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Acrylamide applied during pregnancy causes the neurotoxic effect by lowering BDNF levels in the fetal brain
(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2018) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Aladag, M. Arif; Altinoz, Eyup; Demirtas, Sezin; Turkoz, Yusuf; Yigitcan, Birgul; Bag, Harika Gozukara
Objectives: The aim of this study is to elucidate the possible mechanism of neurotoxic effect of acrylamide (AA) applied during pregnancy on fetal brain development and to show the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on AA toxicity. Materials and methods: Four groups were formed with 9 pregnant rats each as control (C), acrylamide (AA), N-acetylcysteine (NAC), acrylamide plus N-acetylcysteine (AA plus NAC) groups. Caesarian section was implemented on the 20th day of pregnancy. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were analyzed and histopathologic examinations were performed in brain tissues of the fetuses. Results: Our data indicated that AA caused necrotic death and hemorrhagic damages in fetal brain tissue with decreasing BNDF levels and increasing oxidative stress. N-acetylcysteine prevented the toxic effects of its on fetal brain (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study indicated that acrylamide has toxic effects in the fetal brain and N-acetylcysteine prevents its toxic effect.
Acrylamide applied during pregnancy causes the neurotoxic effect by lowering bdnf levels in thefetal brain
(Pergamon-elsevıer scıence ltd, the boulevard, langford lane, kıdlıngton, oxford ox5 1gb, england, 2018) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Aladag, M. Arif; Altinoz, Eyup; Demirtas, Sezin; Turkoz, Yusuf; Yigitcan, Birgul; Bag, Harika Gozukara
Objectives: The aim of this study is to elucidate the possible mechanism of neurotoxic effect of acrylamide (AA) applied during pregnancy on fetal brain development and to show the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on AA toxicity. Materials and methods: Four groups were formed with 9 pregnant rats each as control (C), acrylamide (AA), N-acetylcysteine (NAC), acrylamide plus N-acetylcysteine (AA plus NAC) groups. Caesarian section was implemented on the 20th day of pregnancy. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were analyzed and histopathologic examinations were performed in brain tissues of the fetuses. Results: Our data indicated that AA caused necrotic death and hemorrhagic damages in fetal brain tissue with decreasing BNDF levels and increasing oxidative stress. N-acetylcysteine prevented the toxic effects of its on fetal brain (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study indicated that acrylamide has toxic effects in the fetal brain and N-acetylcysteine prevents its toxic effect.
Acrylamide, Applied During Pregnancy and Postpartum Period in Offspring Rats, Significantly Disrupted Myelination by Decreasing the Levels of Myelin-Related Proteins: MBP, MAG, and MOG
(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2024) Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Uremis, Nuray; Gul, Mehmet; Gul, Semir; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Durhan, Merve; Turkoz, Yusuf
Acrylamide (ACR) is a colorless, odorless, and water-soluble solid molecule. In addition to being an important industrial material, ACR is found in fried and baked carbohydrate-rich foods. ACR is regarded as a typical axonal neurotoxin that induces neuropathy. The brain is protected from oxidative damage by vitamin E, which is regarded as the most powerful fat-soluble antioxidant vitamin. This study aimed to reveal the toxic effect of ACR on the development of myelin in the brain at the molecular level and to examine whether Vitamin E has a neuroprotective effect on the harmful effect of ACR. The study was started by dividing 40 pregnant rats into 4 groups and after lactation, the study was continued with offspring rats (females and males offspring rats) from each group. Offspring rats were equally divided into Control, Vitamin E, ACR, ACR + Vitamin E groups. Following the ACR administration, the Water Maze test was applied to evaluate cognitive function. To evaluate the level of demyelination and remyelination, MBP, MAG, and MOG proteins and mRNA levels were performed. In addition, the degeneration of myelin and glial cells was examined by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopic analysis. Analysis results showed that ACR administration decreased gene and protein levels of myelin-related proteins MBP, MAG, and MOG. The findings were confirmed by histopathological, immunohistochemical, and microscopic examinations. The application of vitamin E improved this negative effect of ACR. It has been observed that ACR may play a role in the pathogenesis of myelin-related neurodegenerative diseases by causing demyelination during gestation, lactation, and post-lactation. In addition, it has been understood that vitamin E supports myelination as a strong neuroprotective vitamin against the toxicity caused by ACR. Our research results suggest that acrylamide may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis in humans since fast-food-type nutrition is very common today and people are chronically exposed to acrylamide.
