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Öğe Beneficial effects of quercetin on renal injury and oxidative stress caused by ciprofloxacin in rats: A histological and biochemical study(Sage Publications Ltd, 2016) Elbe, H.; Dogan, Z.; Taslidere, E.; Cetin, A.; Turkoz, Y.Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum quinolone antibiotic commonly used in clinical practice. Quercetin is an antioxidant belongs to flavonoid group. It inhibits the production of superoxide anion. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of quercetin on renal injury and oxidative stress caused by ciprofloxacin. Twenty-eight female Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: control, quercetin (20 mg kg(-1) day(-1) gavage for 21 days), ciprofloxacin (20 mg kg(-1) twice a day intraperitoneally for 10 days), and ciprofloxacin + quercetin. Samples were processed for histological and biochemical evaluations. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were measured in kidney tissue. The ciprofloxacin group showed histopathological changes such as infiltration, dilatation in tubules, tubular atrophy, reduction of Bowman's space, congestion, hemorrhage, and necrosis. In the ciprofloxacin + quercetin group, these histopathological changes markedly reduced. MDA levels increased in the ciprofloxacin group and decreased in the ciptofloxacin + quercetin group. SOD and CAT activities and GSH levels significantly decreased in the ciprofloxacin group. On the other hand, in the ciprofloxacin + quercetin group, SOD and CAT activities and GSH levels significantly increased with regard to the ciprofloxacin group. We concluded that quercetin has antioxidative and therapeutic effects on renal injury and oxidative stress caused by ciprofloxacin in rats.Öğe Effect of a honey and arginine-glutamine-hydroxymethylbutyrate mixture on the healing of colon anastomosis in rats immunosuppressed with tacrolimus(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019) Akbulut, S.; Dogan, Z.; Baskiran, A.; Elbe, H.; Turkoz, Y.We compared the effect of honey and a mixture of arginine-glutamine-hydroxymethylbutyrate (AGHMB) on healing of a descending colon anastomosis in rats that were immunosuppressed with tacrolimus (Tac). Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: untreated control, Tac, Tac + honey and Tac + AGHMB. Colon resection and anastomosis were performed on day 14 and re-laparotomy was performed on the day 21 of the study. Anastomotic bursting pressure, macroscopic adhesion score, weekly body weight changes, histopathological features and immunohistochemical staining of TGF-beta 1 were determined for all groups. We found no significant difference in anastomotic bursting pressure among the experimental groups. We found significant weekly increases in body weight for the Tac + honey group. We found no significant difference in the weekly body weight measurements for the Tac + AGHMB group. We found significant increases in TGF-beta 1 expression in the Tac + honey group compared to the control and Tac groups. No significant differences in inflammatory cell infiltration, fibroblast proliferation or collagen deposition were found between the Tac + honey and Tac + AGHMB groups; however, a significant difference in neovascularization between these groups was found. Neovascularization in the Tac + honey group was significantly greater than for the Tac + AGHMB group. We found that both honey and the AGHMB mixture were beneficial for anastomotic wound healing in rats that were immunosuppressed using Tac.Öğe Effects of agomelatine on rat liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Kose, A.; Ozhan, O.; Parlakpinar, H.; Vardi, N.; Yildiz, A.; Turkoz, Y.; Erdemli, Z.Primary or metastatic hepatic malignancies are common. Partial hepatectomy (PH) is the primary treatment for both benign and malignant hepatic neoplasms; it also is used for living donor liver transplantation. The regenerative potential of the liver after PH is 70-80% in humans. We investigated the protective and therapeutic effects of agomelatine (AGM) on rat liver regeneration following PH. We used 32 rats distributed equally into four groups: group 1, sham control; group 2, PH group; group 3, administered 20 mg/kg AGM orally once/day for 7 days following PH; group 4, administered 20 mg/kg AGM orally once/day 3 days before and 7 days following PH for 10 days. Liver samples were analyzed for antioxidants and free radicals. Tissue samples were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin to assess histopathological status and stained immunohistochemically for Ki-67. We found that PH reduced antioxidant enzymes and increased tissue reactive oxygen species, whereas AGM treatment had the opposite effect on these parameters. Our biochemical and histopathological findings were consistent. PH caused sinusoid congestion and dilation. Intensity of Ki-67 immunostaining of hepatocytes was increased in group 2, whereas these were reduced in group 4. Intensity of Ki-67 immunostaining of hepatocytes was increased in group 2, whereas it was reduced in the group 4 compared to group 1. We found that AGM was hepatoprotective following PH due to its antioxidant and free radical scavenger properties.