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Öğe Cytotoxicity evaluation of dentin bonding agents by dentin barrier test on 3-dimensional pulp cells(Mosby-Elsevier, 2011) Sengun, Abdulkadir; Yalcin, Muhammet; Ulker, Hayriye Esra; Ozturk, Bora; Hakki, Sema S.Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 4 dentin-bonding agents on the cell viability of bovine derived cells. Study design. Cytotoxicity of dentin-bonding agents (G-Bond [GB], Adper Prompt Self-Etch [APSE], Clearfil DC Bond System [CDCB], and Quadrant University-1-Bond [UB]) was analyzed with a dentin barrier test device using 3-dimensional (3D) pulp cell cultures. A commercially available cell culture perfusion chamber was separated into 2 compartments using a 500 mu m dentin disk. The 3D cultures were placed on a dentin disk and held in place with a special biocompatible stainless steel holder. Test materials were introduced into the upper compartment in direct contact with the cavity side of the dentin disks according to the manufacturer's instructions. Subsequently, the pulpal part of the perfusion chamber containing the cell cultures was perfused with a medium (2 mL/h). After an exposure period of 24 hours, cell survival was determined by using the MTT assay. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results. In the dentin barrier test, cell survival rates of UB and CDCB were similar to the control group (P > .05). However, all other tested materials were cytotoxic for the 3D pulp-derived cell cultures (P > .05). Conclusions. Dentin-bonding agents include biologically active ingredients and may modify pulp cell metabolism when the materials are used in deep cavities in spite of a dentin barrier. If these adhesive agents are used in deep cavities, a biocompatible cavity liner should be used. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011; 112: e83-e88)Öğe Dietary boron does not affect tooth strength, micro-hardness, and density, but affects tooth mineral composition and alveolar bone mineral density in rabbits fed a high-energy diet(Elsevier Gmbh, 2015) Hakki, Sema S.; Malkoc, Siddik; Dundar, Niyazi; Kayis, Seyit Ali; Hakki, Erdogan E.; Hamurcu, Mehmet; Baspinar, NuriThe objective of this study was to determine whether dietary boron (B) affects the strength, density and mineral composition of teeth and mineral density of alveolar bone in rabbits with apparent obesity induced by a high-energy diet. Sixty female, 8-month-old, New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned for 7 months into five groups as follows: (1) control 1, fed alfalfa hay only (5.91 MJ/kg and 57.5 mg B/kg); (2) control 2, high energy diet (11.76 MJ and 3.88 mg B/kg); (3) B10, high energy diet + 10 mg B gavage/kg body weight/96 h; (4) B30, high energy diet + 30 mg B gavage/kg body weight/96 h; (5) B50, high energy diet + 50 mg B gavage/kg body weight/96 h. Maxillary incisor teeth of the rabbits were evaluated for compression strength, mineral composition, and micro-hardness. Enamel, dentin, cementum and pulp tissue were examined histologically. Mineral densities of the incisor teeth and surrounding alveolar bone were determined by using micro-CT. When compared to controls, the different boron treatments did not significantly affect compression strength, and micro-hardness of the teeth, although the B content of teeth increased in a dose-dependent manner. Compared to control 1, B50 teeth had decreased phosphorus (P) concentrations. Histological examination revealed that teeth structure (shape and thickness of the enamel, dentin, cementum and pulp) was similar in the B-treated and control rabbits. Micro CT evaluation revealed greater alveolar bone mineral density in B10 and B30 groups than in controls. Alveolar bone density of the B50 group was not different than the controls. Although the B treatments did not affect teeth structure, strength, mineral density and micro-hardness, increasing B intake altered the mineral composition of teeth, and, in moderate amounts, had beneficial effects on surrounding alveolar bone. (C) 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.Öğe Modification of Maxillary Sinus Floor With Orthodontic Treatment and Implant Therapy: A Case Letter(Allen Press Inc, 2014) Saglam, Mehmet; Akman, Serhan; Malkoc, Siddik; Hakki, Sema S.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Real-time cell analysis of the cytotoxicity of orthodontic brackets on gingival fibroblasts(Sage Publications Ltd, 2014) Toy, Ebubekir; Malkoc, Siddik; Corekci, Bayram; Bozkurt, Buket S.; Hakki, Sema S.Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of 6 different orthodontic bracket types on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) using the xCELLigence system. Methods: The orthodontic brackets used in this study were gold-plated steel (Apollo Gold), titanium (Rematitan), stainless steel (Equilibrium 2), lucid ice (Inspire ICE), metal-reinforced ceramic (Clarity) and composite (OrthoFlex). Gingival fibroblasts were isolated from human gingival connective tissue of systemically healthy individuals. Tested brackets were incubated in DMEM culture medium for 72 hours according to ISO 10993-5 standards. Gingival fibroblasts were maintained with Dulbecco modified Eagle medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. The xCELLigence system was used to evaluate cell survival. The statistical analysis used was ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison tests. Results: When the data were evaluated in the 30th hour, Apollo Gold showed significant decreases in cell index (P<0.001). It also showed statistically significant decreases (P<0.001) in the 65th hour, but Clarity and Inspire ICE showed significant increases in cell indices (P<0.001, P<0.01). In the 114th hour, Clarity and Equilibrium 2 showed statistically significant increases in cell indices (P<0.001). Inspire ICE and Rematitan demonstrated significant increases (P<0.05). There were significant decreases in cell index of Apollo Gold (P<0.001). Conclusions: The tested brackets are suitable for clinical application, but further studies using different test methods are needed for gold-plated brackets.