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    Foreign body aspiration in children
    (2020) Gul, Evrim; Cakmak, Muharrem; Gul, Yeliz; Gurger, Mehtap; Sari, Mehmet Yusuf; Atescelik, Metin
    Aim: Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a life-threatening conditional. We aimed to share the results of FBA in children.Material and Methods: We evaluated retrospectively files of 61 patients between the ages 1-10 underwent rigid broncoscopy. It were evaluated the types and anatomic localization of aspirated foreign bodies, the age distribution of children, treatment procedures. The results was assessed by Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. P0.05 was considered significant.Results: The mean ages were 3.29±1.91. 62% of the patients were male, and 38% were female (p0.05). Aspirated foreign body localized right in 38 patients, left in 13 patients, tracheal in 6 patients. Foreign body was observed in the right main bronch in 18 patients, in the right lower lobe bronch in 19 patients, in the medium lobe bronch in 1 patients, in the left main bronch in 9 patients, in the left lower bronchus in 4 patients. Bronchoscopies were negative in four patients, although foreign body aspiration is considered.Conclusion: FBAs are common in children. In children younger than 3 years are more common. The gold standard in treatment is rigid bronchoscopy. The incidence and severity of airway FBA can be reduced by parental education and public awareness.
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    The knockdown of stathmin with si-RNA inhibits invasion of mesothelioma
    (Churchill Livingstone, 2024) Aksoy, Asude; Varoglu, Asuman; Onalan, Ebru Etem; Tektemur, Ahmet; Artas, Gokhan; Koc, Mustafa; Cakmak, Muharrem
    Background To investigate the mechanism of action of stathmin1 (STMN1) in mesothelioma (MSM) and whether it has any role in its treatment. Methods STMN1 expression was examined using immunohistochemistry in biopsy tissues taken from MSM patients. The relationships between the levels of STMN1 expression in the pathology preparations of MSM patients, and the clinicopathological characteristics of these patients, and their survival times were investigated. Transfection of STMN1-specific siRNA into SPC212 cells was compared to negative control siRNAs. The mRNA levels of genes that may play a role in invasion, apoptosis, and autophagy were evaluated by RT-PCR. Results The expression of STMN1 was shown to be high in MSM tissues (p < 0.05). It was found that the only independent predictor factor affecting the survival time of MSM patients was the disease stage (p < 0.05). STMN1 was significantly reduced after siRNA intervention (81.5%). STMN1 with specific siRNA has been shown to suppress invasion by reducing the mRNA levels of cadherin-6 (CDH6), fibroblast growth factor-8 (FGF8), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1A), matrix metallopeptidase 1-2 (gelatinase A) (MMP1-2), and TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 (TIMP2), which are important markers for invasion. Although the expression of apoptosis and autophagy-related genes, caspase-2 (Casp2) and LC-3, was reduced by silencing STMN1 with specific siRNA in western blot analysis, this effect was not observed in PCR results. Conclusions Immunohistochemical analysis of STMN1 may contribute to the differential diagnosis of MSM, and STMN1 may also be considered as a potential therapeutic target in the early invasive stage of MSM therapy.
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    A Methodological Approach to the Religious Education and Teaching Sufistic Guiding Method Based on Journey
    (Dinbilimleri Akad Arastirma Merkezi, 2009) Cakmak, Muharrem
    In the early years of Islam, the Prophet (pbh) himself conducted virtually the activity of communicating and guiding by means of coming together with people in person, making speech to them, strolling downtown and bazaar, masjids and councils. The Sufis who had regarded and perpetuated the heritage of communicating and guiding not only as a prescription of Qur'an but also as the Prophet's (p.h.b) recommendation and tradition brought learning and wisdom to the places where they went both in their journeys with the aim of learning and in the periods in which they were on duty for communicating and guiding and they thought people Qur'an and Islam. The journey having a significant place in Sufi thought and education had also the function of bringing an understanding of a dynamic and mobile life and of education-guiding replacing an understanding of an static (immobile) life and education. For this reason, the mobile aspect of Sufism, that is, the understanding of a mobile-dynamic life and guiding may contribute to the development of a methodology in contemporary education and teaching. The mobile and dynamic education-guiding model of Sufism based on journey is treated under the heading of mobile religious education and teaching in this study. Mobility, which signifies portability and activity, is included in every part of life in the present world and it has taken the form of a service style. Hence in education-guiding services while developing and sustaining the current institutions and applications on the one hand, new methodologies should be developed getting benefited from the historical accumulation on the other hand in order to increase participation and productivity.