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    Chronotype and eating behavior patterns in mothers of children with disabilities: a case-control study on sleep and nutritional tendencies
    (Springer Japan Kk, 2026) Toguc, Hakan; Aydin, Hakan; Fidan, Zehra
    Purpose The increasing burden of caring for children with disabilities brings about various psychological and physiological difficulties for mothers. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between chronotype characteristics and eating disorders and intuitive eating behavior tendencies of mothers with disabled children. Methods The study was a case-control study conducted in a private rehabilitation center in Turkey and included 50 mothers of disabled children with cerebral palsy and 56 mothers of healthy children. Socio-demographic information, Morningness-Eveningness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire-13 (EDE-Q-13), Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2) and anthropometric measurements were taken from the participants. Results Mothers of children with disabilities had significantly lower chronotype scores (47.20 +/- 4.65) compared with mothers of healthy children (53.66 +/- 5.31) (p < 0.001), with a lower proportion of morningness (p = 0.004). The EDE-Q-13 scores were higher for mothers of children with disabilities (1.72 +/- 1.08) compared with those with healthy children (1.32 +/- 0.97) (p = 0.046). In addition, mothers with disabled children showed higher rates in the subscales of binge eating and purging behaviors (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) and sleep medication use (p = 0.002). Conclusions Mothers with disabled children were found to have higher predisposition to evening chronotype, eating disorder scores and use of medical sleep medication than mothers with healthy children. Because this situation increases the risk of diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome, it reveals the necessity of special nutrition and health follow-up programmes.
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    Epileptic Seizures and Nutritional Status in Children with Cerebral Palsy: Unraveling the Interconnections
    (Galenos Publ House, 2025) Toguc, Hakan; Aydin, Hakan
    Objective: This cross-sectional study explores the complex relationship between nutritional status and the prevalence of epileptic seizures in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: Conducted between September and October 2024 at a private physiotherapy and rehabilitation center in T & uuml;rkiye, the study included 58 participants aged 3-15 years diagnosed with CP. The research focused on evaluating socio-demographic data, health information, and detailed 24-hour food consumption patterns alongside anthropometric measurements and the Gross Motor Function Classification System. Results: Our findings reveal a significantly higher risk of epileptic seizures in children born via cesarean section compared to vaginal delivery (p=0.014). No significant direct correlation was identified between the specific components of food consumed and the occurrence of epileptic seizures. However, children with epilepsy demonstrated dietary preferences that were higher in energy, carbohydrates, and saturated fats, potentially affecting their overall nutritional status and exacerbating existing health conditions. Furthermore, malnutrition, particularly marked by lower Mid-Upper Arm Circumference Z-scores in children experiencing seizures, suggests a potential worsening of their seizure condition and general health (p=0.022). Additionally, higher incidences of chewing difficulties and swallowing disorders were observed in children with seizures compared to those without. Conclusion: This study underscores the necessity for specialized nutritional strategies to address malnutrition, improve health, and manage seizures in children with CP, emphasizing the role of balanced dietary intake over diets high in energy and fats.
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    Exploring the link between dietary inflammatory index, inflammatory biomarkers, and sleep quality in adults with obesity: a pilot investigation [2]
    (Springernature, 2025) Toguc, Hakan; Ongun Yilmaz, Hande; Yaprak, Bulent
    ObjectiveObesity is known to be associated with inflammation and impaired sleep quality. In addition, the anti-inflammatory properties of the daily diet provide positive effects on health. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the inflammatory index of the diet consumed by people with obesity and inflammatory biomarkers and sleep quality.MethodThis study included 124 people with obesity (F: 75; M: 49) with a mean age of 42.20 +/- 11.00 years, who presented to a dietary outpatient clinic in Malatya between November 2021 and May 2022. Three-day dietary intake records were collected to calculate Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores, which were then compared with inflammatory biomarkers, anthropometric measurements, and sleep quality measures.ResultsAmong the biochemical parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP) was found to be significantly higher in the groups with higher DII score (p = 0.006), and CRP (r = 0.258; p = 0.004) and total cholesterol (r = -0.243; p = 0.007) increased significantly with increasing inflammatory score of the diet. As the inflammatory burden of the diet consumed by the participants increased, their Body Mass Index (BMI) also increased (p = 0.009). No significant correlation was found between DII and sleep quality (p = 0.348).ConclusionThese findings suggest that an anti-inflammatory diet can effectively reduce inflammation and BMI in people with obesity, but has a limited effect on sleep quality. Therefore, it is recommended that dietitians integrate anti-inflammatory dietary strategies for people with obesity into their clinical practice.