Amelioration of subchronic acrylamide toxicity in large intestine of rats by organic dried apricot intake
(Tubıtak scıentıfıc & technıcal research councıl turkey, ataturk bulvarı no 221, kavaklıdere, ankara, 00000, turkey, 2015) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Dogan, Zumrut; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Akgoz, Muslum; Altintoz, Eyup; Gecer, Murat; Turkoz, Yusuf
Acrylamide (AA) has neurotoxic, mutagenic, and genotoxic effects in humans and experimental animals. Fruit consumption is important for human health, because fruits are the source of many nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, carotenoids, dietary fiber, and phytonutrients. Many agricultural products provide natural melatonin in the diet. At the onset of the study, rats were weighted and randomly divided into four groups each containing 10 rats as follows: group 1: control (fed with normal diet and normal drinking water); group 2: apricot (fed with a daily diet with 5% apricot and normal drinking water); group 3: AA (administered daily acrylamide at 500 mu g/kg b.w. via drinking water and fed a normal diet); group 4: apricot-AA (administered daily acrylamide at 500 mu g/kg b.w. via drinking water and fed with a diet with 5% apricot). The diet schedule was continued for 12 weeks. At the end of the study, samples of large intestine were collected for biochemical analyses. The highest lipid peroxidation (as malondialdehyde, MDA) levels were observed in the AA groups, but MDA levels decreased significantly (P < 0.05) with apricot intake. Glutathione peroxidase activity in the apricot-AA group was higher than in the other three groups (P < 0.05). Glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme activity increased significantly in the AA group as compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). However, GST activity was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by the apricot-supplemented diet. GST-Pi mRNA levels in the AA group increased significantly (P < 0.05) as compared with the other groups. In conclusion, the results of the current study demonstrated that AA caused large intestine damage and showed the efficiency of apricot in preventing this damage by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and improving antioxidant enzyme activities.
Ameliorative Effects of Resveratrol on Acute Ovarian Toxicity Induced by Total Body Irradiation in Young Adult Rats
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2012) Simsek, Yavuz; Gurocak, Simay; Turkoz, Yusuf; Akpolat, Nusret; Celik, Onder; Ozer, Ali; Yilmaz, Ercan
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the ovarian protective effects of resveratrol in rats exposed to total body irradiation. Design: Experimental study. Settings: University hospital. Participants and Interventions: Thirty female rats were randomized into four groups: (1) control group (n = 7); (2) low-dose (10 mg/kg) resveratrol group (n = 8); (3) high-dose (100 mg/kg) resveratrol group (n =7); and (4) sham irradiation group (n = 8). The drugs were administered intraperitoneally as single doses, and the rats were exposed to total body radiation 24 h after the treatment. The animals were sacrificed the following day, and their ovaries were excised for histopathological and biochemical analysis. Main Outcome Measures: The ovarian follicle counts were calculated, and irradiation-dependent ovarian damage and tissue levels of antioxidant enzymes were evaluated. Results: Group 2 and Group 3 showed significantly higher numbers of total follicle counts compared with Group 1 (P < 0.01). The low-dose resveratrol treatment was associated with significantly higher numbers of primary follicles than the high-dose group. The tissue activities of glutathione peroxidase (GsH-Px) and catalase (CAT) were significantly elevated in the resveratrol-treated animals. Evaluation of ovarian histology revealed no remarkable changes in fibrosis and leucocyte infiltration among the resveratrol-treated and control rats; however, vascularity was significantly reduced in the high-dose group (P = 0.014). Conclusion: Resveratrol attenuated irradiation-dependent ovarian damage, suggesting that this natural antioxidant is effective in reducing the follicle loss induced by ionizing radiation.
