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Öğe Acrylamide, Applied During Pregnancy and Postpartum Period in Offspring Rats, Significantly Disrupted Myelination by Decreasing the Levels of Myelin-Related Proteins: MBP, MAG, and MOG(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2024) Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Uremis, Nuray; Gul, Mehmet; Gul, Semir; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Durhan, Merve; Turkoz, YusufAcrylamide (ACR) is a colorless, odorless, and water-soluble solid molecule. In addition to being an important industrial material, ACR is found in fried and baked carbohydrate-rich foods. ACR is regarded as a typical axonal neurotoxin that induces neuropathy. The brain is protected from oxidative damage by vitamin E, which is regarded as the most powerful fat-soluble antioxidant vitamin. This study aimed to reveal the toxic effect of ACR on the development of myelin in the brain at the molecular level and to examine whether Vitamin E has a neuroprotective effect on the harmful effect of ACR. The study was started by dividing 40 pregnant rats into 4 groups and after lactation, the study was continued with offspring rats (females and males offspring rats) from each group. Offspring rats were equally divided into Control, Vitamin E, ACR, ACR + Vitamin E groups. Following the ACR administration, the Water Maze test was applied to evaluate cognitive function. To evaluate the level of demyelination and remyelination, MBP, MAG, and MOG proteins and mRNA levels were performed. In addition, the degeneration of myelin and glial cells was examined by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopic analysis. Analysis results showed that ACR administration decreased gene and protein levels of myelin-related proteins MBP, MAG, and MOG. The findings were confirmed by histopathological, immunohistochemical, and microscopic examinations. The application of vitamin E improved this negative effect of ACR. It has been observed that ACR may play a role in the pathogenesis of myelin-related neurodegenerative diseases by causing demyelination during gestation, lactation, and post-lactation. In addition, it has been understood that vitamin E supports myelination as a strong neuroprotective vitamin against the toxicity caused by ACR. Our research results suggest that acrylamide may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis in humans since fast-food-type nutrition is very common today and people are chronically exposed to acrylamide.Öğe Cucurbitacin D Inhibits the Proliferation of HepG2 Cells and Induces Apoptosis by Modulating JAK/STAT3, PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK Signaling Pathways(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2022) Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Uremis, Nuray; Tosun, Emir; Durhan, Merve; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Baysar, Ahmet; Turkoz, YusufBackground: Cucurbitacin D (CuD) is a natural compound that can be isolated in various plant families, mainly from Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich. (E. elaterium). It is a triterpenoid with a broad spectrum of biological activity, including anti-cancer properties. Hepatocellular carcinoma, the aggressive type of liver cancer, is an important public health problem worldwide. Objective: In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effect of CuD treated at different doses on the HepG2 cell line and the underlying mechanism in vitro. Methods: CuD was isolated from the fruit juice of E. elaterium plant, and quantitative analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The cell viability effect of purified CuD was determined by the MTT test, and also cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest effects were determined by flow cytometry. DNA damage was evaluated with the comet test. Proteins and genes involved in PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways were evaluated by western blot and qRT-PCR. Results: CuD showed both antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects against the HepG2 cell line in a dose and time-dependent manner. It was observed that CuD induced apoptosis and blocked the cell cycle in HepG2 cells. It was observed that the expressions of genes and some proteins that play a key role in PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and JAK2/STAT3 cascades were dose-dependently down-regulated and led to activatation of the apoptotic pathway. Conclusion: All these results show promise that CuD may have a therapeutic effect in hepatocellular carcinoma.