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Öğe Aminoguanidine prevents ototoxicity induced by cisplatin in rats(Ann Clin Lab Sci, 2005) Iraz, Mustafa; Kalcıoğlu, Mahmut Tayyar; Kızılay, Ahmet; Karataş, ErkanCisplatin (CDDP) is one of the most potent antineoplastic drugs, but its therapeutic use is limited by side effects such as ototoxicity. This study tested the effect of aminoguanidine (AG), a specific inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, on CDDP ototoxicity. Female Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: saline controls (n = 7), CDDP (n = 7), CDDP plus AG (n = 7), and AG (n = 7). Rats in the CDDP group received a single injection of cisplatin (16 mg/kg, ip). Rats in the CDDP plus AG group received aminoguanidine (20 mg/kg, ip) twice daily on the day before and on 5 consecutive days after a single injection of CDDP (16 mg/kg, ip). Rats in the AG group received aminoguanidine (20 mg/ kg, ip) twice daily for 6 days. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were elicited from the control and experimental animals utilizing a standard commercial otoacoustic emissions apparatus. DPOAEs were measured in the rats on day 0, prior to any drug administration, and on day 5. The initial baseline distortion product diagrams (DPgram) and input/output (I/O) function measurements gave similar results in all 4 groups. On day 5, there was significant deterioration of the DPgrams and I/O functions in the CDDP group; no significant changes of DPgrams and I/O functions were observed on day 5 in the other 3 groups. The median amplitudes of DPgrams and I/O functions revealed significant differences between the CDDP group and the other 3 groups. These results suggest that AG had a preventive effect against CDDP ototoxicity. In summary, this study indicates that AG prevents the cochlear dysfunction and hearing loss induced in rats by a single dose of CDDP.Öğe Anjiyotensin dönüştürücü enzim inhibisyonu ve atı reseptör blokajının sıçanda miyokardiyal iskemi-reperfüzyon hasarındaki mortalite ve kardiyak markırlara etkisi(İnönü Üniversitesi, 2002) Iraz, MustafaKardiyovasküler sistem hastalıklan, başta sosyo-ekonomik düzeyi yüksek toplumlar olmak üzere, tüm dünyada en sık ölüm nedenidir. En sık koroner kalp hastalığı (KKH) şeklinde gözlenir. KKH’na bağlı iskemi durumunda miyositlerin ölümünü önlemek için erken dönemde reperfüzyonun sağlanması gerekir. Bu nedenle, erken dönemde tanının konması son derece önemlidir. Tanıda öykü ve EKG bulgularının yamsıra, kalpteki doku hasarım gösteren markırlann tayini gereklidir. Reperfüzyonun kendisinin de hücre hasarının artması, ciddi ventriküler aritmiler gibi olumsuz etkileri vardır. Reperfüzyon hasarının önlenmesine yönelik olarak (3-blokörler, Ca+2 kanal blokörleri, serbest radikal yakalayıcı ajanlar ve anjiotensin dönüştürücü enzim (ADE) inhibitörleri kullamlmaktadır. Anjiotensin II (Ali) tip 1 reseptör (ATı) blokörlerinin koruyucu etkileri ile ilgili olarak ise çeşitli çalışmalarda farklı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir.Bu çalışmada ADE inhibitörü kaptopril ile AT ı reseptör blokörü losartamn, in vivo sıçan modelinde kardiyak iskemi-reperfüzyon (I/R)’a bağh aritmiler ve kardiyak hasarın biyokimyasal markırlarına etkilerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlandı.Öğe Ankaferd Blood Stopper Is More Effective Than Adrenaline Plus Lidocaine and Gelatin Foam in the Treatment of Epistaxis in Rabbits(Elsevier Science Inc, 2011) Kelles, Mehmet; Kalcioglu, M. Tayyar; Samdanci, Emine; Selimoglu, Erol; Iraz, Mustafa; Miman, Murat Cem; Haznedaroglu, Ibrahim C.BACKGROUND: Epistaxis is an important emergency that can sometimes be life threatening without effective intervention. Persistent and recurrent bleeding can lead to aspiration, hypotension, hypoxia, or even severe and mortal cardiovascular complications. Providing prompt hemostasis is important, and the hemostatic method used must be easily and locally applicable, efficient, and inexpensive. