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Öğe 8 Melatonin, quercetin and resveratrol attenuates oxidative hepatocellular injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats(Sage Publications Ltd, 2015) Elbe, H.; Esrefoglu, M.; Vardi, N.; Taslidere, E.; Ozerol, E.; Tanbek, K.In this study, effects of melatonin, quercetin and resveratrol on hepatocellular injury in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced experimental diabetes were aimed to be investigated by histological and biochemical methods. Thirty-five male Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups, namely, control, diabetes (STZ 45 mg/kg/single dose/intraperitoneally (ip)), diabetes + melatonin (10 mg/kg/30 days/ip), diabetes + quercetin (25 mg/kg/30 days/ip) and diabetes + resveratrol (10 mg/kg/30 days/ip). Initial and final blood glucose levels and body weights (BWs) were measured. At the end of the experimentation, following routine tissue processing procedure, sections were stained with haematoxylin-eosin (H-E), periodic acid Schiff and Masson's trichrome. Tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were examined. The diabetic rats had significantly higher blood glucose levels than those of control rats (p = 0.0001). Mean BWs of diabetic rats were significantly decreased when compared with the control rats (p = 0.0013). Histopathological alterations including cellular glycogen depletion, congestion, sinusoidal dilatation, inflammation and fibrosis were detected in diabetes group. On the other hand, histopathological changes markedly reduced in all of the treatment groups (p = 0.001). Mean tissue MDA level was increased but mean tissue CAT and SOD activities and GSH levels were decreased in the diabetes group. Melatonin, quercetin and resveratrol administered diabetic rats showed an increase in CAT activities and GSH levels and a decrease in MDA levels (p < 0.05, for all). Melatonin, quercetin and resveratrol administrations markedly reduced hepatocellular injury in STZ-induced experimental diabetes.Öğe Amelioration of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy by melatonin, quercetin, and resveratrol in rats(Sage Publications Ltd, 2015) Elbe, H.; Vardi, N.; Esrefoglu, M.; Ates, B.; Yologlu, S.; Taskapan, C.The role of oxygen radicals are known for the pathogenesis of kidney damage. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidative effects of melatonin, quercetin, and resveratrol on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. A total of 35 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups as follows: control, diabetes mellitus (DM), DM + melatonin, DM + quercetin, and DM + resveratrol. All the injections started on the same day of single-dose STZ injection and continued for 30 days. At the end of this period, kidneys were removed and processed for routine histological procedures. Biochemical parameters and morphological changes were examined. In DM group, blood glucose levels were significantly increased, whereas body weights were decreased compared with the control group. Significant increases in blood urea nitrogen and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decreases in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were detected in DM group. Administration of melatonin, quercetin, and resveratrol significantly reduced these values. Melatonin was more efficient in reducing MDA levels than other antioxidants (p < 0.05). STZ-induced histopathological alterations including epithelial desquamation, swelling, intracytoplasmic vacuolization, brush border loss and peritubular infiltration. Additionally, basement membrane thickening and sclerotic changes were observed in glomerulus. Transforming growth factor-1 positive cells were also increased. Melatonin, quercetin, and resveratrol significantly reduced these histopathological changes. Our results indicate that melatonin, quercetin, and resveratrol might be helpful in reducing diabetes-induced renal damageÖğe Combined usage of estrogen and melatonin restores bladder contractility and reduces kidney and bladder damage in ovariectomized and pinealectomized rats(Comenius Univ, 2014) Tasdemir, S.; Tasdemir, C.; Vardi, N.; Parlakpinar, H.; Aglamis, E.; Ates, B.; Sagir, M.Objective: The incidence of urinary bladder disturbances and renal structural changes and functional decline are found to increase with age. Methods: We investigated the effect of melatonin treatment in addition to estrogen replacement therapy in pine-alectomized (Px) and ovariectomized (Ovx) rats. 56 female Wistar rats were divided into seven groups, each containing eight animals: Sham, (Ovx), (Px), Px+Ovx, Px+Ovx receiving estrogen (Px+Ovx+E), Px+Ovx receiving melatonin (Px+Ovx+M) and Px+Ovx estrogen and melatonin