Öğe Cucurbitacin E shows synergistic effect with sorafenib by inducing apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and regulates Jak/Stat3, ERK/MAPK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways(Elsevier Science Inc, 2023) Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Uremis, Nuray; Turkoz, YusufObjective: Cucurbitacin E (CuE), a natural compound found in medicinal plants such as Ecballium Elaterium, has demonstrated antiproliferative and apoptotic effects in various cancer cell types due to its tetracyclic triterpenoid structure. Sorafenib, a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is commonly used in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer effect of CuE alone and in combination with sorafenib on HepG2 cells.Methods: CuE was extracted from Ecballium Elaterium fruit juice and quantitatively evaluated using HPLC. The effect of sorafenib and CuE on cell growth inhibition was determined using the MTT test. Cell cycle progression and apoptosis were assessed using flow cytometry. Mitochondrial damage was evaluated with & UDelta;& psi;m, and DNA damage was assessed using the comet assay. The expression of Jak2/Stat3, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK, and Bcl-2 family-related genes and proteins were analyzed using western blot and qRT-PCR, respectively.Results: Both CuE (0.1-5 & mu;M) and sorafenib (0.5-10 & mu;M) exhibited dose-and time-dependent antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects against the HepG2 cell line. Both compounds induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells and halted the cell cycle in the G2/M phase while causing mitochondrial and DNA damage. Both compounds down regulated Jak2/Stat3, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK signaling pathway proteins, and Bcl-xL levels, while up regulated Caspase-9 and Bax protein levels.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that CuE alone or in combination with sorafenib has the potential to be an effective therapeutic option for the treatment of HCC by inducing apoptosis and regulating multiple signaling pathways.Öğe Cucurbitacin I exhibits anticancer efficacy through induction of apoptosis and modulation of JAK/STAT3, MAPK/ERK, and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways in HepG2 cell line(Wiley-Hindawi, 2022) Uremis, Nuray; Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Tosun, Emir; Baysar, Ahmet; Turkoz, YusufHepatocellular carcinoma is a common cancer type, especially among men. Although cucurbitacin I (CuI), widely found in plants belonging to the Ecballium elaterium (E. L) plant family, has been shown to have antitumorigenic properties in many cancer types, its anticancer effect, molecular mechanism, and apoptotic effect mediated by signal pathways on hepatocellular carcinoma have not been fully clarified. In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effect of CuI treated at different doses on the HepG2 cell line and the underlying mechanism in vitro. High-purity CuI was obtained from the E. elaterium plant with the aid of HPLC. The effects of this substance on the viability of cells were studied by the MTT assay. The effects of CuI on cell cycle progression and apoptosis were studied with flow cytometry. DNA breaks were analyzed by the Comet assay method. The proteins and genes involved in the JAK/STAT3, MAPK/ERK, and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways were investigated using Western blot and qRT-PCR, respectively. The results of this study demonstrated that CuI significantly reduced HepG2 cell growth in vitro, induced antiproliferation, and G2/M phase of the cell cycle was interrupted. Practical applications CuI administration was shown to downregulate the levels of proteins in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and JAK2/STAT3 cascades in HepG2 cells. CuI also reduced the expression of MAPK, STAT3, mTOR, JAK2, and Akt genes in different concentrations. DNA breaks are formed as a result of this effect. CuI, by reducing cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis, was found to have potential as a chemotherapeutic agent of hepatocellular carcinoma.