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the hemostatic efficacy of Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS) in an experimental epistaxis model and to determine the histopathologic alterations with topical ABS application. METHODS: Twenty-eight New Zealand rabbits were evaluated in 4 study groups. Topical ABS, gelatin foam (GF), adrenalin + lidocaine (AL), and serum physiologic as negative control (C) were applied to the animals for controlling epistaxis. The bleeding was generated with a standard mucosal incision in all groups. Cotton pieces soaked with ABS, AL, C, and GF were applied to the nasal bleeding area. Time of hemostasis was recorded. Tissue samples were obtained after hemostasis for histopathologic examination. The samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin (PTAH) and were examined under a light microscope. In this experimental study, the observers were blind to ABS, AL, and C but not to GF, because of its solid nature. RESULTS: Median durations required for hemostasis in ABS, AL, GF, and C groups were recorded as 30, 90, 90, and 210 seconds, respectively. The time until termination of bleeding in the ABS group was significantly shorter than that in the AL, GF, and C groups (P = 0.002, P = 0.002, and P = 0.001, respectively). On histopathologic evaluation, after staining with HE, minimal fibrin at the incision edges and a few extravasated erythrocytes were observed in the C, AL, and GF groups. In the ABS group, a dark amorphous material surrounded by fibrin, filling the space between the edges of incisions, was noticed. Fibrin was determined in the C, GF, and AL groups with PTAH stain and in the positive control group. In the ABS group, it was observed that the amorphous substance surrounded by fibrin seen in the HE sections was not stained with PTAH. CONCLUSIONS: Topical nasal ABS application controlled epistaxis faster than C, GF, and AL in this animal bleeding model. The bleeding model used here might fail to replicate the type of injury that would be likely to result in life-threatening bleeding in humans, which should be considered a limitation of the present study. The histopathologic findings in the nasal incision area suggest that ABS might affect global hemostasis by inducing a unique protein network formation, potentially representing a different mechanism of action among conventional antihemorrhagic applications. (Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2011;72:185-194) (C) 2011 Elsevier HS Journals, Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Caffeic acid phenethyl ester ameliorated ototoxicity induced by cisplatin inrats(J Chemother, 2004) Kızılay, Ahmet; Kalcıoğlu, Mahmut Tayyar; Özerol, Elif; Iraz, Mustafa; Güleç, Mukaddes; Akyol, Ömer; Özturan, OrhanCaffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an active component of propolis, exhibits antioxidant properties. This experimental study was designed to determine the effect of CAPE on ototoxicity induced with cisplatin. Twenty-four adult Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: cisplatin (n=6), saline (n=6), CAPE (n=6), and cisplatin plus CAPE (n=6). Rats were tested before and 5 days after cisplatin treatment with or without chemo protection. The Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAEs) were elicited from the control and experimental animals utilizing the standard commercial Otoacoustic Emission (OAEs) apparatus. The animals in all groups were sacrificed under general anesthesia on the fifth day following last OAE measurements. For biochemical investigations, the blood samples were drawn from inferior vena cava On day 0, the initial baseline DPOAEs measurement results presented similar values while comparing the groups in drug free phase (p>0.05). On day 5, intrasubject measurement parameters of DPgrams and I/O functions of cisplatin group were significantly deteriorated (p<0.05). The second measurements of the other groups revealed no significant differences between their DPgrams and I/O functions in all frequencies (p>0.05). Among the biochemical parameters, plasma xanthine oxidase (XO) activity was found to be more elevated in the cisplatin group than the saline group (p<0.05). CAPE led to more decreased XO activity than cisplatin (p<0.05). The results of this study show that prophylactic administration of CAPE for cisplatin ototoxicity ameliorated hearing deterioration in rats.Öğe Carbontetrachloride induced acute liver damage and protective effect of n-acetylcysteine on rats with regenerated and non-regenerated liver(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2016) Bilgic, Sedat; Ozerol, Elif; Iraz, Mustafa; Sahin, Nurhan; Tanbek, Kevser; Cigli, AhmetObjective: Our aim was to investigate 70% partial hepatectomy (PH) groups, compare with not subjected to PH groups after exposure to hepatotoxic agents for alterations in the protective effects of antioxidant agents and sensitivity of the liver. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate the toxicity of a hepatotoxic agent, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), and protective effects of an antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), in experimental animal model. Methods: 67 male Wistar Albino rats were divided into 2 main groups to total 9 subgroups: group 1, underwent PH; group 2, not subjected to PH. 0.5 ml/kg CCl4 and 50 mg/kg NAC was given intraperitoneally (i.p.) to the groups. On postoperative day 9, 70% PH was performed according to the method of Higgins and Anderson. Finally, all rats were humanely killed. Results: Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly lower in both groups when CCl4 was administered. NAC treatment was found to significantly increase these parameters (P<0.05). Malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) levels were significantly greater in both groups when CCl4 was administered (P<0.05). NAC treatment was found to significantly reduce these parameters. Conclusion: These results indicated that CCl4 increased oxidation products, reduced liver enzymatic activity and reduced proliferation activity in both hepatectomised and nonhepatectomised liver. The liver injury of CCl4 and the protective effect of NAC was similarly in both main groups. Consequently, making PH may not create a negative effect and an additional health problems in liver. Thus, these results can positively affect the decisions of the healthy liver donors.Öğe Deneysel diyabetin sıçan böbreklerinde meydana getirdiği histolojik değişiklikler(2005) Öztürk, Feral; Eşrefoğlu, Mukaddes; Iraz, Mustafa; Gül, Mehmet; Kuruş, Meltem; Otlu, AliÖZET: Amaç: Bu çalışma, deneysel tip 1 diyabetin ve fizyopatolojisi taklit edilen tip 2 diyabetin sıçan böbreklerinde oluşturabileceği hasarın histokimyasal ve immunohistokimyasal olarak incelenmesi ve birbirleriyle karşılaştırılması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada kullanılan Sprague Dawley cinsi, 15 adet erişkin erkek sıçan; kontrol, streptozotosin (STZ) ve fruktoz gruplarına ayrıldı. STZ grubuna tek doz STZ (45mg/kg) intraperitoneal olarak uygulandı. Fruktoz grubuna 8 hafta boyunca %10 D-fruktoz içeren içme suyu verildi. 8 haftanın sonunda öldürülen sıçanların sol böbrekleri alınarak rutin tespit ve doku takibi sonrasında histokimyasal ve immuhistokimyasal olarak boyanarak ışık mikroskobunda incelendi. Bulgular: STZ ve fruktoz gruplarında korteksde histolojik değişiklikler izlendi. Her iki grupta da glomerül kapiller bazal membranında kalınlaşma, mezengial matriksde artış bazı glomerüllerin Bowman kapsülü pariyetal yaprağında kalınlaşma ve nadiren tubül bazal membranında kalınlaşma izlendi. Fruktoz grubunda ayrıca arteriol duvarında kalınlaşma izlendi. Sonuç: Her iki tip deneysel diyabette sıçan böbreklerinde benzer bulgular oluştuğu ve bu bulguların muhtemelen hipergliseminin oluşturduğu direkt ve/veya indirekt etkilere bağlı olarak geliştiği sonucuna varıldı.Öğe Deneysel diyabetin sıçan böbreklerinde meydana getirdiği histolojik değişiklikler üzerine melatoninin iyileştirici etkileri(İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 2005) Vardı, Nigar; Iraz, Mustafa; Öztürk, Feral; Uçar, Muharrem; Gül, Mehmet; Eşrefoğlu, Mukaddes; Otlu, AliÖz: Amaç: Bu çalışma, streptozotosin (STZ) ile oluşturulan diyabetik rat modelinde, sıçan böbreklerinde oluşan histolojik değişiklikler üzerine melatoninin iyileştirici etkilerinin araştırılması amacıyla planlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada kullanılan Spraque-Dawley cinsi; 15 adet erişkin dişi sıçan: kontrol, diyabet (D) ve melatonin ile tedavi edilen diyabet (DM) gruplarına ayrıldı. Deneysel diyabet D ve DM gruplarında tek doz STZ'nin (45 mg/kg) intraperitoneal uygulanması ile oluşturuldu. Diyabet oluşturulduktan sonra, DM grubuna 8 hafta her gün 10 mg/kg melatonin i.p. olarak uygulandı. Deneyin sonunda sıçanların kan-glikoz seviyeleri ölçüldü. Örnekler rutin doku takibinden sonra, parafine gömüldü. Histokimyasal ve immunohistokimyasal boyamaların ardından, kesitler ışık mikroskopta incelendi. Bulgular: Diyabet grubundaki sıçanların, kontrol ve DM grubuna göre kan-glikoz düzeyleri önemli derecede yükselirken, vücut ağırlıkları belirgin şekilde azaldı. Diyabete bağlı olarak gelişen temel histolojik değişiklikler glomerul ve tubül bazal membranları ile epitel hücrelerinde gözlendi. Uygulanan melatonin tedavisiyle, bu bulguların önemli ölçüde hafiflediği tesbit edildi. Sonuç: Kronik melatonin uygulaması STZ ile sıçanlarda oluşturulan diyabetin neden olduğu böbrek hasarını azalttı. Bu yüzden melatoninin diyabetik böbrek hasarının gelişimini önleyeceğini veya bulguları hafifleteceğini düşünmekteyiz. Yine de diyabetik komplikasyonlar üzerindeki pozitif etkisini göstermek için uzun süreli kullanımlar ile ilgili daha ileriki çalışmalara ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır.Öğe Deneysel Diyabetin Sıçan Böbreklerinde Meydana Getirdiği Histolojik Değişiklikler+(İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 2006) Öztürk, Feral; Iraz, Mustafa; Eşrefoğlu, Mukaddes; Kuruş, Meltem; Gül, Mehmet; Otlu, AliThis study was designed to detect and evaluate the histochemical and immunohistochemical alterations in rat kidney histology following streptozotocin (STZ)-induced and fructose-induced experimental diabetes. Material and Methods: Fifteen male Sprague-Dawley adult rats were divided into three groups as control, STZ and fructose groups. STZ group rats received a single dose of STZ (45mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Fructose group rats were fed by tap water containing 10 % D-fructose for 8 weeks. At the end of eight weeks rats were killed, left kidneys were removed. Following routine tissue process, kidneys were embedded in paraffin. Histochemical and immunohistochemical stains were applied and the specimens examined by light microscope. Results: In both STZ and fructose groups histological changes were observad in the cortex. Increase of Basal membrane thickness in glomerule capillary, mesangial matrix, thickness in parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule and rare tubular basal membrane thickness were detected in both groups. In fructose group arteriol walls also showed increased thickness. Conclusion: We concluded that both STZ and fructose induced experimental diabetes led to similar findings in rat kidneys and these findings probably occur as direct and/or indirect results of hyperglisemia.Öğe Deneysel diyabetin sıçan endokrin pankreasında oluşturduğu morfolojik değişiklikler(Türkiye Klinikleri Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi, 2003) Vardı, Nigar; Uçar, Muharrem; Iraz, Mustafa; Öztürk, FeralÖz: Amaç: Diyabet, ß hücrelerinden salgılanan insülin hormonunun yetersiz miktarda ya da hiç salgılanmaması sonucu meydana gelen metabolik bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmada; deneysel tip 1 diyabet oluşturulan ve tip 2 diyabet fizyopatolojisinin taklit edildiği sıçanlarda Langerhans adacıklarında oluşan morfolojik değişikliklerin, ışık mikroskopik seviyede araştırılması ve değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve metod: Çalışmada kullanılan 15 adet erişkin Sprague- Dawley cinsi erkek sıçan, kontrol, streptozotosin (STZ) ve fruktoz gruplarına ayrıldı. STZ grubuna tek doz intraperitoneal 45mg/kg STZ uygulanarak deneysel tip 1 diyabet oluşturuldu. Fruktoz grubuna 8 hafta boyunca % 10 D-fruktoz içeren içme suyu verilerek, tip 2 diyabet fizyopatolojisi taklit edildi. 8 haftanın sonunda her 3 grup sakrifiye edilerek, pankreasları alındı. Rutin tesbit ve doku takibi sonrası ışık mikroskopik olarak incelendi.Bulgular: Serum-glikoz düzeyi, fruktoz grubunda 158.4 ± 28.8 mg/dl, STZ grubunda ise 445.8 ± 73.8 mg/d l olarak bulundu (p<0.05). Fruktoz ve STZ gruplarının her ikisinde de pankreasın ekzokrin bölümünde herhangi bir patoloji izlenmedi. Fruktoz ve kontrol grubuna göre, STZ grubunda adacıklar küçülmüş ve yapısı bozulmuştu. Aldehit- fuksin (A-F) ile boyanan preparatlarda, ß hücre granülleri STZ ve fruktoz gruplarının her ikisi de azalmıştı. Sonuç: Bu çalışma; STZ grubunda pankreas adacıklarının sınırlarının ve şeklinin bozulduğunu, ancak fruktoz grubunda adacık yapısının kontrole yakın olduğunu gösterdi. Buna rağmen her iki grupta da (STZ ve fruktoz)Öğe Deneysel karaciğer iskemi-reperfüzyon oluşturulan sıçanlarda E vitamini ve kafeik asit fenetil ester'in (CAPE) metabolik enzimlere etkileri(Ege Tıp Dergisi, 2002) Uz, Efkan; Yılmaz, H. Ramazan; Iraz, Mustafa; Fadıllıoğlu, Ersin; Özyurt, Hüseyin; Söğüt, Sadık; Akyol, ÖmerÖz: Bu çalışmada, deneysel olarak iskemi-reperfüzyon (l/R) oluşturulan sıçan karaciğerlerinde karbohidrat metabolizmasının önemli enzimleri olan heksokinaz (HK), glukoz-6-fosfat dehidrogenaz (G6PD), 6-fosfoglukonat dehidrogenaz (6PGD), laktat dehidrogenaz (LDH) ve malat dehidrogenaz (MDH) enzimleri çalışılmış ve bu enzimlerin aktivitelerine E vitamini ve kafeik asit fenetil ester (CAPE)'in etkileri araştırılmıştır. Wistar Albino erkek sıçanlar 10'arlı 4 gruba ayrılmıştır, iskemireperfüzyon gruplarına izotonik, E vitamini ve CAPE intrapehtoneal olarak uygulanmıştır. Izotonik+l/R grubunda sham grubuna göre HK, G6PD ve 6PGD aktiviteleri anlamlı olarak artarken, LDH ve MDH aktiviteleri ise anlamlı olarak azalmıştır. E vitamini uygulanan sıçanların HK ve 6PGD aktivitelerinde izotonik+l/R grubuna göre anlamlı artış varken, LDH ve MDH aktivitelerinde ise anlamlı azalma saptanmıştır. CAPE uygulanan sıçanlar izotonik+l/R grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında HK, G6PD ve 6PGD aktivitelerinde anlamlı artış ve LDH aktivitesinde anlamlı azalma gözlenmiştir. CAPE ile sham grupları arasında anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır CAPE uygulanan sıçanlar E vitamini grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında HK, G6PD, 6PGD ve MDH aktivitelerinin değerlerinde anlamlı artış oluşmuştur. Sonuç olarak CAPE'nin, E vitaminine göre hasarlı dokuda glikoliz ve pentoz fosfat yolunun bütünlüğünü daha iyi koruduğu ve hasarı azalttığı, sitrik asit siklusunu da daha aktif tutarak enerji üretimini desteklediği söylenebilir. Bu etkisini direkt olarak bu metabolik enzimlerin indüksiyonunu artırarak/azaltarak değil de, daha önceki çalışmalarımızda da gösterildiği gibi doku hasarını azaltarak indirekt yoldan yaptığını düşünmekteyiz.