Arginine, symmetric and asymmetric dimethylarginine levels in the molsidomine treatment of experimental ischemia-reperfusion retinopathy
(2019) Polat, Nihat; Atabey Ozer, Murat; Parlakpinar, Hakan; Aksungur, Zeynep; Ozhan, Onural; Turkoz, Yusuf
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the mean changes in Arginine, Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) and Symmetric Dimethylarginine (SDMA) levels in the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) retinopathy and efficacy of treatment with molsidomine by these levels. Experiments were performed on the New Zealand white rabbits each weighing approximately 2.5 kg. 28 rabbits were assigned to the following 4 groups, group 1 consisted sham, group 2 consisted I/R, group 3 consisted I/R+ treatment with molsidomine, group 4 consisted prophylaxis with molsidomine +I/R. In the group 2, 3 and 4, ischemia was induced by raising the intraocular pressure to 150 mmHg for 60 minutes. After 60 min, the IOP was returned to normal pressure. 4 mg/kg/day molsidomine was administered intraperitoneally four days after I/R in group 3, one day before I/R and three days after I/R in group 4. Arginine, ADMA and SDMA levels were measured on the aqueous humor. The mean arginine levels were 12.3±4.8 ?mol/L in group 1, 12.4±1.4 ?mol/L in group 2, 13.2±2.4 ?mol/L in group 3 and 13.7±4.3 ?mol/L in group 4. No difference was present between the groups (p=0.807). The mean ADMA levels were 2.6±0.8 ?mol/L, 7.3±2.7 ?mol/L, 0.5±0.5 ?mol/L and 2.5±1.0 ?mol/L respectively. Significant increase was present in the group 2 and significant decrease was present in the group 3 (p=0.001). The mean SDMA levels were 1.0±0.3 ?mol/L, 1.8±0.2 ?mol/L, 0.3±0.3 ?mol/L and 1.0±0.4 ?mol/L respectively. Significant increase was present in the group 2 and significant decrease was present in the group 3 (p=0.001). L-Arginine levels were kept steady, ADMA and SDMA values decreased with molsidomine. Four days treatment with molsidomine after I/R may be beneficial more than prophylaxis and three days treatment
Beneficial Effects of Montelukast Against Methotrexate-Induced Liver Toxicity: A Biochemical and Histological Study
(Hindawi Ltd, 2012) Kose, Evren; Sapmaz, Hilal Irmak; Sarihan, Ediz; Vardi, Nigar; Turkoz, Yusuf; Ekinci, Nihat
The effects of montelukast against methotrexate-induced liver damage were investigated. 35 Wistar albino female rats were divided into 5 groups as follows: group I: control; group II: montelukast (ML); group III: methotrexate (Mtx); group IV: montelukast treatment after methotrexate application (Mtx + ML); group V: montelukast treatment before methotrexate application (ML + Mtx). At the end of the experiment, the liver tissues of rats were removed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and reduced glutathione levels were determined from liver tissues. In addition, the liver tissues were examined histologically. MDA and MPO levels of Mtx group were significantly increased when compared to control group. In Mtx + ML group, these parameters were decreased as compared to Mtx group. Mtx injection exhibited major histological alterations such as eosinophilic staining and swelling of hepatocytes. The glycogen storage in hepatocytes was observed as decreased by periodic acid schiff staining in Mtx group as compared to controls. ML treatment did not completely ameliorate the lesions and milder degenerative alterations as loss of the glycogen content was still present. It was showed that montelukast treatment after methotrexate application could reduce methotrexate-induced experimental liver damage.
