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Öğe The activities of purine catabolizing enzymes in plasma and bronchial washing fluid in patients with lung cancer and pneumonia(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2001) Akyol, O; Gökbulut, I; Köksal, N; Akin, H; Özyurt, H; Yildirim, Z[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Antioxidant enzyme activities and oxidative stress in affective disorders(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004) Ozcan, ME; Gulec, M; Ozerol, E; Polat, R; Akyol, ORecent data from several reports indicate that free radicals are involved in the biochemical mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric disorders in human. The results of several reports suggest that lower antioxidant defences against lipid peroxidation exist in patients with depression and that there is a therapeutic benefit from antioxidant supplementation in unstable manic-depressive patients. We investigated the antioxidant enzyme status and the indices of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation end products in erythrocytes from patients with affective disorder. For this purpose, we measured superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) activities, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in patients with affective disorders (n=30) in both pre- and post-treatment periods, and in a control group (n = 21). CAT activities were significantly decreased in both pre-, and post-treatment periods in patients compared to the control group. GSH-Px activity in the pre-treatment period in the patients was significantly lower than both post-treatment patient and control groups. MDA levels were increased in both pre-, and post-treatment patient groups compared to the control group. NO level was lower in the pre-treatment patient group than in the control group. There were statistically significant correlations between SOD and MDA, and SOD and NO in the pre-treatment patient and control groups. Because the overall study sample was small, and the post-treatment patient group was even smaller, it can tentatively be suggested that the antioxidant system is impaired during a mood episode in patients with affective disorders, normalizing at the end of the episode. (C) 2004 Lippincott Williams Wilkins.Öğe Antioxidant properties of propofol and erythropoietin after closed head injury in rats(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2005) Ozturk, E; Demirbilek, S; But, AK; Saricicek, V; Gulec, M; Akyol, O; Ersoy, MOReactive oxygen species play a role during brain injury due to closed head trauma. Enzymatic or nonenzymatic antioxidants may protect brain tissue against oxidative damage. The present study was performed to assess the changes of endogenous indices of oxidative stress in serum from rats subjected to head trauma and whether treatment with propofol and/or erythropoietin (EPO) modifies the levels of endogenous indices of oxidative stress. For these purposes, female Wistar Albino rats were divided into five groups: nontraumatic sham group, trauma performed control, trauma with propofol (i.p.), trauma with EPO (i.p.) and trauma with propofol and EPO performed study groups. At the end of the experimental procedure, blood was taken by cardiac puncture to determine superoxide dismutase (SOD) and xanthine oxidase (XO) activities as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in serum. Serum NIDA level of control traumatic brain injury (TBI) group was significantly higher than sham operation group (p < 0.012). Serum NIDA levels in propofol, EPO and propofol+EPO groups were found to be decreased in comparison with control group (p < 0.039, p < 0.030 and p < 0.018, respectively). Serum NO level was found to be increased in TBI group, but difference was not statistically significant when compared to sham-operated group (p=0.092). Propofol, EPO and propofol+EPO administration efficiently reduced serum NO levels to reach sham-operated group (p < 0.002, p < 0.001 and p < 0.015, respectively). These results suggested that acute administration of both propofol and EPO altered the indices of oxidative stress similarly against brain injury due to trauma. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Caffeic acid phenethyl ester ameliorated ototoxicity induced by cisplatin in rats(E I F T Srl, 2004) Kizilay, A; Kalcioglu, MT; Ozerol, E; Iraz, M; Gulec, M; Akyol, O; Ozturan, OCaffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an active component of propolis, exhibits antioxidant properties. This experimental study was designed to determine the effect of CAPE on ototoxicity induced with cisplatin. Twenty-four adult Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: cisplatin (n=6), saline (n=6), CAPE (n=6), and cisplatin plus CAPE (n=6). Rats were tested before and 5 days after cisplatin treatment with or without chemo protection. The Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAEs) were elicited from the control and experimental animals utilizing the standard commercial Otoacoustic Emission (OAEs) apparatus. The animals in all groups were sacrificed under general anesthesia on the fifth day following last OAE measurements. For biochemical investigations, the blood samples were drawn from inferior vena cava. On day 0, the initial baseline DPOAEs measurement results presented similar values while comparing the groups in drug free phase (p>0.05). On day 5, intrasubject measurement parameters of DPgrams and I/O functions of cisplatin group were significantly deteriorated (p<0.05). The second measurements of the other groups revealed no significant differences between their DPgrams and I/O functions in all frequencies (p>0.05). Among the biochemical parameters, plasma xanthine oxidase (XO) activity was found to be more elevated in the cisplatin group than the saline group (p<0.05). CAPE led to more decreased XO activity than cisplatin (p<0.05). The results of this study show that prophylactic administration of CAPE for cisplatin ototoxicity ameliorated hearing deterioration in rats.