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Öğe Ameliorative Effects of Resveratrol on Acute Ovarian Toxicity Induced by Total Body Irradiation in Young Adult Rats(Elsevier Science Inc, 2012) Simsek, Yavuz; Gurocak, Simay; Turkoz, Yusuf; Akpolat, Nusret; Celik, Onder; Ozer, Ali; Yilmaz, ErcanObjective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the ovarian protective effects of resveratrol in rats exposed to total body irradiation. Design: Experimental study. Settings: University hospital. Participants and Interventions: Thirty female rats were randomized into four groups: (1) control group (n = 7); (2) low-dose (10 mg/kg) resveratrol group (n = 8); (3) high-dose (100 mg/kg) resveratrol group (n =7); and (4) sham irradiation group (n = 8). The drugs were administered intraperitoneally as single doses, and the rats were exposed to total body radiation 24 h after the treatment. The animals were sacrificed the following day, and their ovaries were excised for histopathological and biochemical analysis. Main Outcome Measures: The ovarian follicle counts were calculated, and irradiation-dependent ovarian damage and tissue levels of antioxidant enzymes were evaluated. Results: Group 2 and Group 3 showed significantly higher numbers of total follicle counts compared with Group 1 (P < 0.01). The low-dose resveratrol treatment was associated with significantly higher numbers of primary follicles than the high-dose group. The tissue activities of glutathione peroxidase (GsH-Px) and catalase (CAT) were significantly elevated in the resveratrol-treated animals. Evaluation of ovarian histology revealed no remarkable changes in fibrosis and leucocyte infiltration among the resveratrol-treated and control rats; however, vascularity was significantly reduced in the high-dose group (P = 0.014). Conclusion: Resveratrol attenuated irradiation-dependent ovarian damage, suggesting that this natural antioxidant is effective in reducing the follicle loss induced by ionizing radiation.Öğe Amoksisilin-klavulanik aside bağlı gelişen akut jeneralize ekzantematöz püstülozis (AGEP) olgusu(Astım Allerji İmmünoloji, 2014) Şenbaba, Elif; Çatal, Ferhat; Ermiştekin, Halime; Varol, Fatma İlknur; Akpolat, NusretÖz: Akut jeneralize ekzantematöz püstülozis (AGEP), eritamatöz zemin üzerinde küçük, steril püstüller ile karakterize nadir görülen bir deri reaksiyonudur. Etyolojide başlıca antibiyotikler olmak üzere en sık ilaçlar yer almaktadır. Hastalığın tanısı, “European Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (EuroSCAR)” çalışma grubunun belirlemiş olduğu skorlama sistemi ile konulmaktadır. Dört yaşında erkek hasta, eritematöz zemin üzerinde çok sayıda püstüler döküntü şikayetiyle başvurdu ve hastanın iki gündür amoksisilin + klavulanik asit kullanım öyküsü mevcuttu. Hastanın püstüler lezyonlarından biyopsi örneği alındı. Hastanın klinik özellikleri ile biyopsi örneğinin incelemesi sonucu EuroSCAR skorlamasına göre AGEP tanısı konuldu. Bu olguyu sunmamızdaki amacımız AGEP’in çocuk yaş grubunda nadiren görülebildiğini vurgulamak, hastalığın klinik özelliklerini, tanı ve tedavisini gözden geçirmektir.Öğe Antifungal activity of microbial chondroitin sulfate against Candida albicans(2020) Ünver, Tuba; Erenler, Ayşe Şebnem; Melekoğlu, Rauf; Akpolat, Nusret; Seçkin, Turgay; Azimov, Raul; Özaslan, Fatma BaharAbstract: A vaginal yeast infection called vaginal candidiasis is the most commonly seen type of Candida infections with a rate of 37%. Vaginal candidiasis affects three fourth (75%) of women in their lifetimes, and this is the most common cause of women seeking gynecological care. Vaginal candidiasis can result in serious symptoms such as discharge, itching, burning sensation, pain, rash and irritation in the vagina and vulva. Candida albicans, in particular, is the most common cause of vaginal candidiasis. Therefore, the treatment and control process of Candida species is very important in terms of health. In this study, as a first step, Microbial Chondroitin Sulfate was produced from Escherichia coli C2987 strain by using a specific microbial system and reliable biotechnological methods. After that, the efficacy of Microbial CS as an antifungal agent on C. albicans strains was tested by using the agar dilution method. As a result, it was determined that the Microbial CS was particularly effective against the yeasts C. albicans, and the minimum inhibitory concentration of Microbial CS was 0.32 g/mL. Our findings showed that Microbial CS can be used in the content of various biomedical products that can be used as an antifungal agent for Candida sp. Microbial CS can also be used to treat the disease alone or to support the treatment that increases the efficacy of antibiotics.