Biochemical investigation of the toxic effects of acrylamide administration during pregnancy on the liver of mother and fetus and the protective role of vitamin E
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2017) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Altinoz, Eyup; Aksungur, Zeynep; Turkoz, Yusuf; Dogan, Zumrut; Bag, Harika Gozukara
Objectives: To investigate the toxic effects occurring in the liver tissues of the pregnant rats and the fetuses, which are administered acrylamide and vitamin E as a protector during pregnancy. Materials and methods: This research was conducted with the permission of Laboratory Animals Ethical Board of Inonu University Faculty of Medicine. Forty rats, of which their pregnancy is validated via vaginal smear, were distributed into five different groups. On the 20th day of pregnancy, pregnant rats and fetuses are decapitated. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and xanthine oxidase (XO) levels were measured in the liver samples taken from mother and fetuses. Results: It was detected that acrylamide administered during pregnancy increased MDA, TOS, XO levels statistically significantly and decreased the GSH level (p <= 0.05) in the pregnant rat liver tissue when compared to all other groups. In the vitamin E administered group; GSH, TAS levels significantly increased statistically and TOS and XO levels dropped to levels of the control group (p <= 0.05), in comparison to all other groups. Among all groups, no biochemical changes were observed in the fetus liver tissue (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The liver of pregnant rats functions as a protective pre-filter by detoxifying acrylamide effectively and the acrylamide that reaches fetus liver is detoxified by the cytochrome P-450 system of the fetus liver. To be able to figure out the biochemical mechanism, more advanced studies are needed.
Comparative Analysis of Human and Porcupine (Hystrix Cristata L., 1758) Haemoglobins
(Gazi Univ, 2008) Cigremis, Yilmaz; Atalar, Omer; Erdogan, Kenan; Gaffaroglu, Muhammet; Turkoz, Yusuf; Yilmaz, Sadik
Agarose gel electrophoresis was used to determine the electrophoretic pattern of the haemoglobin of Hystrix cristata (H. cristata), and that of a healthy human. Alkaline agarose gel electrophoresis of the haemoglobin of H. cristata revealed that the mobility of the H. cristata haemoglobin was considerably faster than that of human haemoglobin. These comparisons showed obvious differences between the haemoglobin of the two species.
Comparison of antioxidant enzyme activity in the internal spermatic vein and brachial veins of patients with infertile varicocele
(Springer, 2008) Ozbek, Emin; Cekmen, Mustafa; Simsek, Abdulmuttalip; Turkoz, Yusuf; Soylu, Ahmet; Ilbey, Y. Ozlem; Balbay, M. Derya
Aim Recent studies have shown that both oxidative and reductive stresses are present within the internal spermatic vein of patients with varicocele. The aim of this study was to compare the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the internal spermatic vein and brachial vein of patients with varicocele. Methods Fifteen primary infertile varicocele patients and ten normal-nonvaricocele-fertile control subjects participated in this study. The patients and subjects were first given a physical and color doppler examination, and then whole blood samples were drawn from the brachial vein and a dilated internal spermatic vein during surgery. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activities were assessed by enzymatic methods, and the results were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results The activity of SOD in the internal spermatic veins and brachial veins of patients with varicocele was 60.17 +/- 2.15 and 42.10 +/- 1.60 U/g protein, respectively; that of GSH-Px was 5.44 +/- 0.14 and 3.92 +/- 0.14 U/g protein, respectively. The results were statistically significant (P < 0.05). In the control group, the activity of SOD in the internal spermatic veins and brachial veins was 43.12 +/- 1.80 and 40.01 +/- 2.10 U/g protein, respectively; that of GSH-Px was 3.35 +/- 0.20 and 3.7 +/- 0.10 U/g protein, respectively (P > 0.05). Conclusions Increased antioxidant enzyme activity in the internal spermatic vein may be due to increased oxidative stress in the internal spermatic vein: the increase in antioxidant enzyme activity may be a response to offset the toxic actions of reactive oxygen species. Further studies are needed to confirm this suggestion.