Öğe Dexpanthenol protects against nicotine-induced kidney injury by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis through activation of the AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway(Springer, 2024) Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Gurel, Elif; Aslan, Meral; Taslidere, ElifDexpanthenol (DEX), a subtype of vitamin B5, plays an important role in anabolic reactions, cellular energy and regeneration in the body. Nicotine has been shown to induce kidney damage through the mechanisms of oxidative stress and apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential protective effects of DEX against nicotine-induced kidney damage through modulation of the AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Male rats were intraperitoneally administered with 0.5 mg/kg/day nicotine and/or 500 mg/kg/day DEX for 8 weeks. Following administration, renal function tests were conducted on serum samples, and histopathological examinations and analysis of oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzymes were performed on tissue samples. Protein levels of Akt, Nrf-2, HO-1, Bcl-xL, and Caspase-9 were also evaluated. Nicotine administration resulted in decreased protein levels of p-Akt, Nrf-2, HO-1, and Bcl-xL and increased Caspase-9 protein levels. In addition, nicotine administration caused an increase in MDA, TOS, and OSI levels and a decrease in GSH, GSH-Px, GST, CAT, SOD, and TAS levels. Additionally, BUN and Creatinine levels increased after nicotine administration. DEX administration positively regulated these parameters and brought them closer to control levels. Nicotine-induced kidney injury caused apoptosis and oxidative stress through Caspase-9 activation. DEX effectively prevented nicotine-induced kidney damage by increasing intracellular antioxidant levels and regulating apoptosis through Bcl-xL activation. These findings suggest that DEX has potential as a protective agent against nicotine-induced kidney damage.Öğe The effects of iron and zinc status on prognosis in pediatric Wilson's disease(Elsevier Gmbh, 2019) Gungor, Sukru; Selimoglu, Mukadder Ayse; Varol, Fatma Ilknur; Gungor, Serdal; Uremis, Muhammed MehdiObjectives: Wilson's disease (WD) is a metabolic disorder leading to hepatic and extrahepatic copper deposition. Several studies have reported that besides copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) are also accumulated at varying levels in various tissues in WD. However, there is not an adequate number of studies investigating the effects of Fe and Zn status on WD presentation and prognosis. We aimed to evaluate serum levels of ferritin (SFr), copper (SCu), and zinc (SZn) in WD and determine their role in disease presentation and prognosis. Materials-Method: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 97 pediatric patients with WD who were diagnosed and followed at Inonii University Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Department between January 2006 and May 2017. Serum Cu and Zn levels were analyzed by using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Ferritin was analyzed by chemiluminescence immunoassay method. Results: Analysis of serum levels of the elements according to the type of presentation, there was no significant difference between the groups for ceruloplasmin. However, SCU, FSCu, SFr and 24 h urinary copper levels were significantly higher (p = 0.002, p = 0.003, p = 0.023 and p < 0.001, respectively) and SZn and CSZn levels were significantly lower (fulminant WD). p < 0.001, p < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between SFr, SCu serum levels and mortality scores (respectively, r: 0.501, 0.564 for PELD, r:0.490, 0.504 for MELD, r: 0.345, 0.374 for Dhwan), and a negative correlation between SZn level and mortality scores. (r:-0.650 for PELD, r:0.703 for MELD, r:-0.642 for Dhwan) We used the ROC curves to determine the worst prognosis for fulminant Wilson disease. According to these limit values, we found that the sensitivity and specificity of FWD development was significantly higher. (for SZn sensitivity of 91.5%, a specificity of 100%, p= < 0,001, for SCu predicted FWD development with a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 73.7%, p = < 0,001, for SFr predicted FWD development with a sensitivity of 92.9%, a specificity of 66.2%, p < 0,001) Conclusion: Our study suggests that SFr, SCu, SZn levels might have prognostic importance for WD.