Tek Parti Döneminde CHP’de Bir Parti İçi Demokrasi “Denemesi”: 1939 Seçimleri ve İkinci Seçmenlerle “İstişare”
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2017
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Cumhuriyet Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Öz:Cumhuriyet'in ilanından 1945'e kadar Türkiye'de Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi'nin iktidarı altında bir tek parti yönetimi yaşanmıştır. Bu dönemde partide neredeyse tüm kararlar Genel Başkan Atatürk ve sonrasında İnönü'nün başkanlığındaki bir çekirdek kadro tarafından alınmıştır. Genel başkanla beraber genel başkan vekili ve genel sekreterin de içinde bulunduğu bu çekirdek kadronun belirleyici olma hali özellikle seçim dönemlerinde milletvekillerinin tespitinde çok daha belirgin biçimde görülmüştür. Türkiye'de milletvekilleri 1939 seçimlerine kadar ön yoklama, seçim yapılmaksızın Ankara'da parti genel merkezinde belirlenmiş ve aday listeleri seçmenlerin önüne konmuştur. İnönü'nün cumhurbaşkanı olduktan sonraki ilk seçim olan 1939 seçimlerinde Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi ilk defa ülkenin belli yerlerinde aday tespitinde yoklama mahiyetinde bir uygulama ile partililerin, ikinci seçmenlerin fikrini almış, aday listelerini bu doğrultuda hazırlamıştır. Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi tarihinde bir ilk olan bu uygulama sonraki dönemlerde kurumsallaşacak ön seçimler açısından önemli bir deneyim olmuştur.
Abstract:The single-party period of the Republic of Turkey began with the formal establishment of the country in 1923 and the Republican People's Party (CHP) was the only party until 1945. In this period, almost all decisions in the party were made by Ataturk, the party leader, and an executive board under the presidency of İnönü. This executive board, including the party leader, the deputy leader of the party and the secretary general, was authorized to determine the party’s parliamentary candidates. Before the 1939 elections, Turkish MPs were selected in the headquarters of the party in Ankara without any pre-election polls or elections, and lists of candidates were submitted to voters. The 1939 elections are the first elections succeeding Atatürk’s death and İnönü’s election as president, and therefore are politically significant in some ways. Compared to previous elections, prior to the announcement of the Republican People’s Party’s candidates for MP, consultations were made with the second-round voters—who were also selected from the party list—and a meeting was organized for this purpose. This was the first time in the history of the Republican People’s Party that an exchange of opinion was even occurring at all and a significant experience for primary elections to be institutionalized.
Abstract:The single-party period of the Republic of Turkey began with the formal establishment of the country in 1923 and the Republican People's Party (CHP) was the only party until 1945. In this period, almost all decisions in the party were made by Ataturk, the party leader, and an executive board under the presidency of İnönü. This executive board, including the party leader, the deputy leader of the party and the secretary general, was authorized to determine the party’s parliamentary candidates. Before the 1939 elections, Turkish MPs were selected in the headquarters of the party in Ankara without any pre-election polls or elections, and lists of candidates were submitted to voters. The 1939 elections are the first elections succeeding Atatürk’s death and İnönü’s election as president, and therefore are politically significant in some ways. Compared to previous elections, prior to the announcement of the Republican People’s Party’s candidates for MP, consultations were made with the second-round voters—who were also selected from the party list—and a meeting was organized for this purpose. This was the first time in the history of the Republican People’s Party that an exchange of opinion was even occurring at all and a significant experience for primary elections to be institutionalized.
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Cumhuriyet Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi
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DUMAN Ö (2017). Tek Parti Döneminde CHP’de Bir Parti İçi Demokrasi “Denemesi”: 1939 Seçimleri ve İkinci Seçmenlerle “İstişare”. Cumhuriyet Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 13(26), 208 - 235.