Öğe BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT EVALUATION OF MICROBIAL CHONDROITIN SULPHATE IN EXPERIMENTAL KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS MODEL(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2022) Erenler, Ayse Sebnem; Karabulut, Aysun Bay; Sevimli, Resit; Geckil, Hikmet; Akpolat, Nusret; Unver, Tuba; Otlu, OnderOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic joint disease, primarily due to aging. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) commonly used to treat osteoarthritis. CS can delay the progression of pathology or reverse morphological changes in joint structure. Traditionally CS is produced from animal sources. However, due to different reasons such as contamination, ecological risk, and the possibility of infectious diseases, the trend towards microbial sources has increased because of its advantages such as purer, more antiallergic, and lower Molecular Weight (MW) than animal sources. Biochemical analysis of Microbial CS (MCS), which is a new and significant alternative as a source of CS in the OA healing process, has not been evaluated in the literature yet. This study was designed to analyze the biochemical effects of MCS produced by our team from a microbial source, with an MW value of 269 Daltons, on the osteoarthritis healing process compared to the commercial foiut. We aim to reach data that MCS has a higher antioxidant effect than animal -sourced CS, and in this way, it is a more suitable production for the treatment of osteoarthritis. In this study, knee osteoarthritis was surgically induced in experimental rabbits; and TGF113, CAT, MPO, TOS, and OSI parameters measured in blood samples before the operation and after the healing period were analyzed comparatively. After the surgical application, the rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: control, animal -sourced CS, and E. cull sourced. MCS. The standard rabbit diet was administered daily to 10 rabbits in Group 1 (control), and. CS and MCS were applied daily to the other groups as 17 mg/kg for 12 weeks. Blood samples were taken from rabbits at the 12th week after surgery, and TGF-113, CAT, MPO, TOS, and OSI parameters were biochemically evaluated. This study has confirmed that the antioxidant properties of MCS and data on its effectiveness in controlling oxidative stress compared to animal -sourced CS. Based on these results, it can be concluded that MCS has a significant potency of nutraceutical and therapeutic agents for OA treatment.Öğe Caffeic acid phenethyl ester CAPE attenuates cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoidal haemorrhage by increasing brain nitric oxide levels(International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 2006) Aladağ, Mehmet Arif; Türköz, Yusuf; Özcan, Abdulcemal; Şahna, Engin; Parlakpınar, Hakan; Akpolat, Nusret; Çiğremiş, YılmazBackground: Cerebral vasospasm, a medical complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, even after the aneurysm has been secured surgically or endovascularly. Evidence accumulated during the last decade suggest that scavenging a vasodilator, nitric oxide (NO), by superoxide anions (O2 ), and activating a strong vasoconstructor, protein kinase C (PKC), are the two most important mechanisms in the pathogenesis of vasospasm. Our aim in this study was to determine whether caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a non-toxic oxygen free radical scavenger, prevents vasospasm in an experimental rat model of SAH. Methods: Twenty eight rats (225–250 g) were divided into four groups equally: group 1, control group; group 2, SAH group; group 3, SAH plus placebo group; and group 4, SAH plus CAPE group. We used double haemorrhage method for SAH groups. Starting 6 h after SAH, 10 mmol/kg CAPE or an equal volume of 0.9% saline were administered by intraperitoneal injection twice daily for 5 days to SAH plus CAPE and SAH plus placebo groups, respectively. CAPE or 0.9% saline injections were continued up to 5th day after SAH. Rats were sacrificed on the 5th day. Brain sections at the level of the pons were examined by light microscopy. Measurements were made for the cross-sectional areas of the lumen and the vessel wall (intimae plus media) of basilar artery by a micrometer. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured in rat brain tissue. Results: Administration of CAPE significantly attenuated the vasoconstriction of the basilar artery. There were marked narrowing in the lumens of and thickening in the walls of basilar arteries in the SAH, and the SAH plus placebo compared with CAPE group ( p < 0.001). We also observed that CAPE administration significantly decreased the tissue level of MDA, while significantly increased the tissue levels of GSH, NO in the SAH plus CAPE group compared to only SAH group, p < 0.05. Conclusions: Our results indicate that CAPE is effective in attenuating delayed cerebral vasoconstriction following experimental SAH. Our findings also suggest that the elevation of lipid peroxidation and reduction of NO bioavailability, resulting from the generation and the interaction of free radicals, have a significant role in the pathogenesis of vasospasm after SAH.Öğe A case of acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) induced by amoxicillin-clavulanic acid(Bilimsel Tip Yayinevi, 2014) Senbaba, Elif; Catal, Ferhat; Topal, Erdem; Ermistekin, Halime; Varol, Fatma Ilknur; Akpolat, NusretAcute generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a rare skin reaction characterized by sterile, small pustules on the erythematous background. Drugs, especially antibiotics are major caustic factors in etiology. The diagnosis of disease is made by the scoring system which determined by European Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (EuroSCAR)s' working group. The four-year-old patient applied with the complaint of numerous pustular skin eruptions on the erythematous background and had the history of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid treatment which was given two days ago. The biopsy samples were taken from pustular lesions. The diagnosis of AGEP was made according to EuroSCAR score, evaluating clinical feature and the histopatological examination of the biopsy sample. In this presentation, we aimed to emphasize that AGEP can rarely be seen in childhood age and to review the clinical properties, diagnosis and treatment of disease.Öğe A Case of Cystitis Mimicking Bladder Tumor(Galenos Yayincilik, 2016) Camtosun, Ahmet; Celik, Huseyin; Altintas, Ramazan; Akpolat, NusretChronic cystitis is a usual inflammatory disease of the bladder in children. Patients typically show irritative voiding symptoms. In addition, bladder mass accumulation with the possibility of malignancy can rarely be observed. We present a 12-year-old male patient in whom radiological investigations showed a focal papillary lesion. In this paper, we aimed to discuss the management of chronic cystitis.Öğe The Changes in Tear Film Parameters and Impression Cytology in Heavily Drinking Men(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013) Cumurcu, Tongabay; Gunduz, Abuzer; Cumurcu, Birgul Elbozan; Gul, Isil Gogcegoz; Akpolat, Nusret; Karlidag, RifatPurpose: To evaluate the tear film function and ocular surface changes in heavily drinking men. Methods: This prospective case-control study involved 35 male subjects with heavy alcohol consumption (group 1) and 35 age-and sex-matched control subjects (group 2). Best-corrected visual acuity measurement, slit-lamp examination, Schirmer I test, tear film break-up time (BUT) measurement, and conjunctival impression cytology were performed in all subjects. The results were compared between the 2 groups. Results: The mean Schirmer I test results in group 1 and group 2 were 8.31 +/- 3.56 mm and 13.17 +/- 5.71 mm, respectively, and the mean BUT values were 9.22 +/- 3.10 seconds and 13.20 +/- 4.04 seconds, respectively. The mean Schirmer I and BUT results were statistically lower in group 1 than in group 2 (P < 0.0001). The mean impression cytology scores in group 1 and group 2 were 2.08 +/- 0.78 and 1.37 +/- 0.94, respectively. A statistically significant difference was noted between the study and control groups for the grading of cytological changes (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Our data showed that heavily drinking men have decreased tear production, tear film instability, and significant degeneration of the ocular surface epithelium when compared with normal subjects.