmother's marriage. The study was conducted with 16 participants aged between 50 and 63 years. Snowball sampling method and criterion sampling method were used in the selection of grandmothers. In this research, a semi-structured interview form created by the researcher was used as a data collection tool. For the analysis of data, content analysis was used from qualitative data analysis methods. According to the findings, grandmothers were influenced by grandchild growth process more affectively and cognitively, on the other hand they were more adversely influenced in terms of behavior and interaction. However, in general, rearing a grandchild have more positive effects on grandmother. Another important finding of the study is the effects of rearing grandchild on grandmother's marriage. Grandmothers have seen more support and understanding by husband. In terms of marital relations, marriages were found to be more conciliatory, happier and more enjoyable, more integrated and fused, more compatible. Based on the research findings, projects bringing grandparents and grandchildren together can be developed.
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    An investigation of mother-in-law's role in the family system in Turkish culture: a phenomenological study
    (Springer, 2024) Tunca, Asli; Durmus, Emine
    In family studies, the literature on mother-in-law roles, which do not receive as much attention as the parent-child relationship but whose effects on the family system can be observed, is limited. Mother-in-law influence is one of the main reasons for divorce in Turkey. This study aimed to examine married women's perceptions of mother-in-law roles in family systems using a phenomenological research method. All participants were married women (n = 16) living in Turkey, with at least one child, and whose mother-in-law was alive. As a result of the interviews, three main themes were identified. Mothers-in-law were involved in their children's family system due to reasons such as economic conditions, children getting married at a young age, the daughter-in-law having to work outside the home, pregnancy and childbirth, and unfavorable relations between the origin of families and the spouses. In the system they were involved in, they sometimes assumed roles supporting the functioning of the system, but some other times causing destructive-inhibitive consequences. It was noteworthy that supportive mother-in-law roles were more common than destructive/inhibitive roles. It was realized that destructive/inhibitive mother-in-law roles may have negative effects on the family system, especially on children's mental health. All these results opened the door for supportive studies that will maximize the positive effects and minimize the negative effects on families, taking into account the conditions in which the mother-in-law is involved in the family system.