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    Determination and interference studies of bismuth by tungsten trap hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry
    (Elsevier Science Bv, 2009) Kula, Ibrahim; Arslan, Yasin; Bakirdere, Sugin; Titretir, Serap; Kenduezler, Erdal; Ataman, O. Yavuz
    The determination of bismuth requires sufficiently sensitive procedures for detection at the mu g L-1 level or lower. W-coil was used for on-line trapping of volatile bismuth species using HGAAS (hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry); atom trapping using a W-coil consists of three steps. Initially BiH3 gas is formed by hydride generation procedure. The analyte species in vapor form are transported through the W-coil trap held at 289 degrees C where trapping takes place. Following the preconcentration step, the W-coil is heated to 1348 degrees C; analyte species are released and transported to flame-heated quartz atom cell where the atomic signal is formed. In our study, interferences have been investigated in detail during Bi determination by hydride generation, both with and without trap in the same HGAAS system. Interferent/analyte (mass/mass) ratio was kept at 1, 10 and 100. Experiments were designed for carrier solutions having 1.0 M HNO3. Interferents such as Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu, As, Se. Cd, Pb, Au, Na, Mg, Ca, chloride, sulfate and phosphate were examined. The calibration plot for an 8.0 ml. sampling volume was linear between 0.10 mu g L-1 and 10.0 mu g L-1 of Bi. The detection limit (3 s/m) was 25 ng L-1. The enhancement factor for the characteristic concentration (C-o) was found to be 21 when compared with the regular system without trap, by using peak height values. The validation of the procedure was performed by the analysis of the certified water reference material and the result was found to be in good agreement with the certified values at the 95% confidence level. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Determination of antimony by using tungsten trap atomic absorption spectrometry
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2008) Titretir, Serap; Kenduezler, Erdal; Arslan, Yasin; Kula, Ibrahim; Bakirdere, Sezgin; Ataman, O. Yavuz
    An electrically heated tungsten coil was used as a trap in the determination of antimony. The technique consists of three steps. Initially, SbH(3) is formed by hydride generation procedure; then the analyte species in vapor form are transported to W-coil trap heated at 370 degrees C. Following the preconcentration step, the trap is heated to 895 degrees C; analyte species are revolatilized and transported to the flame-heated quartz atom cell where atornization and the formation of signal take place. The experimental parameters were optimized both for trap and no-trap studies. The most important experimental parameters are concentrations of HCI and NaBH4 solutions. H2 and At gas flow rates. and collection and revolatilization temperatures of W-coil. Accuracy was tested using a certified reference material, waste water EU-L-1. Limit of detection for the system is 16 ng 1- 1 using a sample of 36 ml collected in 4.0 min. Enhancement factor in sensitivity was 17. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.