Comparison of primary repair and placing a drain without repair methods in duodenum perforations
(Turkish Assoc Trauma Emergency Surgery, 2023) Karatas, Turgay; Kanlioz, Murat; Karatas, Mehmet; Gokturk, Nurcan; Selcuk, Engin Burak; Cevirgen, Furkan; Turkoz, Yusuf
BACKGROUND: Duodenal ulcer perforation is a serious condition. A number of methods have been defined and used in surgical treatment. In this study, it was aimed to compare the effectiveness of primary repair and drain placement without repair methods in duodenal perforations using an animal model.METHODS: Three equivalent groups of ten rats each were formed. Perforation was created in the duodenum in the first (primary repair/sutured group) and the second group (drain placement without repair/sutureless drainage group). In the first group, the per-foration was repaired with sutures. In the second group, only a drain was placed in the abdomen without sutures. In the third group (control group), only laparotomy was performed. Neutrophil count, sedimentation, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), serum total an-tioxidant capacity (TAC), serum total thiol, serum native thiol, and serum myeloperoxidase (MPO) analyses were performed on animal subjects in the pre-operative period and on the post-operative 1st and 7th days. Histological and immunohistochemical (transforming growth factor-beta 1 [TGF-131]) analyzes were performed. Blood analysis, histological, and immunohistochemical findings obtained from the groups were compared statistically.RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the first and second groups, except for the TAC on the post-operative 7th day and MPO values on the post-operative 1st day (P>0.05). Although tissue healing was more pronounced in the second group than in the first group, there was no significant difference between the groups (P>0.05). TGF-131 immunoreactivity observed in the second group was found to be significantly higher than in the first group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: We think that the sutureless drainage method is as effective as the primary repair method in the treatment of duo-denal ulcer perforation and can be safely applied as an alternative to the primary repair method. However, further studies are needed to fully determine the efficacy of the sutureless drainage method.
Cucurbitacin D Inhibits the Proliferation of HepG2 Cells and Induces Apoptosis by Modulating JAK/STAT3, PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK Signaling Pathways
(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2022) Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Uremis, Nuray; Tosun, Emir; Durhan, Merve; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Baysar, Ahmet; Turkoz, Yusuf
Background: Cucurbitacin D (CuD) is a natural compound that can be isolated in various plant families, mainly from Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich. (E. elaterium). It is a triterpenoid with a broad spectrum of biological activity, including anti-cancer properties. Hepatocellular carcinoma, the aggressive type of liver cancer, is an important public health problem worldwide. Objective: In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effect of CuD treated at different doses on the HepG2 cell line and the underlying mechanism in vitro. Methods: CuD was isolated from the fruit juice of E. elaterium plant, and quantitative analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The cell viability effect of purified CuD was determined by the MTT test, and also cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest effects were determined by flow cytometry. DNA damage was evaluated with the comet test. Proteins and genes involved in PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways were evaluated by western blot and qRT-PCR. Results: CuD showed both antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects against the HepG2 cell line in a dose and time-dependent manner. It was observed that CuD induced apoptosis and blocked the cell cycle in HepG2 cells. It was observed that the expressions of genes and some proteins that play a key role in PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and JAK2/STAT3 cascades were dose-dependently down-regulated and led to activatation of the apoptotic pathway. Conclusion: All these results show promise that CuD may have a therapeutic effect in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Cucurbitacin E shows synergistic effect with sorafenib by inducing apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and regulates Jak/Stat3, ERK/MAPK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2023) Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Uremis, Nuray; Turkoz, Yusuf
Objective: Cucurbitacin E (CuE), a natural compound found in medicinal plants such as Ecballium Elaterium, has demonstrated antiproliferative and apoptotic effects in various cancer cell types due to its tetracyclic triterpenoid structure. Sorafenib, a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is commonly used in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer effect of CuE alone and in combination with sorafenib on HepG2 cells.Methods: CuE was extracted from Ecballium Elaterium fruit juice and quantitatively evaluated using HPLC. The effect of sorafenib and CuE on cell growth inhibition was determined using the MTT test. Cell cycle progression and apoptosis were assessed using flow cytometry. Mitochondrial damage was evaluated with & UDelta;& psi;m, and DNA damage was assessed using the comet assay. The expression of Jak2/Stat3, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK, and Bcl-2 family-related genes and proteins were analyzed using western blot and qRT-PCR, respectively.Results: Both CuE (0.1-5 & mu;M) and sorafenib (0.5-10 & mu;M) exhibited dose-and time-dependent antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects against the HepG2 cell line. Both compounds induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells and halted the cell cycle in the G2/M phase while causing mitochondrial and DNA damage. Both compounds down regulated Jak2/Stat3, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK signaling pathway proteins, and Bcl-xL levels, while up regulated Caspase-9 and Bax protein levels.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that CuE alone or in combination with sorafenib has the potential to be an effective therapeutic option for the treatment of HCC by inducing apoptosis and regulating multiple signaling pathways.