Öğe Effects of larazotide acetate, a tight junction regulator, on the liver and intestinal damage in acute liver failure in rats(Sage Publications Ltd, 2021) Caliskan, Ali Riza; Gul, Mehmet; Yilmaz, Ismet; Otlu, Baris; Uremis, Nuray; Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Kilicaslan, IlkayBackground and Aim The epithelial cells are the strongest determinants of the physical intestinal barrier. Tight junctions (TJs) hold the epithelial cells together and allow for selective paracellular permeability. Larazotide acetate (LA) is a synthetic octapeptide that reduces TJ permeability by blocking zonulin receptors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of LA, a TJ regulator, on the liver and intestinal histology in the model of acute liver failure (ALF) in rats. Materials and Methods The thioacetamide (TAA) group received intraperitoneal (ip) injections of 300 mg/kg TAA for 3 days. The TAA+LA(dw) (drinking water) group received prophylactic 0.01 mg/mL LA orally for 7 days before the first dose of TAA. The LA(dw) group received 0.01 mg/mL LA orally. The TAA + LA(g) (gavage) group received prophylactic 0.01 mg/mL LA via oral gavage for 7 days before the first dose of TAA. The LA(g) group received 0.01 mg/mL LA via oral gavage. While liver tissue was evaluated only with light microscopy, intestinal samples were examined with light and electron microscopy. Results Serum ammonia, AST, and ALT levels in the TAA group were significantly higher than in control groups (all p < 0.01). Serum ALT levels in the TAA + LA(dw) group were significantly lower than in the TAA group (p < 0.05). However, serum ammonia and ALT levels did not differ between the TAA and other groups. Serious liver damage in the TAA group was accompanied by marked intestinal damage. There was no significant difference between the TAA and TAA + LA(dw) groups and TAA and TAA + LA(g) groups for liver damage scores. However, intestinal damage scores significantly decreased in the TAA + LA(dw) group compared to the TAA group. In the TAA + LA(dw) group, fusion occurred between the surface epithelial cells of neighboring villi and connecting regions formed as epithelial bridges between the villi. Conclusion Our findings suggest that LA reduced intestinal damage by acting on TJs in the TAA-induced ALF model in rats.Öğe The Effects of Two Different Burn Dressings on Serum Oxidative Stress Indicators in Children with Partial Burn(Oxford Univ Press, 2019) Gurunluoglu, Kubilay; Demircan, Mehmet; Tasci, Aytac; Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Turkoz, Yusuf; Bag, Harika Gozukara; Akinci, AysehanIn this study, we evaluated and compared the effect of treatment with a hydrofiber dressing with silver (HFAg) and a polylactic membrane (PLM) on systemic oxidative stress in systemic inflammatory reaction in thermal burn injuries in children. A prospective randomized and matched pairing study of 20 to 50% of TBSA was performed from children equal to both sexes affected by thermal injuries. The control group was included in normal children of both sexes. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), and glutathione (GSH) levels were analyzed and the results were analyzed statistically. In this study, it was found that PLM treatment increased TAC and GSH levels in burn patients significantly more than the other group. With the use of PLM, TOC decreased to normal level from day 3. In the HFAg group, TAC and GSH levels began to increase on the seventh day. On the first day of the burn, the TOC level started to increase. This increase continued on days 7 and 14. The TOC level began to fall on the 21st day. The increase in TAC was higher in the PLM group. In the PLM group, TOC fell faster. As a result, we think that different burn dressings can have different systemic effects. We can speculate that PLM has an antioxidant effect in the burn tissue due to high lactate content. Therefore, PLM may have decreased serum oxidative stress indicators more effectively than HFAg.Öğe Evaluation of Bone Mineral Metabolism After Liver Transplantation by Bone Mineral Densitometry and Biochemical Markers(Elsevier Science Inc, 2023) Sarici, Kemal Baris; Akbulut, Sami; Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Garzali, Ibrahim Umar; Kucukakcali, Zeynep; Koc, Cemalettin; Turkoz, YusufAim. This study aimed to evaluate the course of bone and mineral metabolism after liver trans-plantation (LT) in patients with chronic liver disease.Methods. One hundred four patients who had undergone LT and had a minimum of 6 months of follow-up after LT were included in this prospective cohort study. The following parameters were evaluated for each patient: preoperative and postoperative (postoperative day [POD]30, POD90, POD180) osteocalcin, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), type 1 collagen, beta-C-terminal end telopeptide (b-CTx), vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), ALP, calcium, phosphate, sedimentation, and bone mineral densitometer scores (L2, L4, L total, and F total). The parameters were compared in terms of sex, presence of liver tumor (hepatocellular carci-noma [HCC; n = 19] vs non-HCC [n = 85]), and presence of autoimmune liver disease (autoim-mune liver disease [ALD; n = 8] vs non-ALD [n = 96]). Results. The