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    The association between intima media thickness, central obesity and diastolic blood pressure in obese and owerweight children: A cross-sectional school-based study
    (Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2013) Elkiran, Ozlem; Yilmaz, Erdal; Koc, Mustafa; Kamanli, Ayhan; Ustundag, Bilal; Ilhan, Necip
    Objective: To examine relationship between carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and central obesity, cardiovasculary risk factors, and chronic inflammation markers in overweight and obese schoolchildren in Eastern Turkey. Methods: A cross-sectional school-based survey on 2765 schoolchildren was performed. We collected the clinical data (age, sex, percentage of body fat, and measured systolic blood pressure [BP] and diastolic BP, triglycerides, high-and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, insulin, homocysteine and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) in 67 obese and 24 overweight children. The control group was composed of nonobese children of similar age and sex. Results: Mean systolic and diastolic BP values in the cases of overweight and obese groups were higher than those in the control group cases (p = 0.001). Obese and overweight children demonstrated a significantly thicker intima media as compared with the control group (p = 0.001). Carotid IMT was significantly correlated to the body mass index (r = 0.396, p = 0.001), fat mass percentage (r = 0.257, p = 0.036), waist circumference (r = 0.390, p = 0.001), diastolic BP (r = 0.266, p = 0.030), glucose (r = 0.250, p = 0.042), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (r = 0.269, p = 0.001) in the obese group. In multiple linear regression analysis, carotid IMT correlated significantly to waist circumference (p = 0.045), and diastolic BP (p = 0.031) in obese group. Conclusions: Obesity is related to cardiovascular risk factors leading to early atherosclerosis in schoolchildren. There is a relationship between atherosclerosis, and central obesity, diastolic BP, and chronic inflammation. Waist circumference measurement is more sensitive than other anthropometric measurements in predicting obesity and associated complications. (c) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Immunohistochemical evaluation of the effects of nebivolol on intimal hyperplasia following endothelial injury
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2011) Akar, Ilker; Rahman, Ali; Colak, M. Cengiz; Ustundag, Bilal; Ozercan, Ibrahim Hanifi; Uysal, Ayhan
    Aim: Intimal hyperplasia is a vascular remodeling process. It is a clinical problem that forms in the vascular wall as a result of smooth muscle cell migration, proliferation, and extracellular matrix accumulation. In this study we examined the immunohistochemical evaluation of the effects of nebivolol on intimal hyperplasia in damaged endothelial tissue. Materials and methods: The study was conducted using 21 rabbits equally divided into 3 groups: control, solvent, and nebivolol. The rabbits in the control group only underwent balloon injury of the abdominal aorta. The rabbits in the solvent group and nebivolol group underwent balloon injury and were treated with solvent and nebivolol intraperitoneally during the study. At the end of the study, the abdominal aortas were harvested. The intimal and medial areas were measured and the intima/media ratios were calculated. Tissue nitric oxide levels were determined and immunohistochemical findings were evaluated. Results: Statistically there were no differences between the control and solvent groups with respect to the intimal and medial areas, intima/media ratios, or the tissue nitric oxide (NO) levels. The neointimal thickening was significantly less in the nebivolol group than in the control and solvent groups (P < 0.001). Intima/media ratio was decreased in the nebivolol group (P < 0.001). Tissue nitric oxide levels were greater in the nebivolol group than in the control and solvent groups (P < 0.01). Immunohistochemical data in the nebivolol group were significantly lower as compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Nebivolol may be a useful agent in early restenosis after vascular reconstructive procedures.