supplemented (Px+Ovx+EM) group (EM group). We evaluated reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The mean collagen fiber (CF)/smooth muscle (SM) ratio in the bladder wall and structure of the kidney were examined histolologically. We aleso recorded response of the bladder contractility to acetylcholine (Ach). Results: Px and Ovx groups showed statistically significant reductions of antioxidant defenses, impaired Ach-evoked contraction, histological changes compared with the control group. Also, these changes were prominent in Px+Ovx group compared with all other groups. Both estrogen and melatonin reversed these changes however best restoration was observed in the EM group. Conclusions: Px performed in addition to Ovx led to a distinct increase in oxidative damage in bladder and renal tissue and deteriorate of the detrussor function. Either estradiol or melatonin replacement alone or in combination prevents significant alterations of tissue histology and bladder contractility following Ovx and Px. Thus, combination treatment appears to be the best method to restore both contractility and histomorphology of bladder and kidney tissues after Ovx and Px (Tab. 3, Fig. 4, Ref. 44). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.Öğe Dexpanthenol reduces diabetic nephropathy and renal oxidative stress in rats(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019) Tutun, B.; Elbe, H.; Vardi, N.; Parlakpinar, H.; Polat, A.; Gunaltili, M.; Guclu, M. M.Hyperglycemia increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the resulting oxidative stress contributes to the development of diabetic complications. Dexpanthenol (Dxp) is the biological active form of pantothenic acid. We investigated whether Dxp administration could decrease oxidative stress as a way to treat renal complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Thirty-two male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: control, Dxp, DM and DM + Dxp. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ). After administration of STZ, the DM + Dxp group was administered 500 mg/kg Dxp intraperitoneally every day for 6 weeks. At the end of the study, blood glucose levels were measured and rats were sacrificed. Kidneys were embedded in paraffin, sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and periodic acid-Schiff. The mean malondialdehyde levels, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, and total antioxidant and total oxidant status also were measured. The control group was normal in histological appearance. We observed congestion, inflammation, glomerulosclerosis, tubular desquamation, loss of villi and hydropic degeneration in tubule cells in the DM group. Indicators of oxidative stress were elevated and antioxidant activity was reduced in the DM group compared to controls. In the DM + Dxp group, oxidative stress was decreased, antioxidant activity was increased and histopathological changes were reduced compared to the DM group. We found that Dxp exhibited ameliorative effects on STZ induced diabetic nephropathy by increasing antioxidant activity.Öğe Dexpanthenol'ün iskemi-reperfüzyonun neden olduğu karaciğer hasarına koruyucu etkisi(2018) Ucar, M.; Aydogan, MS; Vardi, N.; Parlakpınar, H.Objective. We aimed to investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of dexpanthenol (DXP) on liver injuries induced by ischemia-reperfusion (IR) in an in vivo rat model. Methods. Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups (n = 8 in each group: Sham, IR, DXP, and DXP+IR. DXP (500 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered for 30 min before 60 min of ischemia, followed by 60 min of reperfusion to rats in the DXP and DXP+IR groups. All rats were euthanized on day 10 to evaluate immunohistopathological changes as well as tissue levels of oxidants and antioxidants. Results. IR decreased total glutathione (tGSH) levels in IR group when compared to the Sham group. DXP supplementation to IR group significantly ameliorated tGSH levels (P < .05). IR also elevated myeloperoxidase production compared to the Sham group, whereas DXP treatment prevented these hazardous effects. However, plasma superoxidedismutase, catalase, and malondialdehyde levels did not differ between the DXP+IR than the IR rats. Histologic tissue damage was reduced in the DXP and DXP+IR group. Conclusion. Liver IR is an inevitable problem during liver surgery. Our results suggested that DXP pretreatment suppressed oxidative stress and increased antioxidant levels in a rat model of liver IR.Öğe The effect of angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist treatment on doxorubicin induced heart failure(Oxford Univ Press, 2016) Ermis, N.; Ozhan, O.; Ulutas, Z.; Vardi, N.; Colak, C.; Parlakpinar, H.