median age of the patients (n = 81 men and n = 23 women) was 52 years (95% CI, 50-56). There was a significant change in the defined time intervals in parameters such as osteocalcin (P < .001), BALP (P < .001), b-CTx (P < .001), vitamin D (P < .001), PTH (P < .001), ALP (P = .001), calcium (P < .001), phosphate (P = .001), L2 (P = .038), L total (P = .026), and F total (P < .001) scores. There was a significant difference in POD90 ALP (P = .033), POD180 calcium (P = .011), POD180 phosphate (P = .011), preoperative sedimentation (P = .032), and POD180 F total (P = .013) scores between both sexes. There was a significant difference in POD180 osteocalcin (P = .023), POD180 b-CTx (P = .017), and preOP calcium (P = .003) among the HCC and non-HCC groups. Furthermore, we found significant differences in preoperative ALP (P = .008), preop-erative sedimentation (P = .019), POD90 (P = .037) and POD180 L2 (P = .005) scores, preoperative (P = .049) and POD180 L4 (P = .017), and POD180 L total (P = .010) and F total (P = .022) scores between the patients with and without ALD. Conclusion. This study shows that the bone and mineral metabolism of the LT recipients was negatively affected after LT. In addition, we showed that bone and mineral metabolism was more prominent in patients with HCC, and bone mineral density scores were higher in patients with ALD.Öğe Evaluation of serum TWEAK, TRAIL, and oxidative stress markers in rosacea patients(Wiley, 2022) Durmaz, Imge; Turkmen, Dursun; Altunisik, Nihal; Uremis, Nuray; Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Sener, Serpil; Turkoz, YusufBackground Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of unknown pathogenesis. TWEAK and TRAIL are two cytokines thought to have a role in the pathogenesis of some inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Aims The purpose of this study was to examine TWEAK and TRAIL serum levels and oxidative stress markers in patients with rosacea. Material and Method Forty rosacea patients and 40 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were involved in the study. Serum TWEAK and TRAIL levels were evaluated with ELISA kits. Serum total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, total thiol, native thiol, disulfide levels were evaluated, and oxidative stress index was computed. Results Serum levels of TWEAK, TRAIL, and oxidative stress markers did not differ statistically in the patients and controls. Both TWEAK and TRAIL levels in the patients were detected to be statistically higher in male than in female. Conclusion TWEAK and TRAIL may not have a systemic effect in rosacea, unlike other inflammatory diseases. More studies are needed to investigate the role of TWEAK and TRAIL in rosacea.Öğe Histopathological and ultra-structural investigation of the damaging effects of hypoinsulinemia, hyper glycaemia and oxidative stress caused by parenteral nutrition combined with fasting on the small intestine of rabbits(Elsevier, 2023) Gurunluoglu, Semra; Gul, Mehmet; Gurunluoglu, Kubilay; Kocbiyik, Alper; Gul, Semir; Bag, Harika Gozukara; Uremis, Muhammed MehdiBackground and study aims: Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a life-saving practice when the use of the gastrointestinal tract is not appropriate. Despite its great benefits, however, PN may cause several complications. In this study, we conducted histopathological and ultra-structural examinations of the effect of PN combined with starvation on the small intestines of rabbits.Materials and methods: Rabbits were divided into four groups. A fasting + PN group was left completely unfed and received all its daily required energy by PN through an intravenous central catheter. An oral feeding + PN group received half the necessary daily calories by oral feeding and the other half through PN. A semi-starvation group received only half the necessary daily calories by oral feeding and no PN. The fourth group, serving as a control, was supplied with its entire daily energy requirements through oral feeding. After 10 days, the rabbits were euthanized. Blood and small intestine tissue samples were collected from all groups. Blood samples were bio-chemically analysed, and tissue samples were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy.Results: The fasting + PN group exhibited lower insulin levels, higher glucose levels, and increased systemic oxidative stress than the other groups. Ultra-structural and histopathological examinations revealed a significant increase in apoptotic activity in this group's small intestines and a significant decrease in villus length and crypt depth. Severe damage to the intracellular organelles and nuclei of enterocytes was also observed.Conclusion: PN combined with starvation appears to cause apoptosis in the small intestine due to oxidative stress and hyperglycaemia with hypoinsulinemia, with destructive effects on small intestine tissue. Adding enteral nutrition to PN may reduce these destructive effects.