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Öğe Bacterial translocation to kidney in rats with intestinal obstruction and the role of nitric oxide.(2009) Özbek E.; Ilbey Y.O.; Cekmen M.; Şimşek A.; Tekerekoglu M.; Sahin M.; Balbay M.D.Objective: Bacterial translocation (BT) is the passage of viable indigenous bacteria from one site to another, such as from gastrointestinal tract to the normally sterile regional mesenteric lymph nodes and than other internal organs. In this study we aimed to investigate the BT to kidney and the protective effect of nitric oxide (NO) inhibition. Material and methods: A total of 40 adult male Wistar albino rats weighing 320-350g were divided into four equal groups. Group 1 (n= 10): control group, group-2 (n = 10) sham control, group-3 (n = 10) simple obstruction, in which ileum was ligated 1-2 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve, group-4 (n = 10), simple obstruction and treated with L-NAME. Twenty four hour after the operation rats were sacrificed and kidneys were removed by sterile manner and trunk blood obtained for NO analysis. BT was defined as any positive culture from the blood and kidney. Results were compared with Mann- Whitney U test. Results: NO levels in control, sham group, simple obstruction group and obstruction plus L-NAME treated group were 14.04 ± 0.65 ?mol/L, 13.03 ± 0.080 ?mol/L, 31.17 ± 0.40 ?mol/L and 12.24 ± 0.70 ?mol/L, respectively. Renal culture results were negative in all controls and sham operated rats. However, all culture results were positive in obstruction group and in 4 in L-NAME-treated group. The most common microorganism that translocated was E. coli. Conclusion: This experimental study shows that BT to rat rat kidneys occurs in bowel obstruction and this can be inhibited by a NO inhibitor, L-NAME. Further studies are needed to define the clinical significance of these findings on urinary tract infection.Öğe The effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on cisplatin nephrotoxicity: Increased antioxidant enzyme activity in kidney(2000) Ozbek E.; Cekmen M.; Turkoz Y.Objective: This article was undertaken to investigate the effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on nephropathy and antioxidant enzyme activities in kidneys treated with anticancer agent cisplatin. Design: An experimental study. Material and methods: Twenty four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in our study. The rats were divided into three groups of 8 animals each: Controls (injected with saline, group 1), injected with cisplatin, and injected with cisplatin plus CAPE. Cisplatin was injected intraperitoneally (ip) 5 mg/kg at a single dose (group 2). Group 3 was injected with 5 mg/kg cisplatin single intraperitoneal injection plus CAPE 10 :M/kg/d for 3 days. 24 h after the last injection, rats were sacrificed. Then, kidneys were quickly removed and decapsulated. The renal cortex was carefully separated from the medulla and homogenized. Blood samples were collected to determine the serum levels of urea and creatinine. Crude extracts were used to determine Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px), Catalase (CAT), and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activities. Results were compared with Mann-Whitney-U test. Results: Cisplatin administration resulted in a significant decrease of GSH-Px, CAT, and SOD activities in the kidney compared to controls. In the rats treated with cisplatin plus CAPE, there was a remarkable restoration in GSH-Px, CAT, SOD activities (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that cisplatin suppresses SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities in the kidney, thereby making the tissue more vulnerable to oxidative stress and peroxidative attacks. These findings also indicate that CAPE given concomitantly with cisplatin could protect the kidney tissue against free radical injury because of antioxidative power of CAPE.Öğe Malon dialdehyde, nitrite and adrenomedullin levels in patients with premenstrual syndrome(2007) Balat O.; Dikensoy E.; Ugur M.G.; Atmaca R.; Cekmen M.; Yurekli M.Objective: To assess the levels of malon dialdehyde (MDA); a lipid peroxide product, total nitrite; a stabile product of nitric oxide (NO), and adrenomedulin (AM), to determine whether their levels are altered in premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and to search for their possible pathophysiological role in this peculiar syndrome. Study design: Twenty-one patients aged between 28 and 37 years, who had regular menses for at least six previous cycles, and were in general good health condition, were taken into the study. Blood samples were obtained from each patient at the 3rd and 21st day of their menstrual cycles. AM, nitrite, MDA and estradiol levels have been assessed in these samples for each patient. Results: No statistically significant difference in terms of age, parity and body mass index was detected among groups (P > 0.05). Nitric oxide levels were higher on the 3rd day, compared to 21st day in the study group, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In the study group, 21st day AM levels were significantly higher when compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Even though various stress symptoms are present in PMS, there is no change in the levels of MDA, an oxidative distress indicator but AM and NO may have a pathophysiological role on this enigmatic disease. © 2006 Springer-Verlag.
