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    Comparison of Visual Field Parameters in Early and Advanced Stages of Multiple Sclerosis Patients Without a History of Optic Neuritis
    (Taylor & Francis As, 2013) Guler, Mete; Turkcuoglu, Peykan; Yilmaz, Turgut; Yoldas, Tahir Kurtulus; Channa, Roomasa
    This study compared the visual field parameters of multiple sclerosis patients without optic neuritis in early versus advanced stage of the disease. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (early stage, n = 14) constituted of patients with Expanded Disability Status Scale scores <3 and group 2 (advanced stage, n = 13) constituted of patients with Expanded Disability Status Scale scores >= 3. Mean visual acuities in both groups were similar (p = 0.674). Mean sensitivity, mean defect, loss of variance, reliability factor parameters (Octopus 101 perimeter) of groups 1 and 2 were 24.17 +/- 3.62, 21.81 +/- 3.04; 4.14 +/- 3.05, 6.49 +/- 2.58; 21.61 +/- 22.17, 33.31 +/- 18.67; and 1.57 +/- 2.79, 2.59 +/- 3.09, respectively. Compared with group 1, mean sensitivity was significantly lower in group 2 (p = 0.013). Mean defect (p = 0.004) and loss of variance (p = 0.042) parameters in group 2 were significantly higher than in group 1. Mean reliability factor was similar between two groups (p = 0.211). Multiple scleorisis may alter visual field parameters without severe loss of visual acuity by possibly involving optic pathways other than optic nerve.
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    Prevalence of restless legs syndrome among medical students and the effect of disease on academic performance
    (2020) Yon, Mehmet Ilker; Akdeniz, Gulsum; Sen, Abdullah Besir; Yoldas, Tahir Kurtulus; Bozkus, Elif
    Aim: To investigate the prevalence of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) and the effect of RLS on academic performance among medical school students. Material and Methods: Second and 3rd grade medical students were included in the study. A total of 171 students were asked to complete the questionnaires. Demographic data and sleep habits of the students were recorded. RLS was diagnosed according to the questionnaire results. The RLS severity and frequency are evaluated according to the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) Questionnaire results. Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores were also noted. Results: RLS was found in 17 (9.9%) of the students. Thirteen of the students with RLS were female (76.5%). The median grade point average (GPA) of students who had RLS (CC [60-64]) was significantly lower than those of other students (BB [70-79]) (p = 0.02). There was no statistically significant difference between the disease severity and GPA of the students with RLS (p = 0.516). The median GPA scores were lower in patients with a higher frequency of complaints (p = 0.045). When the GPA of students with RLS were compared in terms of the of the ESS scores, the median GPA of the students who had excessive daytime sleepiness was significantly lower (p = 0.038).Conclusion: The worse academic performance of the students with RLS was more related with frequency of RLS symptoms rather than severity of symptoms. The cognitive impairment underlying worse academic performance was probably due to insomnia-related chronic sleep deprivation secondary to RLS.