Öğe Effects of Alchemilla vulgaris on growth performance, carcass characteristics and some biochemical parameters of heat stressed broilers(Hellenic Veterinary Medical Soc, 2020) Koseman, A.; Akdemir, F.; Uremis, N.; Seker, I; Turkoz, Y.This study aimed to investigate the effects of Alchemilla vulgaris (A. vulgaris) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and biochemical parameters in broilers exposed to high environmental temperature conditions. A total of 45 broilers of 21 days of age (Ross 308) were used and grouped as the control group (C), and the groups with the addition of 1% (G1), or 3% (G2) A. vulgaris to chicken diet, respectively. In this study, the body weights of heat stressed broilers were significantly different on the 35th day and onwards. Feed intake was higher in the control group. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was better in groups G1 and G2 compared to control on the 36th and 42nd day, the FCR was better on the 21st-42nd days. The highest hot and cold carcass performance were observed in group G2 (79.72 +/- 0.93% and 78.02 +/- 0.99, respectively), and the lowest values were observed in group C (76.26 +/- 1.13% and 75.70 +/- 1.20%, respectively). A. vulgaris, reduced serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as numerically, and suppressed lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. It had significant effects on monocytes (MON %, MON count), platelets (PLT), and plateletcrit (PCT) parameters only. In conclusion, the deleterious effects of high environmental temperature in broilers could be partially reversed by A. vulgaris addition to the diets between days 21 and 42.Öğe Effects of Alchemilla vulgaris on haematology and antioxidant status of heat- stressed quails during the late laying period(Hellenic Veterinary Medical Soc, 2021) Koseman, A.; Akdemir, F.; Uremis, N.; Seker, I; Turkoz, Y.The effects of Alchemilla vulgaris (AV) on haematology and serum, liver, and ovarian antioxidant status of heat-stressed quail in the late laying period were observed in this study. A 2x3 factorial design was used with 0, 1 and 3% AV fed in thermoneutral (TN) and heat stress (HS) conditions. A total of 150 quails were randomly assigned to six groups. The quails were located in temperature controlled rooms. The mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and platelet distribution width (PDW) obtained in quail fed 1% AV were higher than in 3% AV under both TN and HS conditions. Comparing 3% AV to 1% AV, the concentration of MCH obtained for 1% AV was higher in HS and lower in TN conditions. Besides, quails fed for 1% AV had a lower procalcitonin (PCT) value in HS than 3% AV but this PCT value was the same in TN. The serum malondialdehyde (MDA) was lower in 1% AV than 3% AV in both HS and TN. The ovarian MDA was lower in TN than HS. In both TN and HS conditions, the ovarian MDA value was determined higher for 1% AV than for 3% AV. The liver glutathione (GSH) value was higher in 1% AV than 3% AV in both TN and HS conditions. The Total Oxidant Capacity (TOS) value was found higher for 3% AV in TN and 1% AV in HS. The serum GSH, TOS, and oxidative stress index (OSI) values were lower for 3% AV compared to 1% AV for both TN and HS conditions, whereas for MDA value this was the opposite. The ovarium MDA and TOS values were lower for 3% AV than for 1% AV in both TN and HS. Also, the liver MDA, GSH, and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAS) values were lower for 3% AV than for 1% AV in both TN and HS conditions. Finally, dietary AV has been shown to have a partial antioxidative effect on the defense system and also has effect on red blood cell profiles and platelet counts rather than white blood cell profiles.Öğe The effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on streptozotocin-induced diabetic liver injury(Comenius Univ, 2016) Taslidere, E.; Gul, M.; Elbe, H.; Cetin, A.; Vardi, N.; Ozyalin, F.; Turkoz, Y.The aim of the present study was to clarify the role of oxidative stress in streptozotocin induced liver injury and the possible protective effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) using histological and biochemical parameters. 