Öğe Investigating EGFR-VEGF-mediated apoptotic effect of cucurbitacin D and I combination with sorafenib via Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways(Springer, 2024) Uremis, Nuray; Turkoz, Yusuf; Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Salva, EmineSorafenib, which is a type of systemic multi-kinase inhibitor drug, is used for first-line therapy in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, the anticarcinogenic effects of sorafenib-cucurbitacin D and sorafenib-cucurbitacin I combination on HepG2 cell line were investigated. Cell inhibition, migration, apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta psi m), colony formation, and wound healing were investigated by applying cucurbitacin D and I alone or in combination with sorafenib to HepG2 cells. In addition, in order to reveal how cucurbitacins affect the signal pathways known to affect sorafenib; proteins and genes involved in VEGF, EGFR, MMP-2, caspase cascade, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathways were assessed by western blot and qRT-PCR. It has been shown that cucurbitacin D and I have an antiproliferative effect at low concentrations and show a synergistic effect when combined with sorafenib. Combined administrations induced apoptosis by increasing caspase-9, Bax activity and inhibiting Bcl-xL activation, blocking the cell cycle in G2/M phase and causing loss of Delta psi m. The combinations also suppressed MMP-2 and VEGF, reduced cell migration. The combined cucurbitacin-sorafenib applications inhibited the expression of proteins and genes involved in EGFR and PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathways. Due to showing the synergetic effect of cucurbitacins with sorafenib and their targeting of similar signaling pathways reveal that their combination may increase the efficacy of sorafenib by suppressing angiogenic, metastatic and proliferative activity in HCC.Öğe Investigation of apoptotic effects of Cucurbitacin D, I, and E mediated by Bax/Bcl-xL, caspase-3/9, and oxidative stress modulators in HepG2 cell line(Wiley, 2024) Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Turkoz, Yusuf; Uremis, NurayCucurbitacins, natural compounds highly abundant in the Cucurbitaceae plant family, are characterized by their anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties. These compounds have potential as therapeutic agents in the treatment of liver cancer. This study investigated the association of cucurbitacin D, I, and E (CuD, CuI, and CuE) with the caspase cascade, Bcl-2 family, and oxidative stress modulators in the HepG2 cell line. We evaluated the antiproliferative effects of CuD, CuI, and CuE using the MTT assay. We analyzed Annexin V/PI double staining, cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential, and wound healing assays at different doses of the three compounds. To examine the modulation of the caspase cascade, we determined the protein and gene expression levels of Bax, Bcl-xL, caspase-3, and caspase-9. We evaluated the total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), Total, and Native Thiol levels to measure cellular redox status. CuD, CuI, and CuE suppressed the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The cucurbitacins induced apoptosis by increasing caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bax activity, inhibiting Bcl-xL activation, causing loss of Delta psi m, and suppressing cell migration. Furthermore, cucurbitacins modulated oxidative stress by increasing TOS levels and decreasing SOD, GSH, TAS, and total and native Thiol levels. Our findings suggest that CuD, CuI, and CuE exert apoptotic effects on the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line by regulating Bax/Bcl-xL, caspase-3/9 signaling, and causing intracellular ROS increase in HepG2 cells.