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The effect of melatonin on acetylsalicylic acid-induced kidney and testis damage(Sage Publications Ltd, 2014) Altintas, R.; Polat, A.; Parlakpinar, H.; Vardi, N.; Beytur, A.; Oguz, F.; Sagir, M.The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effect of high-dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on kidney and testis, and the potential protective and therapeutic effects of melatonin on ASA-related pathology. A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into the following 5 groups (n = 8): group 1: control, not given any drug; group 2: only 200 mg/kg ASA was given; group 3: 5 mg/kg melatonin was given 45 min before administering 200 mg/kg ASA; group 4: 5 mg/kg melatonin was given 45 min after administering 200 mg/kg ASA; and group 5: only 5 mg/kg melatonin was given. The histopathological changes and the biochemical findings; such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), reduced glutathione (GSH), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) as well as serum creatinine (Cr) levels were evaluated. ASA significantly increased MDA levels in both kidney and testis, whereas it significantly decreased the values of SOD, CAT, GPX, and GSH in kidney and CAT levels in testis. Melatonin significantly decreased MDA levels in kidney and ameliorated it in testis, whereas it caused elevation in the levels of antioxidants. BUN and Cr levels were higher after ASA, whereas these levels were diminished after melatonin administration. The improvement obtained by melatonin on ASA-induced histological alterations was more prominent when it was used after ASA in kidney and before ASA in testis. In this study, we demonstrated the beneficial effect of melatonin on high-dose ASA-related pathology of kidney and testis for the first time.Öğe Effects of agomelatine on rat liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Kose, A.; Ozhan, O.; Parlakpinar, H.; Vardi, N.; Yildiz, A.; Turkoz, Y.; Erdemli, Z.Primary or metastatic hepatic malignancies are common. Partial hepatectomy (PH) is the primary treatment for both benign and malignant hepatic neoplasms; it also is used for living donor liver transplantation. The regenerative potential of the liver after PH is 70-80% in humans. We investigated the protective and therapeutic effects of agomelatine (AGM) on rat liver regeneration following PH. We used 32 rats distributed equally into four groups: group 1, sham control; group 2, PH group; group 3, administered 20 mg/kg AGM orally once/day for 7 days following PH; group 4, administered 20 mg/kg AGM orally once/day 3 days before and 7 days following PH for 10 days. Liver samples were analyzed for antioxidants and free radicals. Tissue samples were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin to assess histopathological status and stained immunohistochemically for Ki-67. We found that PH reduced antioxidant enzymes and increased tissue reactive oxygen species, whereas AGM treatment had the opposite effect on these parameters. Our biochemical and histopathological findings were consistent. PH caused sinusoid congestion and dilation. Intensity of Ki-67 immunostaining of hepatocytes was increased in group 2, whereas these were reduced in group 4. Intensity of Ki-67 immunostaining of hepatocytes was increased in group 2, whereas it was reduced in the group 4 compared to group 1. We found that AGM was hepatoprotective following PH due to its antioxidant and free radical scavenger properties.Öğe The effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on streptozotocin-induced diabetic liver injury(Comenius Univ, 2016) Taslidere, E.; Gul, M.; Elbe, H.; Cetin, A.; Vardi, N.; Ozyalin, F.; Turkoz, Y.The aim of the present study was to clarify the role of oxidative stress in streptozotocin induced liver injury and the possible protective effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) using histological and biochemical parameters. 32 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups as follows: Group 1: Control animals, Group 2: Control animals given CAPE Group 3: STZ-induced diabetic animals (DM group), Group 4: STZ-induced diabetic rats given CAPE (DM+CAPE group). All the injections started on the same day of single-dose STZ injection and continued for 20 days. At the end of this period, livers were removed and processed for routine histological procedures. Biochemical parameters and morphological changes were examined. In DM group, blood glucose levels were significantly increased compared with the control group. Significant increases in tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) level and decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total glutathione (GSH) activities were detected in DM group. Administration of CAPE significantly reduced these values. STZ-induced histopathological alterations including inflammatory cell infiltration around portal triad, congestion, loss of glycogen in the hepatocytes. Additionally, degenerative cellular alterations, such as numerous vacuolizations including myelinic figure formation, pyknotic nuclei with peripheral localization of heterochromatin condensation and mitochondria! elongation were observed in cytoplasm of hepatocytes. CAPE significantly reduced these histopathological changes. Our results indicate that CAPE should be considered in the prevention of oxidative stress in diabetic liver (Tab. 3, Fig. 4, Ref. 47). