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    Investigating text neck syndrome and duration of mobile phone use, muscle activity, hand grip strength, posture, and disability
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2026) Yasaci, Zeynal; Zirek, Emrah; Mustafaoglu, Rustem; Ozdincler, Arzu Razak
    Neck and shoulder musculoskeletal symptoms related to smartphone use are becoming increasingly prevalent, yet the underlying mechanisms including smartphone usage duration, muscle activity, hand grip strength, posture, and disability remain incompletely understood. This study examined the interaction between text-neck syndrome and factors such as smartphone usage duration, muscle activity, hand grip strength, posture, and disability. Forty participants (Text Neck group: n = 18; 14 females or Control group: n = 22; 15 females) underwent neuromuscular assessment. Surface electromyography measured bilateral muscle activity in the upper trapezius (UT) and abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscles during smartphone use. Secondary outcomes included the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to assess pain intensity, hand grip strength, New York Posture Rating Scale (NYPRS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. The Text Neck group demonstrated significantly higher smartphone use (p < 0.001), higher texting time (p = 0.006), and lower muscle activation at activity in the dominant APB (p = 0.011), dominant UT (p < 0.001), and non-dominant UT (p = 0.008). These findings provide novel insights into how excessive smartphone use alters muscle function and postural alignment in individuals with text-neck syndrome. Understanding these mechanisms may inform targeted prevention and rehabilitation strategies to mitigate musculoskeletal risk associated with modern technology use.
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    Less Time, Same Insight? Evaluating Short Functional Tests as Substitutes for the Six-Minute Walk Test and the Reliability and Validity of the 2MWT, 3MWT, and 1MSTS in Bariatric Surgery Candidates with Obesity
    (Mdpi, 2025) Turan, Hamdiye; Yasaci, Zeynal; Elkan, Hasan
    Background and Objectives: Functional capacity assessment is essential in bariatric surgery candidates, but the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) may be limited by fatigue, joint pain, and spatial constraints in individuals with severe obesity. Shorter tests such as the Two-Minute Walk Test (2MWT), Three-Minute Walk Test (3MWT), and One-Minute Sit-to-Stand Test (1MSTS) have been proposed as alternatives, yet comparative data in this population remain scarce. We aimed to evaluate the validity, reliability, and clinical utility of the 2MWT, 3MWT, and 1MSTS as substitutes for the 6MWT in patients preparing for bariatric surgery. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 142 obese adults (BMI >= 30 kg/m(2)) underwent standardized 2MWT, 3MWT, 6MWT, and 1MSTS protocols. Correlation, linear regression, test-retest reliability (ICC), and ROC analyses were used to determine each test's correlation and discriminative accuracy for impaired exercise tolerance (6MWT < 450 m). Results: The 3MWT showed the strongest correlation with the 6MWT (r = 0.930) and the highest explained variance (R-2 = 0.865), especially in individuals with BMI > 50. It also exhibited excellent reliability (ICC > 0.9) and a strong ROC profile (AUC = 0.931; 212 m cut-off). The 2MWT demonstrated acceptable concurrent validity but slightly lower agreement. The 1MSTS showed weak and inconsistent associations with 6MWT performance, suggesting limited value in assessing aerobic capacity in this population. Conclusions: The 3MWT appears to be a valid, reliable, and clinically practical alternative to the 6MWT in individuals with severe obesity. The 2MWT may be used when time or patient tolerance is limited. The 1MSTS, while safe and simple, may reflect strength and coordination more than aerobic capacity, limiting its utility in this context.
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    Reliability and Validity of the Duke Activity Status Index in Bariatric Surgery Individuals Living with Obesity: Insights into Prognostic Value
    (Springer, 2025) Turan, Hamdiye; Yasaci, Zeynal; Elkan, Hasan
    Background Obesity is a global health issue that complicates surgical outcomes, particularly in bariatric/metabolic surgery candidates. Assessing functional capacity is critical for optimizing preoperative planning and postoperative care. The Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) is a simple, self-administered questionnaire that estimates functional capacity based on daily activities. This study evaluates the reliability and clinical applicability of the DASI as an alternative to the 6-min walk test (6-MWT) for bariatric/metabolic surgery individuals living with obesity. Methods This cross-sectional study included 126 individuals who are candidates for bariatric/metabolic surgery. Participants completed the DASI and 6-MWT. Test-retest reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and validity was evaluated through correlations with 6-MWT results. The agreement was measured using the standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change (MDC). Results The DASI demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.86) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96-0.98). A strong correlation was observed between DASI and 6-MWT scores (r = 0.603; p < 0.001). ROC analysis showed an optimal cut-off score of 24.1 (AUC = 0.836), with 72.2% sensitivity and 74.1% specificity. The SEM and MDC values were 2.36 and 6.54 points, respectively. Conclusions The DASI is a reliable, accessible tool for bariatric surgeons to assess functional capacity in candidates for bariatric/metabolic surgery. Its simplicity, strong correlation with performance-based measures, and minimal resource requirements make it ideal for preoperative evaluations, particularly in resource-limited settings.
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    Virtual recovery: efficacy of telerehabilitation on dyspnea, pain, and functional capacity in post-COVID-19 syndrome
    (Springer London Ltd, 2025) Yasaci, Zeynal; Mustafaoglu, Rustem; Ozgur, Ozlem; Kuveloglu, Berna; Esen, Yasemin; Ozmen, Ozge; Yalcinkaya, Ebru Yilmaz
    BackgroundPost-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) causes persistent symptoms that impair quality of life, and telerehabilitation (TR) provides an effective remote alternative for addressing these challenges.AimThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of a TR-based exercise program on dyspnea, pain intensity, and functional capacity in individuals with PCS.DesignSixty PCS patients were randomized into a telerehabilitation group (TG, n = 32) or a control group (CG, n = 28). The TG received supervised TR sessions twice a week for 6 weeks, while the CG performed unsupervised home exercises. Assessments were conducted at the baseline and the end of 6 weeks.ResultsTG showed significantly greater improvements compared to CG. mMRC decreased by 1.16 (95% CI, 0.93-1.38) vs. 0.36 (95% CI, 0.17-0.55), NPRS by 1.44 (95% CI, 0.95-1.92) vs. 0.6 (95% CI, 0.28-0.93), and 5-TST improved by 6.8 s (95% CI, 5.59-8.01) vs. 2.12 s (95% CI, 1.08-3.17). Significant differences were also observed for PSQI (p = 0.018) and HADS-anxiety (p = 0.001).ConclusionsA TR-based exercise program significantly reduced dyspnea and pain intensity while improving functional capacity in PCS patients, making it an effective alternative to unsupervised exercise regimens.Trial registrationThis study is prospectively registered at NCT05381675 (clinicaltrials.gov).