Cucurbitacin I exhibits anticancer efficacy through induction of apoptosis and modulation of JAK/STAT3, MAPK/ERK, and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways in HepG2 cell line
(Wiley-Hindawi, 2022) Uremis, Nuray; Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Tosun, Emir; Baysar, Ahmet; Turkoz, Yusuf
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common cancer type, especially among men. Although cucurbitacin I (CuI), widely found in plants belonging to the Ecballium elaterium (E. L) plant family, has been shown to have antitumorigenic properties in many cancer types, its anticancer effect, molecular mechanism, and apoptotic effect mediated by signal pathways on hepatocellular carcinoma have not been fully clarified. In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effect of CuI treated at different doses on the HepG2 cell line and the underlying mechanism in vitro. High-purity CuI was obtained from the E. elaterium plant with the aid of HPLC. The effects of this substance on the viability of cells were studied by the MTT assay. The effects of CuI on cell cycle progression and apoptosis were studied with flow cytometry. DNA breaks were analyzed by the Comet assay method. The proteins and genes involved in the JAK/STAT3, MAPK/ERK, and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways were investigated using Western blot and qRT-PCR, respectively. The results of this study demonstrated that CuI significantly reduced HepG2 cell growth in vitro, induced antiproliferation, and G2/M phase of the cell cycle was interrupted. Practical applications CuI administration was shown to downregulate the levels of proteins in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and JAK2/STAT3 cascades in HepG2 cells. CuI also reduced the expression of MAPK, STAT3, mTOR, JAK2, and Akt genes in different concentrations. DNA breaks are formed as a result of this effect. CuI, by reducing cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis, was found to have potential as a chemotherapeutic agent of hepatocellular carcinoma.
The Effect of Agoraphobia on Oxidative Stress in Panic Disorder
(Korean Neuropsychiatric Assoc, 2013) Gul, Lsil Gogcegoz; Karlidag, Rifat; Cumurcu, Birgul Elbozan; Turkoz, Yusuf; Kartalci, Sukru; Ozcan, A. Cemal; Erdemli, M. Erman
We aimed to investigate whether agoraphobia (A) in panic disorder (PD) has any effects on oxidative and anti-oxidative parameters. We measured total antioxidant capacity (TAG), paraoxonase (PUN), arylesterase (ARE) antioxidant and malondialdehyde (MDA) oxidant levels using blood samples from a total of 31 PD patients with A, 22 PD patients without A and 53 control group subjects. There was a significant difference between the TAG, PUN, ARE and MDA levels of the three groups consisting of PD with A, PD without A and the control group. The two-way comparison to clarify the group creating the difference showed that the TAG, PUN, and ARE antioxidants were significantly lower in the PD with A group compared to the control group while the MDA oxidant was significantly higher. There was no significant difference between the PD without A and control groups for TAG, PUN, ARE and MDA levels. We clearly demonstrated that the oxidative stress and damage to the anti-oxidative mechanism are significantly higher in the PD group with A. These findings suggest that oxidative/anti-oxidative mechanisms may play a more important role on the pathogenesis of PB with A.