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.Öğe Effects of diode laser irradiation on dental pulps in rats(Comenius Univ, 2020) Guler, C.; Alan, H.; Demir, P.; Vardi, N.OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of different power densities of diode laser on dental pulps in rats. BACKGROUND: In this study, we used the maxillary central incisors (n= 80) of the 40 adult male Wistar albino rats. METHODS: Rats were randomly divided into four groups according to power densities of diode laser (n= 10). Histopathological changes in pulp and height of odontoblast layer were examined. All data were compared statistically using Mann.Whitney U (Bonferroni) test, p< 0.05. RESULTS: G2 displayed slight histolopathologic alterations such as odontoblast cell disorganization and irregularities in cell extensions. Alterations were more prominent in the G3 than G2. Although the lowest odontoblast layer was measured in the G4, the difference in height of odontoblast layer among the groups was not found to be statistically significant. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the use of diode laser caused changes at the cellular level in histological examination and may induce the formation of tertiary dentin by influencing the secretory activity of odontoblasts. As long as used in accordance with the recommended procedure, the diode laser can be safely used in dental hard tissues (Tab. 1, Fig. 4, Ref. 15). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.Öğe Effects of melatonin on acetylsalicylic acid induced gastroduodenal and jejunal mucosal injury(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018) Taslidere, E.; Vardi, N.; Parlakpinar, H.; Yildiz, A.; Taslidere, B.; Karaaslan, M. G.We evaluated the effects of melatonin on acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) induced gastroduodenal and jejunal mucosal injury. We used 40 postpubertal rats divided randomly into five groups of eight animals. The control group consisted of untreated animals. The Mel group was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 5mg/kg melatonin. The ASA group was injected i.p. with 200mg/kg ASA. The ASA + Mel group was injected i.p. with 5mg/kg melatonin 45min after administering 200mg/kg ASA i.p. The Mel + ASA group was injected i.p. with 5mg/kg melatonin 45min before administering 200mg/kg ASA i.p. We found no statistically significant differences in mean histopathological scores in the ASA + Mel group compared to the ASA group. ASA caused shortened villi and loss of the apical villus in the duodenum. The histopathological score was increased and villus height was decreased in the ASA group compared to untreated controls. Treatment with melatonin attenuated the histological damage. In the ASA group, occasional areas showed erosion of villi in the jejunum; however, differences in mean histopathological score in ASA group compared to the other groups were not statistically significant. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were measured in stomach, duodenal and jejunum tissue. We found increased MDA activity in both stomach and duodenal tissues in the ASA group compared to the control group (p<0.05). We found no statistically significant changes in MDA levels in jejunal tissue in the ASA group compared to the control group. We found no change in SOD activity in either stomach or duodenal tissues in the ASA group compared to the control group. We observed decreased SOD activity in jejunal tissue in the ASA group compared to the control group (p<0.05). We detected no change in GSH activity in stomach, duodenal or jejunal tissues in the ASA group compared to the control group. The stomach damage was less in melatonin treated groups, but the lesions were not completely eliminated. The jejunum in the ASA group retained a nearly normal appearance. We found that melatonin exhibited some healing effects on ASA induced duodenal mucosal injury.