Öğe Caffeic acid phenethyl ester exerts a neuroprotective effect on CNS against pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in mice(Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publ, 2004) Ilhan, A; Iraz, M; Gurel, A; Armutcu, F; Akyol, OSince overexcitation of excitatory amino acid is an important mechanism in seizure genesis wherein free radicals have recently been suggested to play a critical role, we explored the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) administration in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure in mice. CAPE prevents the oxidative damage in brain tissue induced by PTZ, scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our results demonstrate that CAPE treatment which prevents free radical production and ameliorates seizure severity may be useful at least as an adjunctive treatment of seizure disorders.Öğe Concentrations of trace elements in larynx and skin tissues with epidermoid cancer(Dustri-Verlag Dr Karl Feistle, 2004) Kizilay, A; Kalcioglu, MT; Ozyurt, H; Vural, H; Sogut, S; Cokkeser, Y; Akyol, OBackground and objectives: Playing a crucial role in a number of biological processes, trace elements are an essential part of the body. Up to now, trace elements-cancer relationships have not had a definitive explanation. This study was scheduled to investigate the trace element content of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and skin. Methods: The study was designed as a prospective controlled study. Tissue concentrations of iron, selenium, copper and zinc were studied in 30 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (19 larynx and 11 skin), while 20 tissues (12 larynx and 8 neck) of non-cancerous patients served as control. All samples were taken during surgical operations. Tissue element concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer after tissues were digested in an acid mixture. Results: No meaningful differences were interpreted in copper and zinc in epidermoid cancer and non-cancerous tissues. However, iron and selenium concentrations were found to be decreased significantly in cancer tissues than in control values. Conclusion: Decreased selenium and iron concentrations in the cancerous tissue from the patients with epidermoid cancer may result in increased oxidative stress because of the requirements of these elements for activities of some antioxidant enzymes.Öğe Diagnostic role of hair magnesium in migraine patients: higher than serum magnesium?(Dustri-Verlag Dr Karl Feistle, 2000) Ilhan, A; Uz, E; Var, A; Kali, S; Akyol, OThe present study was aimed at evaluating trace element changes and diagnostic role of magnesium levels in hair of migraine patients during interictal period. We assessed trace element levels in hair of migraine patients (n = 40) and control subjects (n = 21). In the group of migraineurs,magnesium (p < 0.05), zinc (p < 0.05), and copper (p < 0.001) levels in the hair were significantly reduced with regard to the control subjects. Although the hair levels of manganese and serum levels of magnesium are lower in migraine patients than the levels in controls, these differences were not found to be signifcant. Also, the mean trace element levels in the group of migraine patients showed no significant difference according to gender, age, and type of migraine (with or without aura). Our data show that some hair trace element levels change in migraine patients during interictal period and hair magnesium seems to be more valuable than serum magnesium as a diagnostic marker in migraine.Öğe Early contrast sensitivity loss and oxidative damage in healthy heavy smokers(Wiley, 2003) Hepsen, IF; Uz, E; Sogut, S; Büyükba, S; Akyol, OObjective: The purpose of this study was 1) to evaluate visual functions and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in plasma and erythrocytes in smokers in comparison with non-smokers, 2) to evaluate the correlations between visual functions and the oxidant/antioxidant system. We hypothesized that the changes in antioxidant system and consequently lipid peroxidation depend on smoking may affect sophisticated visual tests including contrast sensitivity (CS) and pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEP). Subjects: This non-randomised control study included 24 chronic, heavy smokers who were smoking more than 20 cigarettes per day at least for last 10 years. Sixteen age and sex-matched, healthy, non-smokers were taken as controls. All volunteer subjects were accumulated from the outpatient clinic. To rule out the effect of alcoholism and malnutrition, we chose young, healthy heavy smokers who maintained adequate diet and who had no alcohol consumption history. Following visual acuity and color vision tests, all subjects were applied to CS and PVEP tests. Values of CS, N75-P100 amplitude and P100 wave latency were compared between the study and control subjects. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in plasma and erythrocytes were determined by spectrophotometer. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) level, as an end product of lipid peroxidation, was assessed by spectrofluorometric method. Results: CS was determined to be significantly reduced in smokers compared to nonsmokers, although central vision and PVEP responses were not affected. Erythrocyte SOD activity and plasma MDA levels were significantly increased in smokers compared to controls. There were positive correlations between plasma SOD and erythrocyte SOD; CS and erythrocyte SOD; and CS and plasma SOD. Conclusions: The results suggest the possible association between early CS loss and increase in antioxidant enzyme activities thus reflecting an increased oxidative damage due to cumulative effect of chronic smoking. Elevated concentrations of lipid peroxidation products in the plasma of smokers may directly show the increased oxidative damage in these subjects.Öğe Effect of fish oil supplementation on plasma oxidant/antioxidant status in rats(Churchill Livingstone, 2004) Erdogan, H; Fadillioglu, E; Ozgocmen, S; Sogut, S; Ozyurt, B; Akyol, O; Ardicoglu, OThe aim of this study was to investigate effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the indices of in vivo lipid peroxidation and oxidant/antioxidant status of plasma in rats. The plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, and activities of xanthine oxidase (XO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were studied in male Wistar Albino rats after ingestion of 0.4 g/ kg fish oil (rich in omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) for 30 days and compared to untreated control rats. The rats in the treated group had significantly higher SOD activity (P < 0.001), NO levels (P < 0.01) and decreased TBARS levels (P < 0.05) with respect to controls whereas GSH-Px and XO activities were not significantly different between the groups. None of the measured parameters had significant correlation with each other in both groups. We conclude that dietary supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids may enhance resistance to free radical attack and reduce lipid peroxidation. These results support the notion that omega-3 fatty acids may be effective dietary supplements in the management of various diseases in which oxidant/antioxidant defence mechanisms are decelerated. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Effect of long-term therapy with sodium valproate on nail and serum trace element status in epileptic children(Humana Press Inc, 2004) Armutcu, F; Ozerol, E; Gurel, A; Kanter, M; Vural, H; Yakinci, C; Akyol, OAntiepileptic drugs could cause changes in the trace element status of the body. Valproic acid (VPA) is a very effective anticonvulsant agent widely used in the management of various forms of epilepsy. Nail trace element content is a reliable index of trace element nutritional status of the body. To determine whether some of the side effects of antiepileptic drugs could be the result of zinc (Zn) depletion within tissues, Zn concentrations as well as copper (Cu) concentrations in nail and serum in 59 children having various types of epilepsy receiving valproate and 31 controls were assessed. Although serum Zn level in epileptic patients was found to be decreased, there was no difference in nail samples when compared to controls. There was a statistically significant increase in nail Cu level in epileptic patients when compared to controls. On the other hand, serum Cu levels were not different between the groups. Although none of our patients showed any symptoms of Cu elevation and Zn depletion, we should pay attention to potential body trace element changes in patients with epilepsy under VPA treatment. In conclusion, our results indicate that serum trace metal homeostasis might be affected by VPA therapy, but not by the convulsive disorder itself.Öğe The effect of long-term therapy with sodium valproate on oxidant/antioxidant status in epileptic children(Wiley, 2003) Ozerol, E; Aslan, M; Cakmak, EA; Gulec, M; Yakinci, C; Akyol, OAntiepileptic drugs may cause the changes in the oxidant/antioxidant status of the body. Reactive oxygen species have been suggested to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of various diseases as well as drug interactions and/or adverse effects. The aim of this study, therefore, is to investigate the status of major antioxidant enzyme activities as well as the end products of lipid peroxidation in erythrocyte and plasma from epileptic children after therapy with sodium valproate (VPA). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in erythrocyte and plasma were analyzed in 41 epileptic patients under long-term antiepileptic therapy with VPA and 32 healthy controls. Erythrocyte SOD activity was found to be increased (p=0.024) whereas erythrocyte CAT activity decreased (p=0.016) in patients with epilepsy under VPA treatment compared to the controls. MDA levels in erythrocyte were found to be markedly decreased in epileptic children compared to controls (p<0.001). In conclusion, decreased CAT activity seems to be compensated with increased SOD activity in erythrocytes protecting erythrocyte membranes from lipid peroxidation in patients with epilepsy under VPA treatment.Öğe The effect of Nigella sativa oil against experimental allergic encephalomyelitis via nitric oxide and other oxidative stress parameters(C M B Assoc, 2005) Ozugurlu, F; Sahin, S; Idiz, N; Akyol, O; Ilhan, A; Yigitoglu, R; Isik, BReactive oxygen species (ROS) including nitric oxide (NO) are thought to be involved in inflammatory processes, exacerbating inflammation and tissue damage in multiple sclerosis (MS). The oil extracts of Nigella Sativa (N. sativa) has been known as an antioxidant and antiinflammatory agent. The aim of the present study was to investigate the hypothesis that N. sativa components provide protection against oxidative stress induced by experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in rats. For this purpose, EAE was induced in rats by using guinea pig myelin basic protein (MBP) in Freud's adjuvant with addition of heat-killed M. Tuberculosis H37Ra to test this hypohesis. In study groups, N. sativa was given by oral gavage to the rats. Treatment of the rats with N. sativa inhibited ROS production induced by EAE showing diminished levels of MDA of both brain and medulla spinalis tissues. Although there was a significant decrease in brain NO level, there was an increase in medulla spinalis NO level after EAE induction in rats. N. sativa regulated tissue NO levels in some extend when applied together with EAE. When N. sativa was given alone to the rats, no changes were shown in brain, medulla spinalis, and serum oxidant/antioxidant parameters. In conclusion, N sativa may protect brain and medulla spinalis tissues against oxidative stress induced by EAE. In additon, N. sativa display its antioxidant and regulatory effects via inflammatory cells rather than the host tissue (brain and medulla spinalis) for EAE in rats.Öğe Effect of smoking on serum concentrations of total homocysteine, folate, vitamin B12, and nitric oxide in pregnancy(Karger, 2004) Özerol, E; Özerol, I; Gökdeniz, R; Temel, I; Akyol, OObjective: Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent vasodilator released by endothelial cells that plays an important role in modulating maternal and fetal vascular tone in normal pregnancy. Lower plasma levels of vitamins may result in hyperhomocysteinemia, a known risk factor in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are alterations in the serum levels of total homocysteine (tHcy), folate, vitamin B-12, and total nitrite, as an index of NO, in smoking as compared with age-matched nonsmoking pregnant women. Methods: Thirty-three women (19 smoking and 14 nonsmoking) between 16 and 22 weeks of their gestation were included in this study. The serum tHcy levels were analyzed by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Vitamin B12 and folate values were measured by means of DPC kits. Total nitrite was measured by Griess reaction as an index of endogenous NO production. Results: The serum tHcy concentrations were significantly increased in smoking as compared with nonsmoking pregnant women (p<0.001). The folate and vitamin B-12 concentrations were lower in smoking than in nonsmoking pregnant women, but only the differences in folate concentrations were statistically significant (p<0.001). The tHcy concentrations showed a significant negative correlation with folate in the smoking pregnant women. The serum total nitrite concentrations were lower in smoking than in nonsmoking pregnant women (p<0.05). In addition, the serum nitrite levels in smoking pregnant women had significant negative correlations with tHcy and positive correlations with folate and vitamin B-12 levels. Conclusions: In the light of our findings, we propose that smoking might enhance the vasoconstrictor capacity in pregnant women by increased tHcy concentrations and by a simultaneous decrease in the production of NO which is a vasodilator compound. Copyright (C) 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel.Öğe The effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury in rabbits(Oxford Univ Press Inc, 1999) Ilhan, A; Koltuksuz, U; Ozen, S; Uz, E; Ciralik, H; Akyol, OObjective: Oxygen-derived free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of spinal cord neuronal injury after both trauma and ischemia-reperfusion. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an active component of propolis extract, exhibits antioxidant properties. This experimental study was designed to determine the effect of CAFE on ischemia-reperfusion of spinal cord in rabbits. Methods: Forty-one New Zealand white rabbits were used in the study. The animals undergone aortic occlusion were divided into three groups each consisting of 11 rabbits: methylprednisolone (MP), CAFE, and control. CAFE 10 mu mol/kg, methyl prednisolone (MP) 30 mg/kg or similar dose saline were injected intraperitoneally before surgical intervention. Animals were subjected to 21 min of cross-clamp time. At the end of occlusion time, the clamps were removed and restoration of the blood flow was verified visually. Animals in sham group (n = 8) underwent a surgical procedure similar to the other groups but the aorta was not occluded. Neurological status was scored by assessment of hindlimb motor function deficit. Results: The scores in CAFE group was different from control groups at 48 h (3.91 +/- 0.5 vs. 2.91 +/- 0.7; P = 0.0013). Spinal cord specimens were obtained to determine the tissue levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and histological changes. Malondialdehyde levels in control group were increased significantly when compared to sham group (124.22 +/- 24.36 and 41.92 +/- 10.08 nmol/g wet tissue, P = 0.0003). MDA levels in the CAFE group were lower than MP group and differences between the two groups were statistically significant (56.77 +/- 15.265 and 107.74 +/- 19.31 nmol/g wet tissue, P = 0.0001), We did not observe additional tissue injury in CAFE group when compared to control group. SOD and CAT activities were not concordant in all the groups. Conclusions: These results suggest that CAFE may be an available agent to protect the spinal cord from ischemia-reperfusion injury. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V, All rights reserved.Öğe The effects of erdosteine on the activities of some metabolic enzymes during cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats(Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, 2004) Yilmaz, HR; Iraz, M; Sogut, S; Ozyurt, H; Yildirim, Z; Akyol, O; Gergerlioglu, SCisplatin is one of the widely used chemothrapeutic agents. One of the major side effects of the drug is renal toxicity. The aims of the presented study was (1) to investigate the effect of cisplatin on some renal metabolic enzyme activities such as hexokinase (HK), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) in an experimental model of acute renal failure and (2) to examine the protective role of erdosteine, an expectorant agent which has also antioxidant properties on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and the enzyme activities mentioned above. Female Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: sham operation group (n = 6). cisplatin group (n = 9), erdostein + cisplatin group (n = 8). All the chemicals used were applied intraperitoneally. Hexokinase, G6PD, LDH, and MDH activities were determined in the kidney supernatant at the end of the surgical procedures. Spectrophotometric methods were used to determine the activities of above-mentioned enzymes in the kidney tissue. Hexokinase and G6PD activities were found to be increased in cisplatin group compared to control group. G6PD activities were found to be decreased in erdosteine + cisplatin group compared to cisplatin group. There were minimal changes in LDH and MDH activities of the two study groups compared with the control group. The results obtained suggested that the glucose metabolizing metabolic pathways of renal tissue were partially affected from cisplatin toxicity and erdosteine have some protective effects on these enzyme activities. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Erdosteine ameliorates neurological outcome and oxidative stress due to ischemia/reperfusion injury in rabbit spinal cord(W B Saunders Co Ltd, 2004) Ege, E; Ilhan, A; Gurel, A; Akyol, O; Ozen, SObjective. Oxygen-derived free radicals have been suggested as important in degeneration after spinal cord ischemia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether erdosteine has a protective effect against spinal cord ischemia during aortic cross clamping. Materials and methods. New Zealand White rabbits (n = 21) were divided into three groups. In the ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R) (n = 8), the infrarenal aorta of rabbits was cross clamped for 21 min and then reperfused. In erdosteine group, the administration of erdosteine solution (50 mg/kg) was started two days before aortic cross-clamping and rabbits (n = 8) were subjected to ischemia and reperfusion. Animals in control group (n = 5) underwent a surgical procedure similar to the other groups but the aorta was not clamped. The animals were sacrificed at 72 h and histopathological, and biochemical analyses were carried out on the lumbar spinal cords. Results. Erdosteine treatment zoos associated with improved neurological function in the postoperative period. Histopathological examination of spinal cord tissues in erdosteine group revealed changes consistent with mild ischemic injury, but rabbits in I/R group with paraplegia had total destruction of the motor neurons. Biochemical analyses of spinal cord tissues, in the I/R group, revealed a significant increase in the superoxide dismutase, xanthine oxidase, adenosine deaminase and myeloperoxidase activities, and a significant depletion in glutathione peroxidase activity when compared to that of control rabbits. Erdosteine treatment prevented the increase of all these enzymes except adenosine deaminase. Ischemia/reperfusion produced a significant increase in the tissue malondialdehyde levels. Ischemia/reperfusion-induced increments in malondialdehyde content of the spinal cord were significantly prevented by erdosteine treatment. Conclusions. The present study demonstrated that erdosteine treatment before aortic cross clamping ameliorates neurological outcome, neuronal injury and oxidative stress in the rabbit spinal cord.