Öğe Does Aluminum Cause Ototoxicity in Rats?(Aves, 2011) Selimoglu, Erol; Bayindir, Tuba; Iraz, Mustafa; Gul, Mehmet; Durgun, Yesim; Erdem, Tamer; Kalcioglu, TayyarBackground: Aluminum (Al) is a nonessential and toxic metal to which humans are frequently exposed. Except one study which revealed adverse effects of serum Al levels on the auditory functions in hemodialysis patients, there is not any other study on the effects of Al on auditory functions. Study design: Acute and chronic effects of Al on rat auditory system were investigated in that randomized controlled study. Methods: Forty five male Sprague-Dawley rats were included. Rats were divided into six groups according to the dose and route of Aluminum chloride (AlCl3): in groups A (n=7), B (n=9), and C (n=9), intraperitoneally (IP) AlCl3 was injected in doses of 1 mg/kg, 5mg/kg, and 80mg/kg, respectively; in control group (group K, n=6), saline was injected IP; in groups D (n=7) and E (n=7) oral AlCl3 was administered in doses of 5mg/kg, and 50mg/kg, respectively. OAE measurement was performed for four times in IP AlCl3 groups; before and on the 1st, 7th, and 14th days after aluminum administration. In oral group OAE measurement was performed before and on the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months after aluminum administration. The distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) at 2f1-f2 were recorded and analyzed. Histological examination of the cochlea was performed. Results: DPOAE measurements of all groups before and after AlCl3 administrations were not statistically different. Histological examination revealed normal stria vascularis, spiral ganglion and organ of cord in all groups. Conclusion: Neither acute nor chronic administration of AlCl3 in aforementioned doses and routes caused neither clinical nor histological ototoxicity.Öğe DOSE DEPENDENT EFFECTS OF CAFFEIC ACID PHENETHYL ESTER ON HEART RATE AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN RATS(Modestum Ltd, 2005) Iraz, Mustafa; Fadillioglu, Ersin; Tasdemir, Seda; Ates, Burhan; Erdogan, SelimAim: Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is one of the major components of honeybee propolis and its structure is similar to flavonoids. The molecular mechanisms of the effects of CAPE on various systems including cardiovascular system have not been known well. The aim of the present study was to investigate the short term dose dependent in vivo cardiovascular effects including heart rate and blood pressure changes induced by CAPE in Sprague Dawley rats. Methods: The rats were anaesthetized and randomly divided into six groups (n: 6 rats) as follows: the first two groups of rats were injected 0.9% NaCl or 10% alcohol; the other groups were injected 1 mg kg(-1), 5 mg kg(-1) 10 mg kg(-1) or 20 mg kg(-1) CAPE i.v. Results: CAPE injection caused decrease in mean blood pressure (MBP) up to 20 sec. for 1 mg CAPE group and up to 2 min for 5 and 10 mg CAPE groups. On the other hand, heart rate (HR) was found to be decreased up to 10 min. for 10 mg CAPE group Conclusion: CAPE causes decrease in both HR and MBP and may affect conduction velocity and contractility in heart due to possible effects on neuronal transmission.Öğe The Effect of Beta Glucan on Cisplatin Ototoxicity(Springer India, 2014) Bayindir, Tuba; Iraz, Mustafa; Kelles, Mehmet; Kaya, Serdar; Tan, Mehmet; Filiz, Aliye; Toplu, YukselThis study was undertaken to investigate the effect of betaglucan in ameliorating cisplatin ototoxicity. Rats were divided into four groups: cisplatin (C), cisplatin plus beta glucan (CB), beta glucan (B), and control (K). Distortion product otoacoustic emissions were elicited in 0th, 1st, and 5th days. For the group C differences were observed at 8,003 and 9,515 Hz between 0th and 5th days' measurements. In the group CB there were differences at frequencies of 3,996, 4,757, 5,660, and 6,726 Hz between 0th and 5th days' measurements. For the group B there were significant recovery in some frequencies. The observation of significant deterioration in terms of hearing in the group treated with cisplatin plus betaglucan may be suggested that depended on the increase of permeability and tissue conductance into the inner ear which may be caused by betaglucan. Further long-term follow-up studies by using different doses may clarify this matter.