Öğe Effects of Molsidomine against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats(Karger, 2013) Disli, O. M.; Sarihan, E.; Colak, M. C.; Vardi, N.; Polat, A.; Yagmur, J.; Tamtekin, B.Purpose: To explore the protective and curative effects of molsidomine (MOL) on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiac damage in the in vivo rat heart. Methods: Forty rats were randomized into five groups (n = 8): (1) the control group; (2) the MOL group (10 mg/kg for 21 days); (3) the DOX group (a single dose of 20 mg/kg); (4) the DOX + MOL group (3 days after the single dose of DOX, 10 mg/kg MOL continued for 21 days), and (5) the MOL + DOX group (24 h after a 21-day regimen of 10 mg/kg MOL, a single dose of DOX). The rats were monitored for mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, O-2 saturation, and electrocardiography. Heart tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and nitric oxide (NO) were determined. Results: Blood pressure and O-2 saturation values indicated a significant decrease in the DOX group compared with the control group. T negativity was observed in 4 of 8 rats in the DOX group, in 1 of 8 rats in the DOX + MOL group, and in 4 of 8 rats in the MOL + DOX group. MDA levels were significantly higher in the DOX group. SOD, GSH, and NO levels were significantly lower in the DOX group compared with the other groups. There was no statistically significant difference in the CAT levels in any of the study groups compared with controls. DOX treatment induced morphological alterations, such as disorganization of cardiomyocytes, loss of myofibrils, and cytoplasmic vacuolization in the heart. On the other hand, histological damage was significantly reduced in the DOX + MOL and MOL + DOX groups. Conclusion: This study implies that there are cardioprotective effects of MOL on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. (C) 2013 S. Karger AG, BaselÖğe Effects of molsidomine on retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rabbits(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018) Polat, N.; Ozer, M. A.; Parlakpinar, H.; Vardi, N.; Aksungur, Z.; Ozhan, O.; Yildiz, A.We investigated the effect of molsidomine (MOL) on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Rabbits were assigned to four groups: group 1, sham; group 2, I/R; group 3, MOL treatment for 4days after I/R; group 4, MOL treatment for 1 day before I/R and 3days after I/R. Retinal I/R was produced by elevating the intraocular pressure to 150mm Hg for 60min. Seven days after I/R, the eyes were enucleated. Retinal changes were examined using histochemistry. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) also were measured. We found a significant increase in the thickness of the outer nuclear layer of group 3 compared to the other groups. In groups 3 and 4, caspase-3 stained cells in the ganglion cell layer were decreased compared to group 2. We found a significant increase in caspase-3 stained cells in the inner nuclear layer (INL) of group 2 compared to the other groups. We found a significant increase in caspase-3 stained cells in group 3 compared to group 4 in the INL. The MDA level in group 2 was significantly higher than group 1 and MOL significantly decreased MDA levels in groups 3 and 4. We found that MOL protected the retina from I/R injury by enhancing antioxidative effects and inhibiting apoptosis of retinal cells.Öğe The effects of montelukast against amikacin-induced acute renal damage(Verduci Publisher, 2012) Kose, E.; Beytur, A.; Dogan, Z.; Ekincioglu, Z.; Vardi, N.; Cinar, K.; Turkoz, Y.Background and Objectives: The therapeutic and protective effects of montelukast against amikacin-induced acute renal damage were investigated. Material and Methods: 35 Wistar albino female rats were divided into 5 groups as follows: Group I: Control; Group II: Control+montelukast; Group III: Amikacin; Group IV: Amikacin+montelukast; Group V: Montelukast+amikacin. At the end of the experiment, the kidney tissues and the blood of rats were collected. Malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were determined from kidney tissues. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), TNF-alpha, and IL-1 beta levels were assessed in the serum. In addition the kidney tissues were examined histologically. Results and Discussion: The MDA, MPO, BUN, and Cr levels of group III significantly increased when compared to groups I and II. These parameters of group IV decreased when compared to group III. In addition, GSH levels significantly increased when compared to the first three groups. MDA, BUN and Cr levels of group V did not reach significant level in comparison with the control group. The most significant histological damage was observed in the group III followed by the groups IV and V. Immunohistochemically, group III showed a significantly increased apoptotic staining. In group IV, it was observed that montelukast treatment reduced the expression of apoptotic cells. Conclusions: Montelukast treatment after amikacin injection could reduce the amikacin-induced kidney damage.