Effect of hemostatic agent Ankaferd on growth factors and hydroxyproline which play a role in wound healing
(Bilimsel Tip Yayinevi, 2015) Sezgin, Sevgi; Sarac, Gulbahar; Turkoz, Yusuf; Senol, Mustafa
Objective: There have been a lot of topical and systemic agents to provide an ideal scar formation and decrease the periods of wound healing process by affecting the factors of healing (inflammatory cells, thrombocytes, extracellular matrix etc.). Ankaferd is an extract used as a hemostatic agent which is prepared in certain ratios of five herbal contents which are used in traditional Turkish medicine. In our study, we observed the effects of Ankaferd on wound healing. Materials and Methods: So that, the wounds were created with 8 mm punch biopsy on the back of 36 rats which were seperated into 4 groups of 9 rats. No treatment was done in Group D which is the control group while Group A took topical Ankaferd treatment twice a day, Group B treated with silver sulfadiazine twice a day, and Group C put on base cream twice a day which did not include any active agent. The rats were followed for 15 days macroscopically on 0, 3, 7 ve 15th days by taking biopsies and the levels of hydroxyproline, epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) were analysed from the tissue. Results: Th ere were no significiant differences by means of EGF and PDGF levels between the all groups. The only significiantly lower growth factor was VEGF in the silver sulfadiazine group. The wound healing process was determined faster in silver sulfadiazine and Ankaferd groups. There was no significiant difference in hydroxyproline levels between these groups and the hydroxyproline levels were significiantly higher in control group. At the end of our study, it was detected that Ankaferd accelerated the healing process similar to silver sulfadiazin, in comparison to control and base cream groups according to the macroscopic results.
The Effect of Selenium on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: An Experimental Study on a Transverse Rectus Abdominis Musculocutaneous Flap Model
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016) Tenekeci, Goktekin; Bilen, Bilge Turk; Turkoz, Yusuf; Sahin, Nurhan; Bulam, Nazire; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman
Background:The aim of this study is to investigate effects of selenium and enlighten the possible mechanism of action in a rat transverse musculocutaneous flap model following ischemia-reperfusion injury.Materials and Methods:In this study, an experimental model, which mimicked free tissue transfer, was applied. Twenty-four male Wistar Albino rats were divided into a control group (N=12), and a selenium treated group (N=12). A superiorly based transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap was elevated and an ischemic insult for 4 hours was given. In selenium treated group (Group 2), sodium selenite (0.625mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p), 2 hours before the induction of ischemia. Six rats from each group were sacrificed at 24 hours after the operation and malonyldialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured biochemically, whereas the intensity of neutrophil infiltration was evaluated. For the rest of the rats in Group 2, sodium selenite was injected at the same dose everyday to the postoperative 10th day, in which the remaining 6 rats from each group were sacrificed. On postoperative 10th day, flap viability was assessed along with the evaluation of intensity of neovascularization.Results:In Group 1, MDA levels were higher significantly (P<0.05) when compared with Group 2. No statistical difference, however, was found for NO (P>0.05), and GSH (P>0.05) levels among Group 1 and 2. Neutrophil infiltration was more intense in Group 1, when compared with Group 2 whereas neovascularization was more abundant in samples of Group 2. Group 2 shows higher average flap surface areas when compared with Group 1 (P<0.05).Discussion:The results of this study demonstrated the preventive effect of selenium against ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing tissue necrosis in muscle flaps possibly by decreasing MDA, increasing neovascularization, and decreasing neutrophil infiltration, thus suppressing inflammation.