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    Oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters in neutropenic patients secondary to chemotherapy
    (Professional Medical Publications, 2016) Dogantekin, Akif; Gurel, Ali; Ustundag, Bilal; Ilhan, Selcuk; Elkiran, Emin Tamer
    Objective: Neutropenia is a serious adverse event that necessitates dosage reduction in patients receiving chemotherapy. In this study, we evaluated the oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters in neutropenic patients after chemotherapy both during the neutropenic period and after successful treatment of neutropenia with filgrastim. Methods: We studied paraoxonase (PON1), arylesterase (ARE), malondialdehyde (MDA), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in addition to routine biochemical and hematologic parameters. SPSS 12.0 was used for statistical evaluation of data (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: In our study, PON1, HDL, and LDH levels during the period of active neutropenia were statistically significantly higher than these levels were after resolution of neutropenia (P<0.05); MDA and ALP levels were statistically significantly lower during the period of active neutropenia (P<0.05). Conclusions: Overall, free oxygen radicals (FOR) were increased and antioxidant parameters were decreased with resolution of neutropenia. This is probably due to FOR produced by the increased number of neutrophils rather than tumor burden.
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    Perioperative High-Dose Amiodarone Elevates Nitric Oxide Levels in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery.
    (Allied Acad, 2013) Uysal, Ayhan; Azak, Soner; Colak, M. Cengiz; Burma, Oktay; Ozguler, I. Murat; Ustundag, Bilal; Bayar, Mustafa Kemal
    The aim of the current study was to assess the effects of the Class III antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone on arterial blood Nitric oxide (NO) levels together with malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), and catalase (CAT) levels in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Twenty patients undergoing CABG were included in the study. The patients were divided into control and amiodarone groups (n=10 in each group). The patients in group 1 did not receive any drugs. The patients in group II received 4X400 mg/day amiodarone on the day before surgery, 2X600 mg/day amiodarone on the day of surgery, and 2X400 mg/day amiodarone for the first consecutive four days after the surgery. NO, MDA, SOD, GSH-px, and CAT values were measured for biochemical evaluation of oxidative stress before the induction of anesthesia (T-A), before CPB (T-CPB), five minutes after the clamp was removed (T-c), after protamine (T-P), and on postoperative days 1 (T-1), 3 (T-3), and 5 (T-5). Hemodynamic changes of all patients were recorded at before the induction of anesthesia (TA), before CPB (TCPB), after protamine (T-P), and on postoperative day 1 (T1). Amiodarone elevated NO levels at all times during the study period but did not cause changes in MDA, SOD, GSH-px, or CAT. In addition, amiodarone decreased mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, and heart rate in these patients. No side effect due to drug was observed. Heart rate was found more decreased in amiodarone group at T-1 and T-2 stages when compared with controls (p<0.05). Perioperative high- dose amiodarone might be beneficial for patients who are pulmonary hypertensive and are undergoing CABG.
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    Serum salusin-? levels in systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis
    (Aves, 2014) Koca, Suleyman Serdar; Ozgen, Metin; Isik, Bahar; Dagli, Mustafa Necati; Ustundag, Bilal; Isik, Ahmet
    Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc), chronic inflammatory diseases, demonstrate an increased incidence of cardiovascular manifestations and subclinical atherosclerotic disease. Salusin-alpha is a novel bioactive peptide that suppresses the formation of macrophage foam cells, and its serum level is significantly lower in patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease. The aims of the study were to assess serum salusin-alpha level and its potential association with the predictors of atherosclerosis in SLE and SSc. Material and Methods: The study included 20 SLE and 22 SSc patients and 23 healthy controls (HC). All of the participants were female. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-6 and salusin-alpha levels, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were determined. Results: Salusin-alpha levels were lower and the IMTs were higher in the SLE and SSc groups than in the HC group. The salusin-alpha level was correlated with neither the disease activity scores nor cytokine levels and IMT in the SLE and SSc groups, although it was correlated with triglyceride level in the SLE group (r=-0.564, p=0.012), and with HOMA-IR index in the HC group (r=0.485, p=0.019). Conclusion: The present preliminary study may support the idea that SSc leads to subclinical atherosclerosis, as in SLE. Moreover, it can be concluded that the decreased salusin-a levels in SLE and SSc may contribute to subclinical atherosclerosis. However, further studies with larger sample size are needed to demonstrate this contribution in SLE and SSc.