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    meta-Cyanobenzyl substituted benzimidazolium salts: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure and carbonic anhydrase, -glycosidase, butyrylcholinesterase, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties
    (Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2018) Turker, Ferhat; Celepci, Duygu Barut; Aktas, Aydin; Taslimi, Parham; Gok, Yetkin; Aygun, Muhittin; Gulcin, Ilhami
    meta-Cyanobenzyl-substituted N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) precursors were synthesized by the reaction of a series of N-(alkyl)benzimidazolium with 3-bromomethyl-benzonitrile. These benzimidazolium salts were characterized by using H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, FTIR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis techniques. The molecular and crystal structures of 2f and 2g complexes were obtained by using the single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. The derivatives of these novel NHC precursors were effective inhibitors of -glycosidase (AG), the cytosolic carbonic anhydrase I and II isoforms (hCA I and II), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with K-i values in the range of 1.01-2.12nM for AG, 189.56-402.44nM for hCA I, 112.50-277.37nM for hCA II, 95.45-352.58nM for AChE, and 132.91-571.18nM for BChE. In the last years, inhibition of the CA enzyme has been considered as a promising factor for pharmacologic intervention in a diversity of disturbances such as obesity, glaucoma, cancer, and epilepsy.
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    New morpholine-liganded palladium(II) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, and DNA-binding studies
    (Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2019) Turker, Ferhat; Gurses, Canbolat; Celepci, Duygu Barut; Aktas, Aydin; Ates, Burhan; Gok, Yetkin
    A series of the morpholine-liganded palladium(II) complexes (1a-e) bearing N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) functionalized by benzonitrile were synthesized. These complexes were synthesized from (NHC)Pd(II)(pyridine) complexes (PEPPSI) and morpholine. The new complexes were fully characterized by using H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis techniques. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was used to determine the structure of a derivative. The DNA-binding studies of the new (NHC)Pd(II)morpholine complexes were examined using the pBR322 plasmid. The 2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl derivative compound has the most DNA binding activity. In addition, for the 3-methylbenzyl derivative compound, oxidation effects were observed at concentrations higher than 100 mu g/ml. Also, the molecular and crystal structures of the complex 3-methylbenzyl derivative compound were recorded by using a single-crystal X-ray diffraction method.
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    New Pd-PEPPSI complexes bearing meta-cyanobenzyl-Substituted NHC: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure and catalytic activity in direct C-H arylation of (Hetero)arenes with aryl bromides
    (Elsevier, 2020) Turker, Ferhat; Bereket, Imran; Celepci, Duygu Barut; Aktas, Aydin; Gok, Yetkin
    The prestige of the PEPPSI (Pyridine-Enhanced Precatalyst Preparation Stabilization and Initiation) complexes in organometallic chemistry is increasing day by day. Herein, the well-defined seven meta-cyanobenzyl-substituted N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-Pd(II)-pyridine (Pd-PEPPSI) complexes were synthesized using palladium acetate, which unlike general procedure is a more economical method than palladium chloride. The new Pd-PEPPSI complexes were obtained from the reaction of the cyanobenzyl substituted NHC precursors and palladium acetate in pyridine. The new complexes have been fully characterized by H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, FTIR spectroscopy and elemental analysis techniques. Also, the X-ray diffraction method was used to determine the single-crystal structure of a complex. The Pd-PEPPSI complexes have been examined as catalysts in the direct arylation reactions of 2-n-butylfuran and 2-n-butylthiophene with aryl bromide. All complexes have demonstrated excellent activity in these reactions. The Molecular and crystal structure of one of the cyanobenzyl substituted Pd-PEPPSI complexes was determined by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. X-ray diffraction studies show that the molecular structure adopts a slightly distorted square-planar geometry with the palladium (II) center. (c) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    The (NHC)PdBr2(2-aminopyridine) complexes: synthesis, characterization, molecular docking study, and inhibitor effects on the human serum carbonic anhydrase and serum bovine xanthine oxidase
    (Springer Wien, 2020) Turker, Ferhat; Noma, Samir Abbas Ali; Aktas, Aydin; Al-Khafaji, Khattab; Tok, Tugba Taskin; Ates, Burhan; Gok, Yetkin
    This study contains the synthesis, spectral analysis, and the enzyme inhibition effects of the Pd-based complexes bearing both 2-aminopyridine andN-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands. The NHC ligand in the Pd-based complexes contains the 3-cyanobenzyl group. All new complexes were synthesized from (NHC)PdBr2(pyridine) complexes and 2-aminopyridine. These new complexes were characterized by using elemental analysis,H-1 NMR,C-13 NMR, and FT-IR spectroscopy techniques. Furthermore, inhibitor effects of these complexes were also tested toward some metabolic enzymes such as carbonic anhydrase and xanthine oxidase enzymes. The IC50 range for hCA I, hCA II, and XO were determined as 0.325-0.707, 0.238-0.636, and 0.576-1.693 mu M, respectively. These data showed that Pd(II)-NHC complexes bearing 2-aminopyridine may be potent inhibitors of hCA and XO enzymes. Besides these applications, molecular docking was performed by using CDOCKER tool as a part of Discovery studio 2019, not only to determine the binding mode of synthesized inhibitors, but also to determine the correlation between the CDOCKER score values and IC50 values. We found a good correlation (R-2 = 0.7403) between IC50 and the CDOCKER score of the inhibitors for XO. These findings could be a reference to start the development of effective medicine for XO. [GRAPHICS] .