Evaluation of Dual Effect of Sodium Borohydride (NaBH4) as a Reducing and Crosslinking Agent for Development of Novel Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Loaded Chitosan-Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) (CS-PVA) Hydrogels for Wound Healing Activity

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dc.contributor.authorKara, Asli
dc.contributor.authorOzturk, Naile
dc.contributor.authorGultekin, Yakup
dc.contributor.authorDemir, Sevda
dc.contributor.authorSahin, Fikrettin
dc.contributor.authorVural, Imran
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:35:18Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:35:18Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractPurpose Hydrogels are three-dimensional, crosslinked polymeric systems with high hydrophilicity and biocompatibility, making them ideal materials for wound healing applications. In this study, a silver nanoparticle (AgNP)-loaded chitosan-poly (vinyl alcohol) (CS-PVA) hydrogel was developed using a novel, simple, and cost-effective approach. In this approach, sodium borohydride (NaBH4) simultaneously acts as a reducing agent for AgNP synthesis and as a physical crosslinking agent for hydrogel formation. Methods AgNPs were synthesized via NaBH4-mediated reduction and characterized by dynamic light scattering and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The resulting hydrogels were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDS) spectroscopy, swelling, porosity and mechanical test. In vitro biocompatibility and wound healing potential were assessed using cell viability assays and a scratch wound assay. Results Among all formulations, M30, an AgNP-loaded CS-PVA hydrogel, prepared with medium molecular weight (MMW) chitosan and 30 mL of AgNP suspension, had the best overall performance with the highest swelling degree, favorable mechanical performance. It maintained cell viability above 80% at 24 and 48 h, and showed the greatest wound closure rate, even at low AgNP concentration. Conclusion The results demonstrate that AgNP-loaded CS-PVA hydrogels prepared using NaBH4 as a dual-function agent exhibit promising biocompatibility and wound healing potential even at low AgNP content. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate the dual functionality of NaBH4 in a single-step approach as both a reducing and physical crosslinking agent, providing a simple and promising strategy for the development of next-generation wound dressing materials without need for additional chemical crosslinkers.
dc.description.sponsorshipHitit University
dc.description.sponsorshipOpen access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUB & Idot;TAK).
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s12247-026-10500-6
dc.identifier.issn1872-5120
dc.identifier.issn1939-8042
dc.identifier.issue3
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12247-026-10500-6
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/109771
dc.identifier.volume21
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001714336100003
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Pharmaceutical Innovation
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectHydrogel
dc.subjectSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs)
dc.subjectSodium borohydride (NaBH4)
dc.subjectin vitro scratch wound healing
dc.subjectCell viability
dc.titleEvaluation of Dual Effect of Sodium Borohydride (NaBH4) as a Reducing and Crosslinking Agent for Development of Novel Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Loaded Chitosan-Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) (CS-PVA) Hydrogels for Wound Healing Activity
dc.typeArticle

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