32 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups as follows: Group 1: Control animals, Group 2: Control animals given CAPE Group 3: STZ-induced diabetic animals (DM group), Group 4: STZ-induced diabetic rats given CAPE (DM+CAPE group). All the injections started on the same day of single-dose STZ injection and continued for 20 days. At the end of this period, livers were removed and processed for routine histological procedures. Biochemical parameters and morphological changes were examined. In DM group, blood glucose levels were significantly increased compared with the control group. Significant increases in tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) level and decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total glutathione (GSH) activities were detected in DM group. Administration of CAPE significantly reduced these values. STZ-induced histopathological alterations including inflammatory cell infiltration around portal triad, congestion, loss of glycogen in the hepatocytes. Additionally, degenerative cellular alterations, such as numerous vacuolizations including myelinic figure formation, pyknotic nuclei with peripheral localization of heterochromatin condensation and mitochondria! elongation were observed in cytoplasm of hepatocytes. CAPE significantly reduced these histopathological changes. Our results indicate that CAPE should be considered in the prevention of oxidative stress in diabetic liver (Tab. 3, Fig. 4, Ref. 47). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.Öğe Effects of electromagnetic radiation produced by 3G mobile phones on rat brains: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation(Sage Publications Ltd, 2012) Dogan, M.; Turtay, M. G.; Oguzturk, H.; Samdanci, E.; Turkoz, Y.; Tasdemir, S.; Alkan, A.Objective: The effects of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) produced by a third-generation (3G) mobile phone (MP) on rat brain tissues were investigated in terms of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), biochemistry, and histopathological evaluations. Methods: The rats were randomly assigned to two groups: Group I is composed of 3G-EMR-exposed rats (n = 9) and Group 2 is the control group (n = 9). The first group was subjected to EMR for 20 days. The control group was not exposed to EMR. Choline (Cho), creatinin (Cr), and N-acetylaspartate (NAA) levels were evaluated by MRS. Catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activities were measured by spectrophotometric method. Histopathological analyses were carried out to evaluate apoptosis in the brain tissues of both groups. Results: In MRS, NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and NAA/Cho ratios were not significantly different between Groups I and 2. Neither the oxidative stress parameters, CAT and GSH-Px, nor the number of apoptotic cells were significantly different between Groups I and 2. Conclusions: Usage of short-term 3G MP does not seem to have a harmful effect on rat brain tissue.Öğe The effects of montelukast against amikacin-induced acute renal damage(Verduci Publisher, 2012) Kose, E.; Beytur, A.; Dogan, Z.; Ekincioglu, Z.; Vardi, N.; Cinar, K.; Turkoz, Y.Background and Objectives: The therapeutic and protective effects of montelukast against amikacin-induced acute renal damage were investigated. Material and Methods: 35 Wistar albino female rats were divided into 5 groups as follows: Group I: Control; Group II: Control+montelukast; Group III: Amikacin; Group IV: Amikacin+montelukast; Group V: Montelukast+amikacin. At the end of the experiment, the kidney tissues and the blood of rats were collected. Malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were determined from kidney tissues. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), TNF-alpha, and IL-1 beta levels were assessed in the serum. In addition the kidney tissues were examined histologically. Results and Discussion: The MDA, MPO, BUN, and Cr levels of group III significantly increased when compared to groups I and II. These parameters of group IV decreased when compared to group III. In addition, GSH levels significantly increased when compared to the first three groups. MDA, BUN and Cr levels of group V did not reach significant level in comparison with the control group. The most significant histological damage was observed in the group III followed by the groups IV and V. Immunohistochemically, group III showed a significantly increased apoptotic staining. In group IV, it was observed that montelukast treatment reduced the expression of apoptotic cells. Conclusions: Montelukast treatment after amikacin injection could reduce the amikacin-induced kidney damage.