Öğe Erdosteine prevents bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats(Elsevier, 2004) Sogut, S; Ozyurt, H; Armutcu, F; Kart, L; Iraz, M; Akyol, O; Ozen, SOxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, erdosteine, an antioxidant, is expected to have an inhibitor potential against the disease. Rats were given one dose of bleomycin in pulmonary fibrosis groups and saline in controls. The first dose of oral erdosteine (10 mg/kg/day) was given 2 days before the bleomycin injection to achieve the plateau level in blood and continued until killing. At day 14, fibrotic changes were evaluated, using Aschoft's criteria and lung hydroxyproline content. Bleomycin produced a fivefold increase in fibrosis score that was decreased by 87% by erdosteine (P>0.001) and almost twofold increases in hydroxyproline content which were completely prevented by erdosteine. Myeloperoxidase activities and MDA levels, which were significantly higher in the bleomycin group, were then significantly attenuated by erdosteine. These results revealed that oral erdosteine may prevent the development of acute pulmonary inflammation caused by bleomycin injection via the repression of neutrophil accumulation and lipid peroxidation, resulting in the inhibition of subsequent lung fibrosis. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Ginkgo biloba prevents mobile phone-induced oxidative stress in rat brain(Elsevier, 2004) Ilhan, A; Gurel, A; Armutcu, F; Kamisli, S; Iraz, M; Akyol, O; Ozen, SBackground: The widespread use of mobile phones (MP) in recent years has raised the research activities in many countries to determine the consequences of exposure to the low-intensity electromagnetic radiation (EMR) of mobile phones. Since several experimental studies suggest a role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in EMR-induced oxidative damage in tissues, in this study, we investigated the effect of Ginkgo biloba (Gb) on MP-induced oxidative damage in brain tissue of rats. Methods: Rats (EMR+) were exposed to 900 MHz EMR from NIP for 7 days (1 h/day). In the EMR + Gb groups, rats were exposed to EMR and pretreated with Gb. Control and Gb-administrated groups were produced by turning off the mobile phone while the animals were in the same exposure conditions. Subsequently, oxidative stress markers and pathological changes in brain tissue were examined for each groups. Results: Oxidative damage was evident by the: (i) increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in brain tissue, (ii) decrease in brain superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and (iii) increase in brain xanthine oxidase (XO) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities. These alterations were prevented by Gb treatment. Furthermore, Gb prevented the MP-induced cellular injury in brain tissue histopathologically. Conclusion: Reactive oxygen species may play a role in the mechanism that has been proposed to explain the biological side effects of MP, and Gb prevents the MP-induced oxidative stress to preserve antioxidant enzymes activity in brain tissue. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Hair, nail, serum, and urine copper levels in users of copper intrauterine devices and interactions between copper and some other trace elements(Dustri-Verlag Dr Karl Feistle, 1997) Akyol, O; Ersan, F; Akcay, F; Altuntas, Y; Senol, M; Sasmaz, S; Yasar, AWe studied copper (Cu) and some other trace element (Fe, Mg, Zn, and Ca) levels which continuously interact with Cu in hair, nail, serum, and urine of copper intrauterine device (IUD) wearers. This study was performed on 3 groups of women. Twenty-two healthy women were studied as control group (group II), the second group included 18 healthy women who had been using IUD for more than 2 years (group III), and third group included 23 healthy women who had been using IUD for less than 2 years (group III). Cu levels in hair were 37.9 +/- 16.3 ppm in control group, 49.3 +/- 20.0 ppm (p < 0.025) in group I, and 64.5 +/- 29.2 ppm (p < 0.0005) in group III. Cu levels in nail were 21.9 +/- 5.35 ppm in control group, 25.96 +/- 9.05 ppm (p < 0.05) in group II, and 37.71 +/- 11.3 ppm (p < 0.0005) in group III. There was a statistically significant difference between group II and III (p < 0.005). Cu levels were 2.51 +/- 1.1 mu g/ml and 0.33 mu g/ml in serum and urine, respectively in control group, and there were no significant differences between the ether groups. Important differences were also found in the levels of the other trace elements among the groups. In the intracorrelation analyses, positive and negative correlations were present among hair, nail, serum, and urine Cu and the other trace element levels of women using IUD. High levels of Cu in hair and nails showed that Cu, which is released from IUD to intrauterine cavity, was absorbed into the bloodstream and deposited into several organs and tissues like hair and nail. However, requirement of quantitative estimation of excess copper accumulation in tissues by periodical analyses of hair and nail samples from the subjects is controversial.Öğe Increased lipid peroxidation in schizophrenia: a marker of membrane breakdown?(Editions Scientifiques Medicales Elsevier, 2002) Akyol, O[Abstract Not Available]