Öğe Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney in a newborn(Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi Dergisi, 2016) Gürünlüoğlu, Kubilay; Uğuralp, Sema; Akpolat, Nusret; Sığırcı, Ahmet; Özgen, ÜnsalAbstract In the present article, we present the case of a 37-month-old male newborn, who was delivered by normal birth with no history of routine examinations during pregnancy, with an abdominal mass observed after the birth, and was eventually diagnosed with clear cell sarcoma of the kidney in the histopathology examination after the mass was dissected by surgery. We report the observed symptoms as well as related cases found in the literature related to childhood and newborn age clear cell sarcoma of the kidney. We also put forward clinical observance, stages, management and outcomes of clear cell sarcoma of the kidney during newborn. Our study underlines that clear cell sarcoma should be kept in mind during differential diagnosis although it is rarely observed in newborns. Keywords: Clear cell sarcoma; Kidney; Newborn; Children.Öğe Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney in a newborn(Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi Dergisi, 2016) Gürünlüoğlu, Kubilay; Uğuralp, Sema; Akpolat, Nusret; Sığırcı, Ahmet; Özgen, ÜnsalAbstract In the present article, we present the case of a 37-month-old male newborn, who was delivered by normal birth with no history of routine examinations during pregnancy, with an abdominal mass observed after the birth, and was eventually diagnosed with clear cell sarcoma of the kidney in the histopathology examination after the mass was dissected by surgery. We report the observed symptoms as well as related cases found in the literature related to childhood and newborn age clear cell sarcoma of the kidney. We also put forward clinical observance, stages, management and outcomes of clear cell sarcoma of the kidney during newborn. Our study underlines that clear cell sarcoma should be kept in mind during differential diagnosis although it is rarely observed in newborns. Keywords: Clear cell sarcoma; Kidney; Newborn; ChildrenÖğe Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney in a newborn(Journal of Turgut Ozal Medical Center, 2016) Gürünlüoğlu, Kubulay; Uğuralp, Sema; Akpolat, Nusret; Sığırcı, Ahmet; Özgen, ÜnsalIn the present article, we present the case of a 37-month-old male newborn, who was delivered by normal birth with no history of routine examinations during pregnancy, with an abdominal mass observed after the birth, and was eventually diagnosed with clear cell sarcoma of the kidney in the histopathology examination after the mass was dissected by surgery. We report the observed symptoms as well as related cases found in the literature related to childhood and newborn age clear cell sarcoma of the kidney. We also put forward clinical observance, stages, management and outcomes of clear cell sarcoma of the kidney during newborn. Our study underlines that clear cell sarcoma should be kept in mind during differential diagnosis although it is rarely observed in newborns.Öğe Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney in a newborn(2016) Gurunluoglu, Kubulay; Uğuralp, Sema; Akpolat, Nusret; Sığırcı, Ahmet; Özgen, ÜnsalBu makalede, 37 haftalık, gebelik süresince herhangi bir sağlık kurumunda tıbbi takibi olmadan normal vajinal yolla doğan, doğumun ardından yenidoğan ünitesinde karnında kitle fark edilen bir erkek yenidoğan olgu sunuldu. Cerrahi olarak çıkarılan kitlenin histo-patolojik incelemesinde kitlenin böbrek kaynaklı clear cell sarkoması olduğu tesbit edildi. Olgudaki mevcut bulgular sunulup, böbreğin clear cell sarkomasının çocukluk çağı ve yenidoğan döneminde ortaya çıkışı ile ilgili literatür araştırması yapılarak bununla ilgili vakalar bildirildi. Yenidoğan döneminde böbreğin clear cell sarkomasının klinik olarak ortaya çıkış şekilleri, evresi, yönetimi ve sonuçları anlatıldı. Böbreğin clear cell sarkomasının yenidoğan döneminde oldukça nadir görülmesine rağmen ayrıcı tanıda akılda tutulması gerektiği vurgulandı.Öğe Clinicopathological Analysis of Our Ten-Year Pediatric Percutaneous Kidney Biopsies(Galenos Publ House, 2022) Selcuk, Senay Zirhli; Elmas, Ahmet Taner; Akpolat, Nusret; Tabel, YilmazIntroduction: Our aim in this study is to evaluate the data of native and transplant kidney biopsies in our tertiary pediatric nephrology center in terms of demographics and clinico-pathology, to determine biopsy indications and to evaluate the compatibility of indication and histopathological diagnosis. Materials and Methods: In our study, the files and biopsy results (a total of 134 biopsy results) of 126 pediatric patients aged 1-17 years who were followed up in our Pediatric Nephrology clinic and underwent percutaneous kidney biopsy between 2011 and 2021 were evaluated retrospectively. All patients' age, gender, biopsy adequacy, compliance with the indication and histopathological diagnosis, and follow-up status were recorded. Results: Of 126 patients who underwent kidney biopsy, 62 (49.2%) were male; 64 (50.8%) were girls; mean age was 9.5 +/- 4.1 years. The most common biopsy indication was nephrotic syndrome (32.5%). Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) was the most common histopathological diagnosis (23%). The concordance between clinical preliminary diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis was as high as 82.6%. Conclusion: The high rate of compatibility between the histopathological diagnosis and our preliminary diagnoses should not question the necessity of pathological evaluation, and even all kinds of examinations should be used to reach the most accurate diagnosis with the contribution of genetic studies.Öğe Cloning and Expression vgb-kfo Genes in E. coli and Microbial Chondroitin Sulfate Production(Amer Scientific Publishers, 2019) Erenler, Ayse Sebnem; Geckil, Hikmet; Karabulut, Aysun Bay; Akpolat, Nusret; Sevimli, Resit; Ulke, Esra; Aliyeva, AygunThis study focused on a new plasmid and new recombinant strain developed for the production of microbial chondroitin sulfate a new and limited area of study the strategies we applied for the production of microbial chondroitin sulfate, and the possible contributions of this study to published research literature. In this study, pETM6-PACF, which carries the genes responsible for capsular chondroitin synthesis [kfA, kfoC, kfoF] was used as the basic plasmid. The Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene region was transformed into this basic plasmid and the common expression of both gene groups was added to research literature for the first time. This plasmid was transferred to non-pathogenic E. coil (C2987) to produce a completely new chondroitin source specific to this study. Following the transformation by chondroitin synthesis, and the subsequent microbial production of chondroitin by the application of purification protocols, microbial chondroitin sulfate was produced in sulfate form. Consequently, in comparison to published literature, a product with a low molecular weight value of 269 Daltons was developed. This product, which has significant potential drug potency, can be used in many different areas as a novel and unique biomedical product.Öğe Comparison of efficiency of intravitreal ceftazidime and intravitreal cefepime in the treatment of experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa endophthalmitis(Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd, 2013) Deniz, Nurettin; Aydemir, Orhan; Gueler, Mete; Akpolat, Nusret; Kizirgil, AhmetIn this study, we evaluated the efficiency of cefepime in the treatment of experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa endophthalmitis. We compared the findings with the standard dose of ceftazidime (1 mg/0.1 ml). Thirty-six New-Zealand White rabbits were divided into 6 equal groups and were treated with different methods (Group 1 = sham, Group 2 = 0.5 mg/0.1 ml cefepime, Group 3 = 1 mg/0.1 ml cefepime, Group 4 = 2 mg/0.1 ml cefepime, Group 5 = 1 mg/0.1 ml ceftazidime, Group 6 = control). The eyes of rabbits in each group were examined clinically on 1st, 3rd, and 6th day of the experiment. At 6th day, 0.1 ml vitreous humor aspirates were obtained and plated for quantification on the blood agar and the results were expressed as colony-forming unit/ml. Subsequently, the eyeballs were enucleated and the histopathological evaluation was performed. Our findings denoted beneficial effects of cefepime in treatment groups (especially, in Groups 3 and 4). Intravitreal cefepime may be an alternative drug in the treatment of P. aeruginosa endophthalmitis.Öğe Comparison of the histologic changes in conchae induced by radiofrequency thermal ablation and submucosal diathermy(Springer, 2013) Kaplama, Mehmet Erkan; Kaygusuz, Irfan; Akpolat, Nusret; Karlidag, Turgut; Keles, Erol; Alpay, Hayrettin Cengiz; Yalcin, SinasiObjective of study was to determine the histological change induced in the conchae by submucosal diathermy and radiofrequency thermal ablation, two techniques used in the treatment of lower conchal hypertrophy, and to compare the two methods to each other. The study was performed on 15 rabbits. Radiofrequency was applied to the study animals in Group I (n = 5) and submucosal diathermy to Group II (n = 5), while Group III (n = 5) was the untreated control. The animals were decapitated 21 days after treatment and their conchae nasales ventrales excised on both sides. Histology