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Öğe The Antiedema Effect of Intracisternal Hyperosmolar Albumine on Experirnental Created Brain Edema(Derman Medical Publ, 2010) Tekiner, Ayhan; Onal, Cagatay; Kocak, Ayhan; Cayhli, Suleyman Rustu; Bayar, Mehmet Akif; Tektas, SevketAim The brain edema caused by central nervous system diseases and trauma is an important reason of morbidity and mortality currently. Although the most of physiopathology of traumatic brain edema has been elucidated through many clinical and laboratory studies, the treatment of edema couldn't been standardized. For this purpose, from past to the present although many treatment principles have been accepted, also different treatment agents are being used. Material and Methods In this experimental study thirty six New Zealander rabbits weighing between 2.2 and 2.8 kg were used. Craniectomi was applied to the subjects and gravity was dropped from high in order to develop traumatic brain edema. The subjects were divided into six groups and hyperosmolar albumine was given to each group on different time periods. It was aimed to resolve the edema by drawing the edema liquid to subarachnoid distance by giving human albumin a physiologic macromolecule through cysterna manga. The efficacy of tretment was evaluated through two parameters: the first cerebrospinal fluid osmolality and the second the rate of brain tissue fluid. Results Cerebrospinal fluid osmolality and brain tissue fluid ratio gained at the result of the study were statistical evaluated by Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric ANOVA test and Mann-Whitney U test. p value<0,05 was accepted statistical significant. Conclusion When compared the results of the study groups the difference was significant between trauma and control group and the difference was relatively close to the control group at the treatment group. The treatment was significantly efficient at the groups which were applied hyperosmolar albumine two or three times in the first 72 hours after trauma. According to these results we can declare this experimental study has reached to the purpose and can contribute to future studies about the same subject.Öğe Comparison of posterior cranial fossa morphometric measurements in Chiari type I patients with and without syrinx cavity on magnetic resonance imaging(Int Scientific Information Inc, 2022) Dogan, Gulec Mert; Sigirci, Ahmet; Tetik, Bora; Pasahan, Ramazan; Onal, Cagatay; Arslan, Ahmet K.Purpose: To compare the posterior fossa measurements of Chiari type I malformation (CHM1) patients with and without syrinx and with a control group. Material and methods: The patients with syrinx were divided into 2 groupd according to syrinx width/cord width (S/C) ratios: group 1 - S/C ratio < 50%; group 2 - S/C ratio > 50%. The length of the clivus, the AP length of the foramen magnum, the AP length of the posterior fossa, the perpendicular distance between the McRae line and (a) the splenium of corpus callosum, (b) the pons, and (c) the fastigium of the 160 patients and of the 160 control patients were statistically compared. In addition, the measurements of the patients with and without syrinx, according to the S/C ratio, were statistically compared. Results: Syrinx was present in 59 (36.8 %) of the 160 patients. The S/ C ratio was < 50% in 30 (50.9 %) of them, and S/C ratio > 50% in 29 (49.1%) of them. All the measurements in the patient group, except of the AP length of the foramen magnum, were statistically significantly lower than in the control group (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in the measurements of the patients with syrinx group 1 and the patients without syrinx, but the AP length of posterior fossa was statistically significantly lower in the patients with syrinx group 2 than the patients without syrinx (p = 0.03). Conclusion: The S/C ratio can be a guide to the underlying aetiology.Öğe The effect of apocynin on motor and cognitive functions in experimental Alzheimer's disease(Periodicum Biologorum, 2018) Akyuva, Yener; Onal, Cagatay; Parlakpinar, Hakan; Gul, Mehmet; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Ates, Tuncay; Kablan, YukselScope: We investigated the potential beneficial effect of Apognin (APO) on motor and cognitive functions in experimental Alzheimer's disease (AD). Materials and Methods: Experimental AD was induced in rats by intraventricular streptozotocin (STZ) injection. Sham group received articial cerebrospinal fiuid (CSF). Both groups were randomly divided into two subgroups. One of the subgroups received intraperitoneal APO for while the other had normal saline (NS). The animals were evaluated with rotarod, accelerod and Water-Maze tests before and after the treatment. Additionally, biochemical markers of oxidative stress such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were analyzed fiom brain specimens. Standard histological evaluation and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to evaluate the neural damage. Results: The difference between S7Z+NS in comparison with CSF+NS, CSF+APO and STZ+APO were statistically significant on 30 and 40 rpm on rotarod test. GSH levels, accelerod and Water-Maze test results were not statistically significant between subgroups. However, MDA differences between STZ+NS in comparison with CSF+NS, CSF+APO and STZ+APO were statistically significant. Hemotoxikne eozine staining and TEM results showed apocynins protective effect. Conclusion: These results indicate that APO can provide neuro-protective effect for motor but not for cognitive performance in experimental AD.