The effects of acrylamide and Vitamin E administration during pregnancy on adult rats testis
(Wiley, 2019) Erdemli, Zeynep; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Turkoz, Yusuf; Gul, Mehmet; Yigitcan, Birgul; Bag, Harika Gozukara
Thirty rats, with confirmed pregnancies by vaginal smear, were divided into five groups, each including six rats, as the Control, Corn Oil, Vitamin E, Acrylamide, Vitamin E + Acrylamide groups. The births were monitored on the 21st day to select the male rats, and the selected male rats were decapitated at the end of the 8th week. Oxidant-antioxidant parameters, serum hormone levels and histopathological examinations were performed on testis tissues of the rats. It was found that acrylamide (AA) negatively affected the serum hormone levels (Total Testosterone, Progesterone, FSH, LH, Estradiol), oxidant-antioxidant parameters in the tissues (MDA, GSH, NO, SOD, CAT, TAS, TOS) (p < 0.05) and the histological findings (the Johnson's score, seminiferous tubule diameter, histopathological images), and Vitamin E administration resulted with an increase in the total testosterone, progesterone, FSH, LH, GSH, TAS, NO, SOD, CAT levels (p < 0.05) and an improvement in histopathological findings. Currently, it is almost inevitable to be exposed to food-induced AA toxicity and such toxicity is likely to cause lifelong damage. It was concluded that Vitamin E was able to present a protective effect in the testis tissue against AA toxicity; however, further studies are necessary.
The effects of acrylamide and vitamin E on kidneys in pregnancy: an experimental study
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Aksungur, Zeynep; Gul, Mehmet; Yigitcan, Birgul; Bag, Harika Gozukara; Altinoz, Eyup; Turkoz, Yusuf
Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate possible damages to kidney tissues of pregnant rats and their fetuses exposed to acrylamide during pregnancy and possible protective effects of vitamin E against these damages. Material and methods: Rats were randomly assigned to five groups of control, corn oil, vitamin E, acrylamide, vitamin E + acrylamide, six pregnant rats in each. Mother and fetal kidney tissues were examined for malondialdehyde (MDA), reductase glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), urea, creatine, trace elements such as Zn and Cu in the serum and histopathological analyses were conducted. Results: It was determined that acrylamide, administered during pregnancy, statistically significantly increased MDA and TOS levels, maternal serum urea, creatinine, and Zn levels, while it decreased GSH, TAS, SOD, and CAT levels (p <= .05) when compared with all other groups in the kidney tissues of pregnant rats and their fetuses and caused tubular degeneration, hemorrhage, narrowing, and closure in Bowman's space, and, in the E vitamin group, it statistically significantly increased GSH, TAS, SOD, CAT, urea, creatinine, and Zn levels when compared with other groups and lowered TOS and MDA levels to those of the control group (p < .05) and there were no differences between the groups histologically. Conclusion: It was observed that acrylamide administered during pregnancy caused oxidative stress in kidney tissues of mother rats and their fetuses, resulting in tissue damage, and vitamin E application, which is considered to be a powerful antioxidant, inhibited oxidative stress.
Effects of apocynin on sciatic nerve injury in rabbits
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Durak, Mehmet Akif; Ozhan, Onural; Tetik, Bora; Yildiz, Azibe; Aksungur, Zeynep; Vardi, Nigar; Turkoz, Yusuf
We investigated the effects of apocynin (APO) on experimental sciatic nerve compression injury in rabbits. We used 21 male rabbits divided randomly into three groups of seven. The control group was subjected to sciatic nerve compression with no further intervention. The APO treated group was subjected to compression injury and 20 mg/kg APO was administered daily for 21 days by intraperitoneal injection beginning the day after the injury. The sham group was treated with APO without injury. The control group exhibited shrinkage of axons, disruption of myelin sheaths and loss of nerve fibers. The damage for the control group was significantly greater than for the sham group. The severity of histopathology was decreased in the APO treated group compared to the control group, as was the oxidative stress index. Our findings suggest that APO treatment may contribute to healing of sciatic nerve damage.

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