Öğe Real-time cell analysis of the cytotoxicity of orthodontic mini-implants on human gingival fibroblasts and mouse osteoblasts(Mosby-Elsevier, 2012) Malkoc, Siddik; Ozturk, Firat; Corekci, Bayram; Bozkurt, Buket S.; Hakki, Sema S.Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of orthodontic mini-implants on gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts. Methods: The orthodontic mini-implants used in this study were Orthodontic Mini Implant (Leone, Florence, Italy), MTN (MTN, Istanbul, Turkey), AbsoAnchor (Dentos, Daegu, South Korea), IMTEC Ortho (3M Unitek, IMTEC, Ardmore, Okla), VectorTAS (Ormco, Glendora, Calif). The materials were incubated in Dulbecco's modified eagle's culture medium for 72 hours according to ISO 10993-5 standards (surface area-to-volume ratio of the specimen to cell-culture medium, 3 cm(2)/mL). A real-time cell analyzer (xCELLigence, Roche Applied Science, Mannheim, Germany; ACEA Biosciences, San Diego, Calif) was used to evaluate cell survival. After seeding 200 mu L of the cell suspensions into the wells of the E-plate 96, gingival fibroblasts were treated with bioactive components released by the metallic materials and monitored every 15 minutes for 190 hours. For the proliferation experiments, the statistical analyses used were 1-way analysis of variance and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparisons tests. Results: There was no significant differences between the human gingival fibroblast cell indexes of the control and study groups (P>0.05). When evaluated at 27 and 96 hours, only the VectorTAS mini-implants showed statistically significant decreases in the M3T3 cell index (P < 0.001) compared with the control group. No significant differences were found among the control and all study groups (P>0.05). Furthermore, the Leone and MTN mini-implants showed statistically significant decreases (P < 0.001) at 190 hours. Also, the VectorTAS mini-implants demonstrated a significant decline (P < 0.05) at the same time in the M3T3 cell index. Conclusions: These findings provide fundamental knowledge and new insights for future design and development of new biocompatible titanium alloys for orthodontic mini-implants and temporary anchorage devices. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012;141:419-26)Öğe Real-time cell analysis of the cytotoxicity of the components of orthodontic acrylic materials on gingival fibroblasts(Mosby-Elsevier, 2011) Ozturk, Firat; Malkoc, Siddik; Ersoz, Mustafa; Hakki, Sema S.; Bozkurt, Buket S.Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of 3 orthodontic acrylic materials and 2 manipulation methods. Methods: The orthodontic acrylic materials Orthocryl EQ (Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany), Orthoplast (Vertex Dental, Zeist, The Netherlands), and O-80 (Imicryl, Konya, Turkey) were prepared with 2 polymerization methods (doughing and spray on). Totally, 60 cylinders (5 x 2 mm), fabricated by using a different acrylic and method, were divided into 6 groups. Gingival fibroblasts were isolated from gingival connective tissue of systemically healthy subjects. Materials were incubated in Dulbecco's modified eagle's medium culture medium (Biological Industries, Beit Haemek, Israel) for 72 hours according to ISO 10993-5 standards (surface area to volume ratio of the specimen to cell-culture medium: 3 cm(2)/mL). Gingival fibroblasts were maintained with Dulbecco's modified eagle medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. A real-time cell analyzer (RT-CES, xCELLigence; Roche Applied Science, Mannheim, Germany, and ACEA Biosciences, San Diego, Calif) was used to evaluate cell survival. After seeding 200 mu L of the cell suspensions into the wells (20,000 cells/well) of the E-plate 96, gingival fibroblasts were treated with bioactive components released by the acrylic materials (1/1 and 1/2 dilutions) and monitored every 15 minutes for 121 hours. For the proliferation experiments, the statistical analyses used were 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparisons tests. Results: There was no significant difference between the cell indexes of the control and study groups for the 1/1 and 1/2 dilutions at 21 and 32 hours. When evaluated at 68 hours, all 1/2 dilutions of acrylic materials showed statistically insignificant differences (P >0.05) except for Orthoplast (P <0.05). But all acrylic materials were different from the control group in the 1/1 dilutions (P <0.001). At 121 hours, all test groups were significantly different from the untreated control group (P <0.001). Conclusions: The results indicate that the long cycle increased the cytotoxicity of the tested materials, and there was no significant difference between the spray-on and doughing methods on cytotoxicity. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011; 140:e243-e249)