Öğe Measurement of Heavy Metal and Antioxidant-Oxidant Levels in Tissues Obtained From Three Different Localizations of Explant Hepatectomy of Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma(Elsevier Science Inc, 2023) Koc, Cemalettin; Akbulut, Sami; Sarici, Kemal Baris; Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Dogan, Ufuk Gunay; Kucukakcali, Zeynep; Garzali, Ibrahim UmarBackground. To reveal any difference in terms of heavy metal and antioxidant/oxidant levels of liver tissues obtained from 3 different locations of hepatectomy specimens of patients with Methods. Total hepatectomy materials of patients who underwent liver transplantation for HCC were objects of this study. Three liver tissue samples were obtained from each material, one from HCC tissue, one adjacent from the border of HCC, and one at least 3 cm distant from HCC, each 10 & POUND; 10 mm in diameter. Samples are preserved at -70 & DEG;C. Levels of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn) and oxidant-antioxidant parameters (catalase, glutathione perand disulphid) are measured. Results. This study included 22 patients (18 men, 4 women with an age range of 3 to 66 years. There were significant differences in terms of Cd, Pb, Zn, GSHPx, SOD, nitric oxide, and native thiol levels between liver tissues derived from 3 different locations. Cd, Pb, and Zn levels were significantly different in tumor tissues, whereas GSHPx and SOD levels were significantly different in tumor and neighboring tissues. Nitric oxide levels were relatively different in tumor tissues compared with tumor-neighboring tissues. Native thiol levels differed significantly in tumor tissues compared with tissues distant from tumor. Conclusions. The aim of this study is unique in medical literature, which reveals that the amount of heavy metals and antioxidant/oxidant accumulation are variable in the same liver tissue in different locations because of multiple and yet unknown factors.Öğe Measurement of oxidant and antioxidant levels in liver tissue obtained from patients with liver transplantation: A case-control study(Elsevier, 2022) Akbulut, Sami; Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Sarici, Kemal Baris; Uremis, Nuray; Hargura, Abdirahman Sakulen; Karakas, Serdar; Dogan, Ufuk GunayObjective: This study aimed to compare oxidant and antioxidant substance accumulation in the liver tissues of patients with chronic liver disease (recipients) who underwent liver transplantation (LT) with living liver donors (LLDs) who underwent living donor hepatectomy (LDH).Methods: This prospective study included 160 recipients (LT group) and 40 LLDs (LLD group). During surgery, a piece of liver tissue measuring a minimum of 10 x 10 mm was obtained from the edge of the right lobe of the liver of recipients and LLDs, incubated for 10 min in saline to remove blood, and stored at -70 degrees C until biochemical analysis was performed. Catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO), prolidase, reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), total thiol, native thiol, and disulfide levels were measured in stored liver tissues.Results: There was a statistically significant difference between LT and LLD groups in terms of age (p < 0.001), body mass index (p = 0.019), GSH-Px (p < 0.001), SOD (p = 0.001), MPO (p < 0.001), prolidase (p < 0.001), GSH (p < 0.001), and MDA (p = 0.003) values in favor of the LT group. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference between LT and LLD groups in terms of CAT (p < 0.001), TAS (p < 0.001), TOS (p < 0.001), OSI (p < 0.001), total thiol (p < 0.001), native thiol (p < 0.001), and disulfide (p < 0.001) values in favor of the LLD group. There were no differences between the groups in terms of sex.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that it is possible to assess the extent of oxidative stress in liver tissues by measuring the levels of antioxidant enzymes, oxidants, or the end-products of oxidative stress. With the use of optimum and minimally invasive methods, quantifying these molecules will potentially help evaluate the extent of liver disease and prognostication of liver cirrhosis.Öğe Protective Effects of G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor 1 (GPER1) on ?-Amyloid-Induced Neurotoxicity: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease(Maik Nauka/Interperiodica/Springer, 2019) Kurt, Akif Hakan; Yuksel, Kasim Zafer; Uremis, Nuray; Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Altun, Idiris; Bosnak, Mehmet; Kilicaslan, DeryaAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a problematic disease that has shown a significant increase in patient numbers worldwide. AD is identified pathologically by the accumulation of the toxic amyloid beta (A) protein, neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads in postmortem brains of AD patients. Women are more prone to AD either due to their increased life expectancy or the decline in Estrogen hormone levels around menopause. Estrogens play a physiologically important role in the brain, but there is