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    Co-liquefaction of Yataan lignite and waste tire under catalytic conditions. Part 1. Effect of fresh tetraline and recycled tetraline on the conversion
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2018) Koyunoglu, Cemil; Eksioglu, Oktay; Yildirim, Onur; Karaca, Huseyin
    In this study, the effect of solvent type and the solvent/solid ratio on the liquefaction of Mula-Yatagan lignite (YL) combined with waste tire (WT) under catalytic conditions investigated. Liquefaction experiments carried out the following conditions, a reaction temperature of 400 degrees C, a catalyst concentration of 3%, solvent/solid ratio from 1/1 to 9/1, reaction time of 90 min, lignite/waste ratio of 1/1. In addition, mixing speed was 400 rpm, and the nitrogen gas pressure fixed at 30 bar. After the each of liquefaction experiments finished, the soluble products (SP) classified as preasphaltene (PAS), asphaltene (AS) and oil+gas (OG), by solvent extraction. Due to the optimum total conversion determined, fresh tetraline obtained as the most favorable solvent with 71.71%, for the liquefaction of YL with WT. However, the total conversion for recycling tetraline is 68.6%. According to the results, co-liquefaction of YL combined with WT using recycle solvent is the one way to offer, alternatively of using crude oil, producing SP for not crude oil, producing SP for not only fuel-oil production but also prefer chemical raw materials. With respect to the optimum oil+gas yield results, the most convenient solvent type and the solvent/solid ratio are the recycled solvent and its 3/1 ratio.