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    Acute oak (Quercus infectoria) toxicosis in lambs
    (Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2013) Eroksuz, Y.; Dabak, M.; Eroksuz, H.; Baydar, E.; Turkoglu, I.; Yilmaz, I.
    Acute intoxication caused by consumption of oak (Quercus infectoria subsp. boissieri) occurred in a flock of 92 lambs in Elazig, a province of the eastern Turkey. Four lambs had died with a history of anorexia and recumbency following introduction approximately 150 g per animal/day oak material for 10-13 days. Clinical, pathological and biochemical findings were documented in 3 lambs. The most striking biochemical changes were detected in blood urea nitrogen levels and gamma-glutamyl transferase activity. At necropsy; subcutaneous edema, mild hydrothorax, moderate ascites, severe perirenal and retroperitoneal edema, severe multifocal renal subcapsular petechiation were the major gross findings detected in all cases. Renal histopathology revealed moderate multifocal tubular cell necrosis, multifocal moderate cell swelling, multifocal tubular dilatation and hyaline cast formations. The results of this study suggest that both plant and animal based factors; namely the young age and high tannin content might contribute to the occurrence of the present toxicosis in the lambs.
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    Phytochemical compounds and antiradical, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of the extracts from hypericum scabrum l. Flowers
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2018) Keser, S.; Keser, F.; Kaygili, O.; Tekin, S.; Demir, E.; Turkoglu, I.; Turkoglu, S.; Parlak, A.E.
    Hypericum scabrum L. has been widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases just as the other Hypericum species. In the present study, the antiradical, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of water and ethanol extracts of H. scabrum flowers were investigated. Their phytochemical contents and composition were also determined. The water and ethanol extracts are better scavenged ABTS (97.89 and 98.99%) and OH radicals (96.36 and 97.33%); the water extract is better scavenged DPPH radicals (91.66%) than the standard antioxidant BHA (94.33, 85.19, 90.16%, respectively). Flowers of H. scabrum contain flavonoids, phenolic acids, vitamins and phytosterols, dominated by catechin, vanillic acid, vitamin K and ergosterol. The extracts exhibit a strong cytotoxic activity against MCF-7, HCT-116, and LNCaP cancer cell lines. It is found that their antimicrobial activities are higher than the standard antibiotics. These results indicate that H. scabrum flowers have potent antiradical, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. © 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.