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    Assessment of Reliability of Three Different Computer-Assisted Analysis Programs
    (Aves Press Ltd, 2013) Toy, Ebubekir; Malkoc, Siddik; Altindis, Sedat; Aksakalli, Sertac
    Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of cephalometric analysis using 3 different digital analysis programs. Methods: For this study, a dry human skull with the entire mandible, maxilla, and teeth was used. Fifteen lateral and 15 posteroanterior cephalometric digital images were taken by rotating the skull from 08 to 6148 at 28 intervals to obtain different images. Two researchers located the landmarks on the digital images independently using 3 computer-assisted analysis programs, Dolphin Image Software (Dolphin Imaging and Management Solutions), Quick Ceph Image (Quick Ceph Systems Inc), and Vistadent OC (GAC Int Inc). Following the first measurements (T1), all landmarks were relocated within a 2-week interval (T2) by each examiner. A paired and the independent Student t tests were used for intraexaminer and interexaminer measurements, and Pearson correlations were obtained. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to determine intraexaminer repeatability. Results: For the repeated measurements, mean differences were statistically insignificant, and high correlations for the repeated measurements were found, and the intraexaminer correlations were significant for each examiner (p <.001). When the interexaminer correlations of 3 analyses were compared, interexaminer correlations showed high consistency and the lowest Pearson r value was the same angular measurement (S ant-n-ss) (p <.001). ICC values demonstrated high intraexaminer repeatability. The highest value of ICC was the mandibular body length (go-me) for both examiners (p <.001). Conclusion: The 3 tested analysis programs may be accepted as reliable for clinical use.
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    Bone regeneration by low-level laser therapy and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy in the rabbit calvarium
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2016) Acar, Ahmet Huseyin; Yolcu, Umit; Altindis, Sedat; Gul, Mehmet; Alan, Hilal; Malkoc, Siddik
    Objective: We evaluated the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), alone and in combination, in triggering new bone formation. Study design: Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits were given two calvarial defects by using a 6-mm trephine bur, then divided into four treatment groups: control, LLLT, LIPUS, and LLLT + LIPUS. The LLLT and LIPUS groups were treated three times a week for two weeks. The LLLT + LIPUS group received each treatment on the same day, 12 h apart, three days a week for two weeks. The animals were sacrificed after three weeks. Results: LLLT and LIPUS, alone and in combination, enhanced new bone formation in comparison to the untreated controls after three weeks (P < 0.05); the combined therapy did not produce an additive effect. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the efficacy of LLLT or LIPUS in triggering bone regeneration. Therapeutic dose and duration requires further study. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Comparison of the Facial Morphologies of Identical Twins Using Three- Dimensional Photography: A Case Report
    (2016) Hatunoğlu, Erdem; Altindis, Sedat; Toptan, Emine
    The facial morphologies of identical twins were compared using the 3dMD three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetry system. 3D images of the faces of 27-year-old identical twins were acquired and then superimposed. The differences were shown in a color histogram generated using 3dMD Vultus software. The faces of the twins differed in the areas of the zygomatic region, lips, and cheeks. There were no prominent differences in other parts of their faces. Differences in the facial morphology of twins can be detected by superimposing 3D photogrammetry generated images and displaying the data as a color histogram.
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    Effects of different rapid maxillary expansion appliances on facial soft tissues using three-dimensional imaging
    (E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc, 2016) Altindis, Sedat; Toy, Ebubekir; Basciftci, Faruk Ayhan
    Objective: To determine three-dimensional (3D) effects of three different rapid maxillary expansion (RME) appliances on facial soft tissues. Materials and Methods: Forty-two children (18 boys, 24 girls) who required RME treatment were included in this study. Patients were randomly divided into three equal groups: banded RME, acrylic splint RME, and modified acrylic splint RME. For each patient, 3D images were obtained before treatment (T1) and at the end of the 3-month retention (T2) with the 3dMD system. Results: When three RME appliances were compared in terms of the effects on the facial soft tissues, there were no significant differences among them. The mouth and nasal width showed a significant increase in all groups. Although the effect of the acrylic splint RME appliances on total face height was less than that of the banded RME, there was no significant difference between the appliances. The effect of the modified acrylic splint appliance on the upper lip was significant according to the volumetric measurements (P < .01). Conclusions: There were no significant differences among three RME appliances on the facial soft tissues. The modified acrylic splint RME produced a more protrusive effect on the upper lip.
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    Effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on bone formation after the expansion of the inter-premaxillary suture in rats: a histologic and immunohistochemical study
    (Sciendo, 2014) Toy, Ebubekir; Ozturk, Firat; Altindis, Sedat; Kozacioglu, Sumeyye; Toy, Hatice
    Background: Orthodontic maxillary expansion is a commonly-performed treatment approach to correct transverse maxillary deficiencies by separating the mid-palatal suture. To obtain a successful treatment result and prevent relapse, the expanded maxillary sutures require maintenance by means of qualified bone reorganisation. Aim: To assess the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on sutural bone formation after the expansion of the interpremaxillary suture in rats. Methods: Sixteen male Wistar rats, 6 to 8-week old, were used. The expansion appliance comprised a helical spring fabricated from 0.014 inch stainless steel wire (Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany). The rats were divided into two equal groups and randomly assigned to the LIPUS treatment group or a sham-operation group. LIPUS was delivered via a 2.5 cm diameter ultrasound transducer (Exogen, Smith and Nephews, Inc., Memphis, TN, USA) for 20 minutes per day during 7 days of postexpansion retention. Following retention, the rats' maxillae were surgically removed and histologic and immunohistochemical specimens were prepared and examined. Results: The number of osteoblasts and blood vessel dimensions in the ultrasound group increased but was not significant, compared with the control group. A statistically significant difference in osteocalcin, VEGF and TGF-beta immunoreactivities (p < 0.01) was found in the area of the mineralising tissue. Only VEGF immunoreactivity was significant between two groups (p < 0.01) in the fibrous tissue area. Conclusions: The area of mineralising tissue in the LIPUS-applied group expressed activity markers for osteocalcin, VEGF and TGF-beta compared with a surrounding area of fibrous tissue. Cellular activation in the LIPUS group was greater than that of controls. Therefore, LIPUS may be accepted as a useful approach to enhance sutural bone formation. (Aust Orthod J 2014; 30: 176-183)
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    Unusual bifid crista galli in a patient with cleft lip and palate
    (Springer, 2017) Dedeoglu, Numan; Altun, Oguzhan; Kucuk, Eyup Burak; Altindis, Sedat; Hatunoglu, Erdem
    One of the most common craniofacial malformations observed in newborn babies is cleft lip and palate (CLP). This syndrome presents with some anatomic variations. The aim of this study was to understand an anatomic variation of the crista galli that had not been reported previously in patients with CLP. A 17-year-old boy with CLP was referred to an orthodontic clinic for cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging before treatment. Axial and coronal sections and three-dimensional images showed that the crista galli had bifid heads that were attached to each other. Incomplete ossification had resulted in a bifid crista galli and the appearance of a suture in the anterior coronal section of the CBCT images. This anatomic variation could allow penetration of the anterior fossa during endoscopic surgery, which could be dangerous for the patient.