Öğe Investigation of the effects of acrylamide applied during pregnancy on fetal brain development in rats and protective role of the vitamin E(Sage Publications Ltd, 2016) Erdemli, M. E.; Turkoz, Y.; Altinoz, E.; Elibol, E.; Dogan, Z.A liberal amount of acrylamide (AA) is produced as a result of frying or baking foods in high temperatures, and individuals take certain amounts of AA everyday by consuming these food items. Pregnant women are also exposed to AA originating from food during pregnancy and their fetus are probably affected. The rats were divided into five different groups: control (C), corn oil (CO), vitamin E (Vit E), AA, and Vit E + AA, with eight pregnant rats in each group. On the 20th day of pregnancy, fetuses were removed and brain tissues of fetuses were examined for biochemical and histological changes. AA caused degeneration in neuron structures in fetal brain tissue and caused hemorrhagic damages; dramatically decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels; increased malondialdehyde, total oxidant capacity levels; and decreased reduced glutathione and total antioxidant capacity levels (p < 0.05). On the other hand, it was determined that the Vit E, a neuroprotectant and a powerful antioxidant, suppressed the effects of AA on fetal development and fetal brain tissue damage for the above-mentioned parameters (p < 0.05). It is recommended to consume food containing Vit E as a protection to minimize the toxic effects of food-oriented AA on fetus development due to the widespread nature of fast-food culture in today's life and the impossibility of protection from AA toxicity.Öğe Melatonin Ameliorates Cerebral Vasospasm After Experimental Subarachnoidal Haemorrhage Correcting Imbalance of Nitric Oxide Levels in Rats(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2009) Aladag, M. A.; Turkoz, Y.; Parlakpinar, H.; Ozen, H.; Egri, M.; Unal, S. C.In the present study, we investigated the in vivo effects of melatonin on SAH-induced cerebral vasospasm and oxidative stress, resulting from SAH in an experimental rat model. Twenty-eight rats (225-250 g) were divided into four groups equally: group 1; control, group 2; SAH, group 3; SAH plus placebo, and group 4; SAH plus melatonin. We used double haemorrhage method for SAH groups. Beginning 6 h after SAH, 20 mg/kg melatonin or equal volume of 0.9% saline was administered intraperitoneally twice daily for 5 days to groups 3 and 4, respectively. Melatonin or 0.9% saline injections were continued up to fifth day after SAH and rats were sacrificed at the end of this period. Brain sections at the level of the pons were examined by light microscopy. The lumen diameter and the vessel wall thickness of basilar artery were measured using a micrometer. The serum levels of cerebral vasodilator nitric oxide (NO), the brain levels of an intrinsic antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) and a NO regulator arginase activities were measured. The brain levels of inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) and nitrotyrosine, a nitrosative stress parameter immunohistochemiacally determined. In conclusion, melatonin administration ameliorated cerebral vasospasm by increasing serum NO level and decreasing the brain the levels of arginase and oxidative stress. It is therefore possible that increased brain arginase activity after SAH may also have a significant role in the pathogenesis of vasospasm by limiting the availability of arginine for NO production.Öğe Protective effects of saffron (its active constituent, crocin) on nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats(Sage Publications Ltd, 2015) Altinoz, E.; Oner, Z.; Elbe, H.; Cigremis, Y.; Turkoz, Y.The reactive oxygen species take role in pathogenesis of many diseases including hypoxia, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, nephropathy, hypertension, ischemia-reperfusion damage, and heart defects. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether crocin administration could protect kidney injury from oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups each containing 10 animals as follows: group 1, control group; group 2, diabetes mellitus (DM) group; and group 3, DM + crocin group. At the end of the study, trunk blood was collected to determine the plasma levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr). The kidney tissue was removed, and biochemical and histological changes were examined. Diabetes caused a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and xanthine oxidase (XO) activities and a decrease in glutathione (GSH) contents (p < 0.01) when compared with control group in the rat kidneys. Crocin given to DM rats significantly decreased MDA (p < 0.01) and XO (p < 0.05) activities and elevated GSH (p < 0.05) contents when compared with DM group. Plasma levels of BUN and Cr were significantly higher in the DM group when compared with the control group (p < 0.01). Pretreatment of the DM animals with crocin decreased the high level of serum Cr and BUN. Control group was normal in histological appearance, but congestion, severe inflammation, tubular desquamation, tubular necrosis, and hydropic degeneration in tubular cells were observed in the DM group. Histopathological changes markedly reduced, and appearance of kidney was nearly similar to control group in DM + crocin group. Our results show that crocin could be beneficial in reducing diabetes-induced renal injury.
