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    Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder as a risk factor for fractures
    (Kare Publishing, 2020) Cicek A.U.; Sari S.A.; Ucuz I.
    Objectives: It has been reported that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is related to an increased risk of fracture. However, relevant data have been provided from either population with fractures or population-based cohort studies. In this study, we aimed to determine the fracture risk in children with ADHD. Methods: The children with ADHD between the ages of 6 and 16 who were admitted between April 2019 and July 2020 and healthy children matching in age and gender were included in this study. A semi-constructed diagnosis interview, Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised-Short Form, and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire were administered to both groups. Results: Two hundred and twelve children with ADHD and 215 healthy children were included in this study. One-time fracture was found in 76 (35.8%) children in the ADHD group and 39 (18.1%) children in the healthy group (p<0.001). While there were recurrent fractures in 27 (12.7%) patients in the ADHD group, this rate was 13 (6.0%) for healthy controls (p=0.018). Also, 45 (59.2%) of the children with fractures and 57 (41.9%) of the children without fractures had comorbid diseases (p=0.016). Conclusion: ADHD poses a significant risk for fractures and is related to an increased risk of fracture. It would be advisable to screen children with bone fractures concerning ADHD and referring them to a child and adolescent psychiatrist if there is a suspicion of ADHD. © 2020 by Anatolian Journal of Family Medicine.
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    Genotoxic and genoprotective effects of some antipsychotic drugs, methylphenidate and atomoxetine on human lymphocytes and HepG2 cells
    (Verduci Editore s.r.l, 2024) Sezer S.K.; Yuksel S.; Ucuz I.
    OBJECTIVE: Aripiprazole, risperidone, atomoxetine, and methylphenidate are drugs commonly prescribed for many psychiatric conditions and can be used alone or in combination in children and adolescents. This study aimed to investigate comparatively the possible genotoxic effects or genoprotective potentials of these drugs on human lymphocytes and HepG2 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cytotoxicity analysis was performed with the cell viability test on human lymphocytes and HepG2 cells, and half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of the drugs were determined, and three different doses (IC50, IC50, and IC50) were applied for genetic analysis. For the determined doses, cells with and without DNA damage were examined by comet analysis. RESULTS: In lymphocytes, aripiprazole and risperidone increased DNA damage at moderate and maximum doses, whereas atomoxetine increased DNA damage only at the maximum dose. In HepG2 cells, risperidone reduced DNA damage at all doses, while atomoxetine increased DNA damage at all doses. On the other hand, in the DNA-damaged cells induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), DNA damage decreased at all concentrations of all drugs in both lymphocytes and HepG2 cells. CONCLUSIONS: As a result, the genotoxicity of the drugs was found to be dose-dependent, and all drugs showed a genoprotective effect on DNA-damaged cells. © 2024 Verduci Editore s.r.l. All rights reserved.