debate about the association between estrogen and Ad. The neuroprotective effects of estrogens are possibly mediated by estrogen receptors (ERs), which include classical nuclear estrogen receptors (ER and ER) and nonclassical ER (G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1, GPER1(GPR30)). The effect of GPER1 on A-induced neurotoxicity is unclear. Here we studied the effect of GPER1 receptor agonists G-1 on rat neuronal cells. Rat neuronal cells were incubated with A(1-42), either alone or in combination with GPER1 agonist G-1 (10(-7), 10(-8) and 10(-9) M). Cell viability was determined by MTT assays and apoptotic effects induced by A(1-42) were measured by Cell Death Detection kit. Oxidative stress parameters, including nitric oxide (NO) levels and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured by spectrophotometry. Approximately half of the cell death was observed with 10(-6) M A(1-42) incubation for 48 hours. This is the first study that explores the effect of activation of GPER1 by its agonist G-1 on neuroprotection against A(1-42)-toxicity in rat neuronal cells. GPER1 activation significantly reduced on rat neuronal cells. A(1-42) induced cell death was significantly reduced by co-incubating with G-1. Our results suggest that G-1 treatment protects neurons from A(1-42) induced neurotoxicity by changing the oxidative parameters on rat neuronal cells.Öğe Protective role of vitamin E against acrylamide-induced testicular toxicity from pregnancy to adulthood: insights into oxidative stress and aromatase regulation(Springer, 2024) Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Gultekin, Sevinc; Uremis, Nuray; Safak, Tarik; cigremis, Yilmaz; Gul, Mehmet; Aydin, MuhteremAcrylamide (ACR) is a toxic chemical frequently encountered in daily life, posing health risks. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular-level mechanism of ACR's toxic effects on testicles and investigate whether Vitamin E can mitigate these effects. A total of 40 adult pregnant rats were utilized, divided into four groups: Control, ACR, Vitamin E, and ACR + Vitamin E. ACR and Vitamin E were administered to the mother rats during pregnancy and lactation, and to the male offspring until the 8th week post-birth. Serum hormone levels, oxidant-antioxidant parameters, histopathological examination of testicular tissue, and mRNA and protein levels of the testicular and liver aromatase gene were analyzed. Spermiogram analysis was conducted on the collected sperm samples from the male offspring. The results revealed that ACR exposure adversely affected hormone levels, oxidant-antioxidant parameters, histological findings, as well as aromatase gene and protein expressions. However, Vitamin E administration effectively prevented the toxic effects of ACR. These findings demonstrate that ACR application significantly impairs the reproductive performance of male offspring rats by increasing liver aromatase activity.Öğe Tissue Heavy Metals in Liver Diseases(Elsevier Science Inc, 2022) Akbulut, Sami; Isik, Burak; Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Dogan, Ufuk Gunay; Sahin, Tevfik Tolga; Sarici, Kemal Baris; Koc, CemalettinBackground. Our objective was to determine the levels of heavy metals, oxidants, and antioxidants in liver tissue of patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) compared with healthy living liver donors (LLDs). Methods. We obtained liver specimens from patients undergoing liver transplant for CLD. Samples were also obtained from LLDs. Biochemical analyses were performed on all samples, and the levels of liver tissue, heavy metal, and oxidant-antioxidants biomarker levels in patients with CLD were compared with those measured in LLDs. Results. One hundred and eighteen individuals were included for analyses. Fifty-nine were patients with CLD, and 59 were LLDs. The median levels of liver tissue of superoxide dismutase (P =.009), glutathione peroxidase (P =.042), total oxidant status (P =.006), oxidative stress index (P <.001), and copper (P =.035) were prominently more elevated in CLD than LLDs. On the other hand, the median levels of liver tissue of cadmium (P <.001), selenium (P =.042), and zinc (P <.001) levels were more elevated in the LLDs than patients with CLD. The 2 groups were similar in terms of total antioxidant status, manganese, arsenic, and lead levels. Conclusions. Superoxide accumulation in the liver was higher in patients with CLD. Concerning heavy metals, only the median tissue copper was elevated in patients with CLD with higher Cu/Zn ratio. Cadmium, selenium, and zinc were significantly higher in the healthy LLDs.