Öğe Multi-parameter-based radiological diagnosis of Chiari Malformation using Machine Learning Technology(Wiley-Hindawi, 2021) Tetik, Bora; Dogan, Gulec Mert; Pasahan, Ramazan; Durak, Mehmet Akif; Guldogan, Emek; Sarac, Kaya; Onal, CagatayBackground The known primary radiological diagnosis of Chiari Malformation-I (CM-I) is based on the degree of tonsillar herniation (TH) below the Foramen Magnum (FM). However, recent data also shows the association of such malformation with smaller posterior cranial fossa (PCF) volume and the anatomical issues regarding the Odontoid. This study presents the achieved result regarding some detected potential radiological findings that may aid CM-I diagnosis using several machine learning (ML) algorithms. Materials and Methods Midsagittal T1-weighted MR images were collected in 241 adult patients diagnosed with CM, eleven morphometric measures of the posterior cerebral fossa were performed. Patients whose imaging was performed in the same centre and on the same device were included in the study. By matching age and gender, radiological exams of 100 clinically/radiologically proven symptomatic CM-I cases and 100 healthy controls were assessed. Eleven morphometric measures of the posterior cerebral fossa were examined using 5 designed ML algorithms. Results The mean age of patients was 29.92 +/- 15.03 years. The primary presenting symptoms were headaches (62%). Syringomyelia and retrocurved-odontoid were detected in 34% and 8% of patients, respectively. All of the morphometric measures were significantly different between the groups, except for the distance from the dens axis to the posterior margin of FM. The Radom Forest model is found to have the best 1.0 (14 of 14) ratio of accuracy in regard to 14 different combinations of morphometric features. Conclusion Our study indicates the potential usefulness of ML-guided PCF measurements, other than TH, that may be used to predict and diagnose CM-I accurately. Combining two or three preferable osseous structure-based measurements may increase the accuracy of radiological diagnosis of CM-I.Öğe Prevalence and outcome of congenital heart disease in patients with neural tube defect(Sage Publications Inc, 2008) Kocak, Guelendam; Onal, Cagatay; Kocak, Ayham; Karakurt, Cemsit; Ates, Oezkan; Cayli, Sueleyman R.; Yologlu, SaimA prospective clinical study was designed to establish the risk factors, the prevalence, and the progress of congenital heart defects in children with neural tube defects. Study included 90 children with a mean age of 13.5 +/- 30.4 months. There were 53 (59%) patients with spina bifida occulta and 37 (41%) patients with spina bifida aperta. The overall prevalence of congenital heart disease was 27.8% (40.5% in spina bifida aperta and 18.9% in spina bifida occulta; P = .024). There was no statistically significant difference for maternal age, usage of periconceptional folate, and maternal diabetes between the patient and control groups. The authors conclude that congenital heart defects are more common than reported in neural tube defects, and screening echocardiograms are warranted. This should be kept in mind especially in patients requiring minor or major surgical procedures. Furthermore, routine obstetric examination and therefore the use of periconceptional folic acid during pregnancy is still lacking in our country.Öğe A rarely seen pathology "ıntramedullary spinal metastasis"; clinical series of five patients in asingle ınstitution(Journal of academıc research ın medıcıne-jarem, 2018) Akyuva, Yener; Karadag, Nese; Onal, CagatayObjective: Our study is related to our experiences with intramedullary spinal cord metastasis (ISCM). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the clinical features, treatment, and natural course of patients in the context of the literature. Methods: Five patients with ISCM who were admitted to the neurosurgery department between October 2011 and December 2016 and who underwent surgery were identified. Relevant clinical data were obtained. Results: Of the five patients, three had lung cancer, one had breast cancer, and one had renal cell carcinoma. The presenting symptoms were pain, urinary incontinence, and/or weakness. Tumors were at the thoracic level in three patients, cervical level in one patient, and thoracolumbar level in one patient. One patient with lung cancer had undergone metastasectomy for intracranial metastasis. The pathological examination of one patient had been reported as anaplastic ependymoma in a previous health facility, but breast cancer metastasis was found to be the primary diagnosis following the examination of the material obtained from the excision of the relapsed tumor. Conclusion: The diagnosis of ISCM is difficult, and treatment is usually ineffective. Although there is no exact treatment modality in ISCM, appropriate surgery positively affects morbidity and mortality. Planning the right treatment for the right patient is the most important step of ISCM management.Öğe A Rarely Seen Pathology Intramedullary Spinal Metastasis; Clinical Series of Five Patients in a Single Institution(Aves, 2018) Akyuva, Yener; Karadag, Nese; Onal, CagatayObjective: Our study is related to our experiences with intramedullary spinal cord metastasis (ISCM). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the clinical features, treatment, and natural course of patients in the context of the literature. Methods: Five patients with ISCM who were admitted to the neurosurgery department between October 2011 and December 2016 and who underwent surgery were identified. Relevant clinical data were obtained. Results: Of the five patients, three had lung cancer, one had breast cancer, and one had renal cell carcinoma. The presenting symptoms were pain, urinary incontinence, and/or weakness. Tumors were at the thoracic level in three patients, cervical level in one patient, and thoracolumbar level in one patient. One patient with lung cancer had undergone metastasectomy for intracranial metastasis. The pathological examination of one patient had been reported as anaplastic ependymoma in a previous health facility, but breast cancer metastasis was found to be the primary diagnosis following the examination of the material obtained from the excision of the relapsed tumor. Conclusion: The diagnosis of ISCM is difficult, and treatment is usually ineffective. Although there is no exact treatment modality in ISCM, appropriate surgery positively affects morbidity and mortality. Planning the right treatment for the right patient is the most important step of ISCM management.