Öğe The effect of lycopene on the ototoxicity induced by cisplatin(Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 2014) Çiçek, Mehmet Turan; Kalcıoğlu, Mahmut Tayyar; Bayındır, Tuba; Toplu, Yüksel; Iraz, MustafaÖz: Başlık (İngilizce): Öz (İngilizce): Background/aim: To determine the efficacy of lycopene, which is considered an antioxidant agent, in decreasing the cochlear damage induced by cisplatin. Materials and methods: A total of 38 rats were randomized into 4 groups: control, cisplatin, cisplatin + lycopene, and lycopene-treated groups. In all groups, the distortion-product otoacoustic emission measurements were performed on days 0, 1, 2, and 5. Results: There were no significant differences between the control and lycopene groups at any frequencies. In the cisplatin group, the statistically significant differences were found in the measurements taken between day 0 and day 5 at all frequencies and between days 1 and 5 and days 2 and 5 at some frequencies (P < 0.05). In the cisplatin + lycopene group, a statistically significant difference was found at some frequencies between the measurements taken on days 0 and 5, days 1 and 5, and days 2 and 5 (P < 0.05). Contrary to the results found in the cisplatin group, hearing ability in the lycopene-treated group was observed as being preserved at low frequencies in the measurements taken on days 0 and 5 and days 2 and 5. Conclusion: The data of this study suggest that lycopene can prevent the development of ototoxicity induced by cisplatin, especially at low frequencies. Studies on this issue with longer durations and different dose ranges may contribute to the identification of potentially prophylactic effects of lycopene against cisplatin ototoxicity at higher frequencies, as well.Öğe The Effects of a New Hemostatic Agent on Hearing in Rats(Aves, 2010) Kalcioglu, M. Tayyar; Bayindir, Tuba; Iraz, Mustafa; Kaya, Serdar; Can, SermetObjective: Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS), a standardized mixture of five plants, has been used as a hemostatic agent. Studies have shown the hemostatic effectivity of this agent that suggests a potential usage in otological surgeries. However,side effects on hearing of this agent are unknown. In this study, hearing affection of local and systemic usage of ABS was investigated by using distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). Materials and Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were used. The animals were divided into four groups. Baseline DPOAE measurements were performed. Subsequently, intratympanic ABS administration to the firstgroup and intratympanic saline administration to the second group were performed. Intraperitoneal ABS was injected to the third group. The fourth group was not administered any intervention. Side effects of ABS on hearing were evaluated by repeated DPOAE measurements carried out before and at 1st, 7th, and 40th days following the applications. Results: On days 7 and 40; measurement parameters of DPgrams of intratympanic ABS group were found to have significantly deteriorated in some frequencies (p(0.05). The measurements of the other groups revealed no significant differences (p>0.05). Hearing loss was not observed in systemic absorption group but, determined in intratympanic application group. Conclusion: Our findings may suggest that hearing loss may be either due to ototoxic side effect of ABS, prolonged mass effect of it, or because of inflammation. Further studies with longer follow up period and histopathological examinations are needed to answer these existing questions.Öğe Effects of ACE inhibition and AT1 receptor blockade on cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion induced mortality and cardiac markers in rats(Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 2005) Iraz, Mustafa; Şahin, Şemsettin; Ölmez, Ercüment; Acet, AhmetÖz: Başlık (İngilizce): Öz (İngilizce): Many studies have established the therapeutic benefits of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors such as reducing reperfusion arrhythmias, and angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) blocker may have similar effects to ACE inhibitors. In this study, it was aimed to compare the effects of an ACE inhibitor captopril and AT1 receptor blocker losartan on death from arrhythmias and biochemical markers such as cardiac troponin T and I (cTnT, cTnI), myoglobin, creatin kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) after cardiac ischemia/reperfusion in an in vivo rat model. Study design and methods: sixty four male rats were divided into four groups: Control, captopril (3 mg/kg), losartan (2 mg/kg) and sham. The drugs were administered intravenously 10 min before ischemia under anesthesia. Except for the sham group, the left coronary artery was occluded for 7 min and followed by 10 the min of reperfusion. Blood pressure, heart rate and ECG were monitored throughout the experiment. Biochemical markers were evaluated from the blood samples obtained at the 10th min of reperfusion. Captopril significantly decreased total ventricular fibrillation (VF) and death due to irreversible VF, while losartan did not. cTnT, myoglobin, total CK and CK-MB levels were higher in the control and drug administered groups than in the sham group. cTnT and cTnI levels were significantly increased after captopril administration in comparison with the control group, while losartan administration had no effect. In conclusion, captopril is more effective than losartan, especially for decreasing death from irreversible VF. In addition, captopril may increase the biochemical cardiac markers in the blood during early reperfusion.Öğe Effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2010) Fadillioglu, Ersin; Gursul, Cebrail; Iraz, MustafaHepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a major neurological complication secondary to severe liver failure. The aim of the present study was to examine the possible neuroprotective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) with or without laxative treatment against thioacetamide-induced HE by investigating behavioral and motor activities in rats as well as blood ammonia level and oxidant-antioxidant parameters of cortex, brain stem and cerebellum. After induction of HE by thioacetamide, the rats were treated with lactulose, CAPE (CAPE treatment was started one day before the first dose of thioacetamide) or CAPE plus lactulose. The behavioral and motor scales were measured at the 54th hour after the first thioacetamide injection, the blood samples and brains were taken under anesthesia at the 60th hour for biochemical analysis. The survival rates were 37.5% in HE group, 70% in HE + lactulose group, 80% in HE + CAPE group, and 100% in HE + CAPE + lactulose group. Increased ammonia, ALT and AST levels in blood along with impaired sensory-motor behavior tests were reversed to proximate control values in CAPE + lactulose treated group. There were increased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities in almost all brain parts of HE group. CAPE or lactulose treatment alone ameliorated those oxidant and antioxidant parameters; however, CAPE treatment together with lactulose reversed them to almost control level. In conclusion, thioacetamide-induced HE injury in rats was reversed almost fully by CAPE and laxative combination. There was no death in CAPE and laxative treated group animals and it may be due to the direct neuroprotective effect of CAPE together with the prevention of the body from ammonia production. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Effects of Recombinant Activated Protein C Derived From Drotrecogin-Alpha on Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats Compared with Methyl-Prednisolone(Bilimsel Tip Publishing House, 2013) Yildiz, Kadir; Iraz, Mustafa; Samdanci, Emine; Ozerol, Elif; Kuku, Irfan; Aytemur, Zeynep Ayfer; Hacievliyagil, Suleyman SavasOBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to test the preventive effects of intraperitoneally administered drotrecogin alpha which is derived from activated protein C (APC), on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats, and to compare the effects of APC with the effects of methyl-prednisolone, a traditional therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty male Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated into four groups: 1. Saline alone (n= 6); 2. Bleomycin+ placebo (n= 7); 3. Bleomycin+ methyl-prednisolone (n= 7); 4. Bleomycin+ APC (n= 10). The rats (except for the control group) were given intratracheal bleomycin (2.5 mg/kg). The bleomycin+ APC group was given APC (100 mu g/kg/day) and methyl-prednisolone treated rats were injected with 5mg/kg/day methyl-prednisolone intraperitoneally two days before the bleomycin injection; the drug was administered at the same dose for 16 days. All of the rats were killed 14 days after the intratracheal injection of bleomycin. Fibrotic changes in the lungs were demonstrated by analysing the cellular composition