slides were prepared and evaluated by light microscopy for ciliary loss, increase in submucosal vascularity, loss of goblet cells, inflammatory cellular infiltration, fibrosis and epithelial damage. The differences between Groups I and III were not significant regarding ciliary loss, increase in submucosal vascularity, loss of goblet cells and epithelial damage (p > 0.05), while the inflammatory cellular infiltration and fibrosis were significantly different between these groups (p < 0.05). As for the differences between Groups II and III, they were significant for each of the compared parameters (p < 0.05), while among Groups I and II they were significant for ciliary loss (p < 0.05), increase in submucosal vascularity, loss of goblet cells, inflammatory cellular infiltration and epithelial damage but not fibrosis (p > 0.05). Based on these findings, we can state that the use of radiofrequency thermal ablation causes less change in the normal conchal histology than submucosal diathermy application.Öğe Deneysel karbon tetraklorür toksisitesi sonucu karaciğerdeki IŞP70 immunoreaksiyon artışı üzerine melatonin hormonunun etkisi(2011) Karaca, Ömür; Pekmez, Hıdır; Kuş, Murat Abdülgani; Akpolat, Nusret; Ögetürk, Murat; Kuş, İlterÖz: Amaç: Karbon tetraklorür (CCl4) böbrek ve özellikle karaciğerde, doku hasarına yol açan uçucu organik bir kimyasal ajandır. Bu çalışma, sıçanlarda, CCl4'ün indüklediği akut karaciğer toksisitesine karşı melatonin hormonunun koruyucu etkisinin araştırılması amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: 24 adet Wistar-Albino cinsi yetişkin erkek sıçan, rastgele üç eşit gruba ayrıldı: Kontrol, CCl4 ve CCl4+Melatonin. CCl4 grubu sıçanlara, zeytinyağı içinde CCl4 (0.5 ml/kg) subkutan yoldan enjekte edilirken, CCl4+Melatonin grubunda yer alan hayvanlara ise CCl4 (0.5 ml/kg) ve Melatonin (25mg/kg) bir ay boyunca, günaşırı, subkutan yoldan enjekte edildi. Kontrol grubu sıçanlara ise saf zeytinyağı enjekte edildi. Karaciğer dokuları, Isı Şok proteini 70'in (IŞP70) immunoreaksiyonunu tespit etmek için immunohistokimyasal olarak incelendi. Bulgular: CCl4 toksisitesi sonucu karaciğerde IŞP70 immunoreaksiyonunu gösteren yoğun bir boyanma görüldü. CCl4 maruziyeti ile birlikte melatonin enjekte edilen sıçanlara ait karaciğer doku kesitlerinde ise minimal IŞP70 boyanması tespit edildi. Sonuç: İmmunohistokimyasal düzeyde elde ettiğimiz bu bulgular sonucunda; CCl4 maruziyeti sonucu karaciğerde meydana gelen zararlı etkinin, melatonin hormonu tarafından önlendiği tespit edildi.Öğe The Distribution of Kidney Tumors in OurHospital, The Relationship Between PathologicalStage, Nuclear Grade and Tumor Diameter:Analysis of 140 Cases(2019) Küçük, Şirin; Akpolat, NusretAim: The renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which is the most frequently seen malign renal tumor, consists of 2-4% of all the malign tumors seen among adult individuals and 80-90% of all the malign renal tumors. The recurrence is seen in 40% of the cases, and the metastasis despite the early diagnosis was detected in 50% of cases. In present study, it was aimed to distribution of renal tumors in our hospital, discuss the prognostic factors such as the, pathological stage, nuclear grade and tumor diameter accompanied by literature information. Patients and Methods: By retrospectively scanning the records of Pathology Department of Medical Faculty, Fırat University, for the period between 1988 and 2009, 140 renal tumor cases were determined and the previous diagnoses, histological degrees, pathological stages of these cases were evaluated and the final diagnoses were taken as base in the present study. In pathologically staging (pT) of RCCs, TNM classification was used, whereas Fuhrman nuclear grading (FNG) was used in nuclear grading procedure. The patients were divided into different groups based on their genders and ages. Results: When compared to the literature in terms of the mean age, the present study involves relatively young population (mean age 57), and the majority was male (male/ female:1.1). In the present study, the RCCs with largest diameter were papillary type (9,78cm) ones, whereas the RCCs with lowest diameter values were classic type. A statistically significant relationship was observed between the benign, borderline and malign tumor diagnoses and diameters (p= 0.023). It was determined that approximately one-four of RCC cases were in highly pathological stage (21,6%, pT3a-3b). A direct proportional and statistically significant relationship was found between nuclear grade and diameter (p=0,002). Conclusion: Pathological stage, nuclear grade and diameter are the leading factors affecting the prognosis. As in our study, in retrospective studies involving old ages and not enough sampling, tumor diameter may be used as an alternative prognostic factor for pathological staging in tumors with a stage above pT2.