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    Health Effects of Plant-Based Diets in University Life: A Comprehensive Study on the Constipation, Sleep and Obesity
    (Iranian Scientific Society Medical Entomology, 2025) Toguc, Hakan
    Background: Plant-based diets have gained popularity due to their nutrient density and potential to reduce chronic disease risk. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between diet quality and plant-based diets consumed with constipation, sleep duration and obesity in university students. Methods: In this study conducted between September and October 2024, 676 students were recruited as participants and data on socio-demographic information, daily sleep duration, presence of constipation, 24-hour food consumption record and food consumption frequency were collected. Diet Quality Index (DQI) and Plant-Based Diet Index (PBDI) were calculated from food consumption record and frequency data. Results: Constipation was present in 14.5% of the participants and the BMI of the participants was 21.84 +/- 3.47 kg/m(2). There was a significant relationship between age and constipation (P=0.013) and a weak negative relationship between age and sleep duration and PBDI (r=-0.103, P=0.007; r=-0.077, P=0.045, respectively); A weak negative correlation was found between BMI and PBDI and DQI (r=-0.092, P=0.016; r=0.173, P=0.000, respectively); a significant correlation was found between the presence of constipation and gender and income level (P=0.047; P=0.013, respectively). Conclusion: PBDI and DQI were associated with lower BMI and emphasised the potential of alternative nutritional models in the fight against obesity. The lack of an association between PBDI, DQI and sleep duration and constipation suggests that further research is needed. This study emphasises the importance of healthy eating and lifestyle interventions, but its design limits causal conclusions and requires further research.
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    Nutrition Knowledge Scale (NKS): Development, Factor Structure, and Validation for Healthy Adults
    (Mattioli 1885, 2021) Yilmaz, Hande Ongun; Hakli, Duygu Aydin; Toguc, Hakan; Cobanoglu, Zeynep; Sayar, Canel Onel; Erkul, Cahit; Gunal, Ahmet Murat
    Objective: Valid and reliable scales are required to determine and evaluate nutritional knowledge. This research aims to develop the nutrition knowledge scale for adults and to examine the factor structure, validity, and reliability. Methods: Initially, the Nutrition Knowledge Scale (NKS) was constituted, paying attention to content and construct validity. The content validity index (CVI) was found as 0.884. Five hundred eighty-five (371 females, 214 males) volunteers consisting of healthy adults completed the general information form and NKS. For test-retest reliability, 164 (28.03%) participants completed the NKS again within four weeks following the first conduct. Results: As a result of Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA), NKS items were collected under one factor. According to the results of the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), all fit indices were found at an acceptable level. Cronbach's alpha value calculated for reliability analysis of NKS is 0.851. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) calculated for test-retest reliability is 0.863. Conclusion: This research indicates that NCS is an acceptable, valid, and reliable scale that covers all aspects of nutritional knowledge and can be used in future research for determining and evaluating the nutritional knowledge level of adults.
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    Psychosocial effects of social media and nutrition information: an analysis of orthorexia nervosa and weight-related self-stigma in youth
    (Springernature, 2025) Toguc, Hakan; Hokelek, Busra
    The impact of social media on young people's body perception, eating behaviours and diet literacy has become an increasingly important public health issue. In this cross-sectional study, the interactions between social media addiction, e-healthy diet literacy, weight-related self-stigma and orthorexia nervosa were examined in depth The study was conducted between January and March 2025 with 651 young people at a state university in Turkey. Participants were administered a general information form, the e-Healthy Eating Literacy Scale, the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, the Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory, and the Weight Self-Stigma Scale. Participants' level of social media addiction was positively correlated with e-healthy eating literacy (r = 0.121, p = 0.002), total orthorexia nervosa score (r = 0.150, p < 0.001), and weight-related self-stigma (r = 0.229, p < 0.001). According to multiple regression analysis, weight self-stigma score (beta = 0.385, p < 0.001) and e-healthy diet literacy score (beta = 0.176, p < 0.001) were found to be significant predictors of orthorexia nervosa and explained 22.6% of the model variance (R-2=0.226, F = 48.556, p < 0.001). On the other hand, social media addiction (beta = 0.166, p < 0.001), orthorexia nervosa (beta = 0.358, p < 0.001) and BMI (beta = 0.257, p < 0.001) were significant variables predicting weight self-stigma and the model explained 28.6% of the variance (R-2=0.286, F = 64.663, p < 0.001). In conclusion, it has been observed that young people's knowledge and experiences in the digital environment can influence their eating behaviour not only at the cognitive level but also at the psychosocial level, and the need for comprehensive interventions targeting body image, weight stigmatisation and digital media policies has been emphasised.
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    The effect of diets with different inflammatory scores on inflammation and sleep in obese subjects: a randomized controlled trial
    (Assoc Medica Brasileira, 2024) Toguc, Hakan; Yilmaz, Hande Ongun; Yaprak, Bulent
    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different dietary inflammatory index diets on inflammatory markers, anthropometric measurements, and sleep quality in obese subjects. METHODS: This study was conducted in a public hospital in Turkey between November 2021 and May 2022. Participants with pro-inflammatory dietary habits were included in the study. Randomly divided into two groups of 33 participants, they were subjected to an anti-inflammatory control diet for 8 weeks. The study evaluated the anthropometric parameters, inflammatory biomarkers, and sleep quality indices of the diet RESULTS: Significant reductions in body mass index were observed in both groups, more marked in the anti-inflammatory diet cohort. C protein levels, indicative of inflammation, also decreased substantially in both groups, with a more marked reduction in the anti-inflammatory cohort. Despite the improvement in sleep quality in both groups, the variation was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the importance of anti-inflammatory diets in nutritional strategies for obesity by reducing body mass and inflammation.