of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, histological evaluation and lung hydroxyproline content. RESULTS: Fibrosis was experimentally induced in the lungs of rats using bleomycin. Fibrosis scores in the bleomycin+ methyl-prednisolone and the bleomycin+ APC groups were significantly lower than in the bleomycin+ placebo group (p< 0.05). The scores of the bleomycin+ APC group and the bleomycin+ methyl-prednisolone group were similar. The lung tissue hydroxyproline contents in the bleomycin+ placebo and bleomycin+ methyl-prednisolone groups were significantly higher than the control group (p< 0.05), but the hydroxyproline content in the bleomycin+ APC group was significantly lower than in the other groups (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: Drotrecogin alpha that is derived from recombinant APC has a protective effect on the pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin. The protective effect seen with methylprednisolone is similar.Öğe Evaluation of the Protective Effect of Beta Glucan on Amikacin Ototoxicity Using Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission Measurements in Rats(Korean Soc Otorhinolaryngol, 2013) Bayindir, Tuba; Filiz, Aliye; Iraz, Mustafa; Kaya, Serdar; Tan, Mehmet; Kalcioglu, Mahmut TayyarObjectives. This experimental study investigated the possible protective effect of beta glucans on amikacin ototoxicity. Methods. Thirty-eight rats with normal distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were divided into four groups. Group K was the control group. Group A was injected intramuscularly (i.m.) with amikacin 600 mg/kg/day between days 1-15. Group AB was given beta glucan gavage 1 mg/kg/day on days 0-15 and given amikacin 600 mg/kg/day i.m. on days 1-15. Group B was administered only beta glucan gavage, 1 mg/kg/day, on days 0-15.The DPOAEs were elicited in different frequency regions between 2,003 and 9,515 Hz, as distortion product diagrams (DPgrams), before and after the medication was administered, in all groups, on days 1, 5, 10, and 15. Results. No significant changes in the DPgrams were observed in group K. In group A, significant deterioration was observed at the 8,003 and 9,515 Hz frequencies on day 10, and at the 3,991, 4,557, 5,660, 6,726, 8,003, and 9,515 Hz frequencies on day 15. For group AB, statistically significant deterioration was observed at the 2,824, 8,003, and 9,515 Hz frequencies on day 15. The results for group B showed a significant improvement of hearing at the 2,378, 2,824, 3,363, and 3,991 Hz frequencies on day 1, at the 3,363, 3,991, and 8,003 Hz frequencies on day 10, and at the 8,003 Hz frequency on day 15. Conclusion. This study suggests that amikacin-induced hearing loss in rats may be limited to some extent by concomitant use of beta glucan.Öğe Improving effects of melatonin against on the histologic alterations of rat liver in diabetes(Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2007) Vardi, Nigar; Iraz, Mustafa; Oeztuerk, Feral; Guel, Mehmet; Ucar, Muharrern; Cetin, Asli; Nalcaci, NilueferObjective: This study was designed to investigate the improving effects of melatonin on the histological alterations in liver in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. Material and Methods: Fifteen Sprague-Dawley adult female rats were divided into three groups: control, diabetic and diabetic treatment with melatonin (DM) groups. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal dose of STZ (45 mg/kg). After this, the DM group started to receive intraperitoneal melatonin 10 mg/kg/d. This injection was continued until the end of the study (8 week). At the end of the experimentation, blood glucose levels were determined and following routine tissue process liver were embedded in paraffin. The specimens were stained histochemically and immunohistochemically and were examined by light microscope. Results: After 8 weeks, the rats in the diabetes group had significantly higher blood glucose levels than the rats of the control and DM groups. In histological investigations, hyropic and nuclear changes were observed in hepatocytes in the diabetic group. In addition, both glycogen granules in the hepatocyte cytoplasm and mast cell granules had decreased compared with the control and DM groups. Melatonin had a positive improving effect on these findings. Conclusion: We concluded that chronic melatonin administration reduced liver injury in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Thus, we suggest that melatonin may be used to prevent the development of diabetic liver damage. However, further research is needed on long-term uses of melatonin in order to show its positive effects on diabetic complications.
