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    Glutathione and nitrite levels in induced sputum at COPD patients and healthy smokers
    (Pioneer Bioscience Publ Co, 2014) Turgut, Teyfik; Ilhan, Nevin; Deveci, Figen; Akpolat, Nusret; Erden, Ersin Sukru; Muz, M. Hamdi
    Objectives: The role of oxidative stress at the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is known. The aim of this study is to investigate the oxidative stress with sputum induction that is a simple method in COPD patients and healthy smokers. Methods: Sputum induction was performed in 21 COPD patients (10 stable, 11 acute exacerbations), nine healthy smokers, and ten healthy non-smokers. Glutathione, NO2- levels, and cell counts at sputum, and plasma NO2- contents were evaluated in all subjects. Results: Mean sputum glutathione and NO2- levels were significantly higher in acute exacerbations with COPD patients than healthy smokers (P=0.007 and P<0.001 respectively), and non-smokers (P<0.001 and P<0.001 respectively). On the other hand, sputum glutathione and NO2- levels did not show significant differences between stable and acute exacerbations with COPD patients. Although, sputum glutathione levels were higher in stable COPD patients than healthy smokers', no statistically significant difference was established. In addition, sputum glutathione levels were significantly higher in healthy smokers than nonsmokers (P<0.001). Conclusions: As a result, we can say that oxidative stress increases not only in COPD patients but also in healthy smokers. In addition, sputum induction that is a simple method can be used to demonstrate to show oxidative stress.
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    The role of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the differential diagnosis of isolated mediastinal and/or hilar lymphadenopathy
    (Wiley, 2021) Temiz, Dilek; In, Erdal; Kuluozturk, Mutlu; Kirkil, Gamze; Artas, Gokhan; Turgut, Teyfik; Deveci, Figen
    Introduction Isolated mediastinal and/or hilar lymphadenopathy (IMHL) has become an increasingly common finding as a result of the increased use of thoracic imaging modalities. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is accepted as the first step diagnostic method in the differential diagnosis of IMHL. Objective To determine the diagnostic yield of the procedure and to analyze clinical and sonographic findings that can be used to differentiate the etiology of lymph node pathologies. Methods Patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA procedure between March 2017 and March 2020 were included in this retrospective study. Demographic data, symptoms, comorbid diseases, and EBUS findings were obtained from the records of the patients. Results EBUS-TBNA provided a diagnosis in 88 patients out of 120 patients (granulomatous diseases n = 54, malignant diseases n = 21, and anthracotic lymph nodes n = 13), and 32 patients had a negative EBUS-TBNA. 22/32 negative EBUS-TBNA samples were true negatives (reactive lymphadenopathy). The sensitivity of the procedure was 89.8% while negative predict value was 68.7%, diagnostic yield of 91.6%. Patients with reactive lymph nodes had significantly more comorbidities (77.3%-19.4%, p < .001) and a lower number of lymph node stations (1.6 +/- 0.8-2.7 +/- 0.9, p < .001). Patients with anthracotic lymph nodes were older and mostly consisted of females (11/13, p < .001). Conclusion EBUS-TBNA has high-diagnostic efficiency in the differential diagnosis of IMHL. The number and size of lymph node stations can provide useful information for differential diagnosis. Clinical follow-up can be a more beneficial approach in patients with reactive and anthracotic lymph nodes before invasive sampling.