Öğe Effects of Organic Apricot on Liver Regeneration After Partial Hepatectomy in Rats(Elsevier Science Inc, 2013) Yilmaz, I.; Karaman, A.; Vardi, N.; Cetin, A.; Erdemli, E.Background. The present study investigated the effects of (sun-dried organic apricot/SDOA) supplementation in chow on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy/(PH) in rats. Method. In this study, 28 female rats were randomized into four groups. On the 7th day of the study, group 1 underwent laparoscopic intervention while a PH was performed on the other three cohorts. On day 28, all rats were humanely killed. Blood and liver tissue samples were subjected to biochemical determinations, histological examinations, and measurement of tissue oxidative stress enzyme activity. Results. Serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and liver tissue glutathione (GSH) activities were affected by PH and/or SDOA consumption (P < .05). Moderately staining cell counts in group 4 were significantly different from the other three groups (P < .05). However, no significant differences were detected among all groups in regard to aspartate aminotransferase (AST) serum levels or liver tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) or glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx) activities (P < .05). Conclusion. The 5% SDOA supplementation over a 21-day feeding period showed a beneficial effect on liver regeneration in rats, as reflects by Ki-67 finding although there was no change in ALT or ALP or in liver tissue GSH activity.Öğe The effects of pentoxifylline and caffeic acid phenethyl ester in the treatment of d-galactosamine-induced acute hepatitis in rats(Sage Publications Ltd, 2016) Taslidere, E.; Vardi, N.; Esrefoglu, M.; Ates, B.; Taskapan, C.; Yologlu, S.The aim of this study was to investigate histological changes in hepatic tissue and effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on these changes using histochemical and biochemical methods in rats, in which hepatitis was established by d-galactosamine (d-GAL). Rats were divided into five groups as follows: control group, d-GAL (24 h) group, d-GAL group, d-GAL + PTX group, and d-GAL + CAPE group. In histological evaluations, the control group showed normal appearance of the liver cells. However in the d-GAL groups, focal areas consisting of inflammatory, necrotic, and apoptotic cells were detected in parenchyma. Glycogen loss was observed in the hepatocytes localized at the periphery of lobule. It was found that number of mast cells of portal areas were significantly higher in d-GAL groups compared with other groups (p = 0.0001). In addition, the number of cells with positive staining by Ki-67 and caspase-3 were significantly increased in GAL groups compared with the control group (p = 0.0001). In biochemical analysis, there was an increase in malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase levels, while a decrease was observed in glutathione level and glutathione peroxidase activity in groups treated with d-GAL compared with the control group. On the other hand, it was seen that, in the groups treated with d-GAL, histological and biochemical injuries in the liver were reduced by administration of PTX and CAPE. In this study, we demonstrated the ameliorative effects of PTX and CAPE on d-GAL-induced liver injury.Öğe Effects of various conditions related to circadian rhythm disturbances on plasma and erythrocyte lipids: a peroxisomal perspective(Wiley, 2021) Otlu, H. G.; Ugur, Y.; Yildiz, A.; Erdogan, S.; Yologlu, S.; Vardi, N.; Guldur, T.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Evaluation of the effects of ozone therapy on Escherichia coli-induced cytitis in rat(Springer London Ltd, 2013) Tasdemir, C.; Tasdemir, S.; Vardi, N.; Ates, B.; Onal, Y.; Erdogan, S.; Yucel, A.The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of ozone on oxidative/nitrosative stress and bladder injury caused by Escherichia coli in rat bladder. Twenty-one Wistar-Albino-type female rats included in the study were divided into three groups of equal number: (1) sham operation (control), (2) E. coli-only (EC), (3) EC + ozone. After ozone therapy for 3 days, urine and tissue samples were obtained for biochemical, microbiological, and histopathological analysis. Tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and nitric oxide (NO) level were increased, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was decreased in the EC group. MDA, MPO, and NO levels were decreased, whereas SOD, GPx activity was increased in the ozone-treated group. Also, there was no bacterial translocation in this group. The results of the present study suggest that ozone may be used as an agent to protect the bladder from oxidative/nitrosative stress occurring in cystitis.