Öğe Effect of Copper Staining in Wilson Disease: A Liver Explant Study(Baskent Univ, 2017) Karadag, Nese; Tolan, Kerem; Samdanci, Emine; Selimoglu, Ayse; Akpolat, Nusret; Yilmaz, SezaiObjectives: Wilson disease is a rare genetic disease with clinical and histopathologic differential diagnostic challenges. In this study, we evaluated the histo pathologic findings of explanted livers in Wilson disease, with special emphasis on copper histochemistry. Materials and Methods: Our study group was recruited by reviewing archived histopathology reports and the liver transplant clinic patient records retrospectively for patients who had liver transplant for Wilson disease between January 2010 and June 2015, at Turgut Ozal Medical Center. Archival slides were reevaluated. When needed, relevant clinical and laboratory data were obtained from patient medical records. Results: During the selected period, there were 33 patients fitting the study criteria (22 male, 11 female, mean age of 22 +/- 11 y). All patients had mild to moderate septal inflammation. We found that 29 patients (88%) showed glycogenated hepatocyte nuclei and 27 patients (79%) showed nuclear pleomorphism. Other histopathologic findings were cholestasis (48%) and macrovesicular steatosis (39%). There was no special finding in hilar regions except for 2 patients who had recanalized portal vein thrombosis. In terms of copper histochemistry, 2 copper stains, Timm silver sulfide and rhodanine, were performed in all cases, with orcein staining only done for 25 of the cases. Positivity rates for these copper stains were 85%, 82%, and 36%. Periodic acid-Schiff-diastase-and periodic acid-Schiff-positive granules were detected in 7 of 33 patients (21%). Iron deposition was seen in 12 patients (focal and/or minimal in 11, more than focal in 1). There was no dysplasia or malignancy in any of the patients. Conclusions. On routine hematoxylin and eosinstained slides, detection of glycogenated hepatocyte nuclei and the finding of the nuclear pleomorphism should alert the pathologist for the possibility of Wilson disease, especially with cryptogenic liver disease. Timm stain is a more convenient histo chemical stain in revealing copper deposition in liver.Öğe The effect of intracameral bevacizumab on current hyphema(2019) Polat, Nihat; Ozkan, Ahmet Selim; Parlakpınar, Hakan; Akpolat, NusretAbstract: Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intracameral bevacizumab on the current hyphema.Material and Methods: The animals were assigned to the following 4 groups; Group 1: One 2.5 mg bevacizumab injection to theanterior chamber; Group 2: One 1.25 mg bevacizumab injection to the anterior chamber; Group 3: One 1cc balanced salt solutioninjection to the anterior chamber; and Group 4: Untreated hyphema group. Non-heparinized blood that obtained from the rabbit earwas used to fill the anterior chamber to create total hyphema. Intraocular pressures (IOP), hyphema resorption time, clot formation,peripheral synechia formation, and corneal staining were recorded.Results: IOP results were 26±1.2, 30±2.1, 24±2.9, and 22±0.0 mm Hg for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, and were significantlyhigher in group 2 than in the other groups (p= 0.001). Resorption times of hyphema were 13±2.2, 13±3.2, 9±1.7, and 9±1.6 days forgroups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, and were significantly longer for the groups receiving bevacizumab than for the others (p=0.018).The clot formation scores were 0.16±0.41, 0.14±0.38, 0.86±0.38, and 1.0±0.0 for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, and weresignificantly lower for the groups receiving bevacizumab than in the other groups (p= 0.002). The peripheral synechia formationscores were 0.0±0.0, 0.0±0.0, 0.43±0.53, and 0.50±0.54 for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, and were not significantly different (p=0.213). The corneal staining scores were 0.85±0.35, 0.86±0.38, 0.14±0.38, and 0.14±0.38 for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, andwere significantly higher for the groups receiving bevacizumab (p= 0.035).Conclusion: Intracameral bevacizumab may increase complications that related current hyphema.