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    Alteration of saliva and blood ghrelin, obestatin, leptin and weight based on adjuvant chemotherapy treatment in early-stage operated breast cancer patients
    (2020) Yilmaz, Nimet; Karaoglu, Aziz; Ugur, Kader; Yardim, Meltem; Aydin, Suleyman
    Aim: To evaluate the weight change and ghrelin, obestatin and leptin levels in operated early stage breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. Material and Methods: This study was conducted with 22 operated breast cancer patients (examined before and after adjuvant chemotherapy) and 33 BMI-matched two different healthy controls (of 33 healthy controls, 17 BMI-matched control was used to compare before adjuvant chemotherapy, 16 BMI-matched control was used to compare after adjuvant chemotherapy). Age, anthropometric measurements (weight, BMI, waist circumference), and blood biochemistry were recorded. Blood and salivary total ghrelin, obestatin and leptin levels are measured by using ELISA.Results: The mean ± SD weight (67.2 ± 12.3 and 72.9 ± 11.8 kg., p0.001), BMI (27.3 ± 4.7 and 29.61 ± 4.4 kg/m2, p0.001) and waist circumference (88.6 ± 10.8 and after adjuvant chemotherapy, (93.4 ± 11.0 cm., p0.05) values increased significantly when compared to pre-treatment values. Acyl ghrelin (74.05 ± 50.85 and 186.47 ± 89.61 pg/ml., p0.001 and 59.28 ± 45.74 and 151.74 ± 94.88 pg/ml., p0.01) and des-acyl ghrelin (347.59 ± 241.95 and 936.76 ± 446.93 pg/ml., p0.001 and 295.40 ± 241.44 and 765.38 ± 471.74 pg/ml., p0.01) serum levels were significantly lower in breast cancer patients compared to the control group in both pre-treatment and post-treatment periods.Conclusion: In conclusion, our study confirms that adjuvant chemotherapy causes significant weight gain in early stage breast cancer patients but does not indicate a concomitant treatment related change in ghrelin, leptin or obestatin levels. The fact that serum ghrelin levels were lower in breast cancer patients compared to BMI-matched control group, independent from treatment, might indicate that ghrelin-specific weight or adjuvant chemotherapy may be a regulatory mechanism for cancer etiopathology in breast cancer patients.
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    Effects of irisin and exercise on adropin and betatrophin in a new metabolic syndrome model
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Aydin, Suna; Kilinc, Faruk; Ugur, Kader; Aydin, Mustafa Ata; Yalcin, Mehmet Hanifi; Kuloglu, Tuncay; Tektemur, Nalan Kaya
    Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a prevalent public health problem. Uric acid (UA) is increased by MetS. We investigated whether administration of UA and 10% fructose (F) would accelerate MetS formation and we also determined the effects of irisin and exercise. We used seven groups of rats. Group 1 (control); group 2 (sham); group 3 (10% F); group 4 (1% UA); group 5 (2% UA); group 6 (10% F + 1% UA); and Group 7, (10% F + 2% UA). After induction of MetS (groups 3 -7), Group 3 was divided into three subgroups: 3A, no further treatment; 3B, irisin treatment; 3C, irisin treatment + exercise. Group 4, 1% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 4A, no further treatment; 4B, irisin treatment; 4C, Irisin treatment + exercise. Group 5, 2% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 5A, no further treatment; 5B, irisin treatment; 5C, irisin treatment + exercise. Group 6, 10% F + 1% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 6A, no further treatment; 6B, irisin treatment; 6C, irisin treatment + exercise. Group 7, 10% F + 2% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 7A, no further treatment; 7B, irisin treatment; 7C, irisin treatment + exercise., Irisin was administered 10 ng/kg irisin intraperitoneally on Monday, Wednesday, Friday, Sunday each week for 1 month. The exercise animals (in addition to irisin treatment) also were run on a treadmill for 45 min on Monday, Wednesday, Friday, Sunday each week for 1 month. The rats were sacrificed and samples of liver, heart, kidney, pancreas, skeletal muscles and blood were obtained. The amounts of adropin (ADR) and betatrophin in the tissue supernatant and blood were measured using an ELISA method. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect ADR and betatrophin expression in situ in tissue samples. The duration of these experiments varied from 3 and 10 weeks. The order of development of MetS was: group 7, 3 weeks; group 6, 4 weeks; group 5, 6 weeks; group 4, 7 weeks; group 3, 10 weeks. Kidney, liver, heart, pancreas and skeletal muscle tissues are sources of adropin and betatrophin. In these tissues and in the circulation, adropin was decreased significantly, while betatrophin was increased significantly due to MetS; irisin + exercise reversed this situation. We found that the best method for creating a MetS model was F + UA2 supplementation. Our method is rapid and simple. Irisin + exercise was best for preventing MetS.
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    Impact of Drugs Effective for Neuropathic Pain on the Frequency of Hospitalization, Debridement and Amputation Need in Patients with Diabetic Foot Infection
    (Doc Design Informatics Co Ltd, 2024) Tanir, Busra; Ugur, Kader; Kurt, Osman; Balin, Safak Ozer
    Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of drugs used in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy on the frequency of hospitalization, need for debridement and amputation. Methods: One hundred forty-four patients who received inpatient treatment for diabetic foot infection between 2017 and 2020 were analyzed retrospectively through patient files. Patients without diabetic neuropathy were defined as Group 0, those with diabetic neuropathy who used drugs for diabetic neuropathy as Group 1, and those who did not use drugs for diabetic neuropathy were defined as Group 2. The groups were compared in terms of age, height, weight, gender, comorbidities, time elapsed after diabetes mellitus diagnosis and diabetic neuropathy, quantity of diabetic foot attacks, hospitalizations due to diabetic foot infection, need and quantity of debridement and amputation. Results: The time since diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, the rate of insulin use, and hospitalizations due to diabetic foot infection were higher in patients with diabetic neuropathy compared with patients without neuropathy (p=0.01, p=0.02, p=0.024). The difference between Groups 1 and 2 in terms of diabetic foot infection attacks, hospitalizations and debridement needs was statistically significant (p=0.039, p=0.02, p=0.06). When comparing whether or not debridement or amputation was required due to diabetic foot infection and the number of amputations, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusions: The results of our study suggest that although the use of medications effective for neuropathic pain does not significantly affect amputation due to diabetic foot, it has a protective effect on the number of diabetic foot attacks, the number of hospitalizations due to diabetic foot, and the number of debridement needs.