Öğe Harmful Effects of Formaldehyde and Possible Protective Effect of Nigella sativa on the Trachea of Rats(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2017) Sapmaz, E.; Sapmaz, H. I.; Vardi, N.; Tas, U.; Sarsilmaz, M.; Toplu, Y.; Arici, A.Objective: We aimed in this study to investigate the harmful effects of formaldehyde (FA) inhalation and possible protective effects of Nigella sativa (NS) on rats' trachea. Materials and Methods: In this study, 63 adult male rats were used. Animals were divided into nine groups. Group I was used as control group. All other groups were exposed to FA inhalation. Group III, V, VII, and IX were administered NS by gavage. Tissues were examined histologically, and immunohistochemical examination for Bax and caspase-3 immunoreactivity was carried out. Results: Our study demonstrated that FA caused apoptosis in the tracheal epithelial cells. The most apoptotic activity occurred at a 10 ppm dose in a 13-week exposure. Distortion of tracheal epithelium and cilia loss on epithelial surface was present in all groups. However, NS treated Groups VII and IX had decreased apoptotic activity and lymphoid infiltration and protected the epithelial structure, despite some shedded areas. Difference of tracheal epithelial thickness and histological score was statistically significant between Group VI-VII and VIII-IX. Conclusion: FA induces apoptosis and tracheal epithelial damage in rats, and chronic administration of NS can be used to prevent FA-induced apoptosis and epithelial damage.Öğe INVESTIGATING EFFECTS OF GRAPE SEED EXTRACT ON NEUROPATHIC PAIN IN THE STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC MICE(Dnipropetrovsk State Medical Acad, 2019) Yurt, A.; Koksal, B.; Gurbuz, P.; Yildiz, A.; Vardi, N.; Alcin, E.Diabetes mellitus is a complicated and serious health problem involving peripheral neuropathy. This situation causes to loss of senses, tingle and pain. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) affects 236 million people around the World. Hence there is a need to investigate alternative ways of cure focusing on DPN. Flavonoids have potential on pain due to their permeability characteristic in the capillary microcirculation system and in lowering blood pressure. Flavonoids are common in grape seed. The main flavonoids of grape seed involve proanthocyanidins which might be an effective agent in cure of pain in DPN. The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of grape seed extract on neuropathic pain in the Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. In the study, 50 eight-week old BALB-C strain mice in five different groups (Control, Diabetic Control, Control+25 mg/kg, Diabetes+25 mg/kg and Diabetes+50 mg/kg) were used. To induce diabetes in thirty of these animals, single dose Streptozotocin (180 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally. After diabetes was observed, grape seed extract (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg body weight) was administered by oral gavage in three groups (Control+25 mg/kg, Diabetes+25 mg/kg and Diabetes+50 mg/kg) during six weeks. At the end of the second and sixth weeks, pain threshold measurements in hot plate test were performed in line with a predetermined thermal pain model. Also the tissues of the sciatic nerve and abdominal aorta from the animals were histologically investigated. As a result hot plate measurements, pain threshold values of the animals in Diabetes+50mg/kg group significantly differed from the measurements of the animals in control group in the first measurements and from the animals in Diabetes+25 mg/kg group in the second measurements (p<0.05). However pain threshold values of the animals in Diabetes+25 mg/kg group differed significantly from the values of the animals in control+25 mg/kg group and control group. It means pain threshold values of the animals in Diabetes+50 mg/kg and Diabetes+25 mg/kg groups were significantly lower than the values of the animals in the other groups. The results of histological investigations showed that degenerations of myelin sheet and axons in diabetic control group were decreased significantly in Diabetes+50 mg/kg and Diabetes+25 mg/kg groups. Moreover degenerations of aorta tissues of animals in diabetic group were not seen in the animals of Diabetes+50 mg/kg except for tunica adventitia inflammation. It can be said that grape seed extract decreased threshold of neuropathic pain in the Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and prevented degenerations of myelin sheet and axons, and aorta tissues.
