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Öğe Asidik boyaların poli(akrilamid-vinilimidazol) hidrojel kullanılarak atık sulardan giderimi(2019) Tosun, Emir; Boztepe, Cihangir; Baysar, Ahmet; Künkül, AsımÖz: Bu çalışmada, asidik bir boyarmadde olan Asit Mavi 193 (Isolan Dark Blue 2S-GL-03)’ün sulu çözeltiden yeni sentezlenen poli(AkrilamidVinilimidazol) (poli(AAm-VI)) hidrojeli kullanılarak kesikli sistemde adsorpsiyon ile giderimi incelenmiştir. Sentezlenen hidrojelin SEM, FTIR ve TGA yöntemleri ile karakterizasyonu yapılmıştır. Adsorpsiyon prosesi üzerine boyarmaddenin başlangıç derişimi, çözeltinin başlangıç pH değeri, hidrojel miktarı, temas süresi ve karıştırma hızının etkileri araştırılmıştır. Hidrojel miktarı arttığı zaman adsorplanan boya miktarının arttığı belirlenmiştir. En fazla adsorpsiyon pH 1.5 değerinde meydana geldiği gözlenmiştir. Başlangıç Asit Mavi 193 boyar madde derişimi, çözeltinin başlangıç pH değeri, karıştırma hızı ve hidrojel miktarı sırasıyla 250 mg/L, 1.5, 600 rpm ve 2 g/L iken 90 dakika işlem süresi sonunda elde edilen giderim yüzdesi %99.8’dir. Boyarmaddenin poli(AAm-VI) hidrojeli ile arasındaki ilişkiyi ifade etmek için Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin ve Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorpsiyon izotermeleri kullanılmış ve kinetik analizleri yapılmıştır. Korelasyon katsayısının (R2) değeri, farklı modellerin en iyi model uyumu göstergesi olarak kullanılmış ve denge verilerinin R2’leri büyük olan Freundlich izoterm modeline ve yalancı ikinci mertebe kinetik modeline uyduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, poli (AAm-VI) hidrojelin, asidik boyalarının kirli sudan uzaklaştırılması için uygun bir sorbent olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştirÖğe Cucurbitacin D Inhibits the Proliferation of HepG2 Cells and Induces Apoptosis by Modulating JAK/STAT3, PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK Signaling Pathways(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2022) Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Uremis, Nuray; Tosun, Emir; Durhan, Merve; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Baysar, Ahmet; Turkoz, YusufBackground: Cucurbitacin D (CuD) is a natural compound that can be isolated in various plant families, mainly from Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich. (E. elaterium). It is a triterpenoid with a broad spectrum of biological activity, including anti-cancer properties. Hepatocellular carcinoma, the aggressive type of liver cancer, is an important public health problem worldwide. Objective: In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effect of CuD treated at different doses on the HepG2 cell line and the underlying mechanism in vitro. Methods: CuD was isolated from the fruit juice of E. elaterium plant, and quantitative analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The cell viability effect of purified CuD was determined by the MTT test, and also cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest effects were determined by flow cytometry. DNA damage was evaluated with the comet test. Proteins and genes involved in PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways were evaluated by western blot and qRT-PCR. Results: CuD showed both antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects against the HepG2 cell line in a dose and time-dependent manner. It was observed that CuD induced apoptosis and blocked the cell cycle in HepG2 cells. It was observed that the expressions of genes and some proteins that play a key role in PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and JAK2/STAT3 cascades were dose-dependently down-regulated and led to activatation of the apoptotic pathway. Conclusion: All these results show promise that CuD may have a therapeutic effect in hepatocellular carcinoma.Öğe Cucurbitacin I exhibits anticancer efficacy through induction of apoptosis and modulation of JAK/STAT3, MAPK/ERK, and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways in HepG2 cell line(Wiley-Hindawi, 2022) Uremis, Nuray; Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Tosun, Emir; Baysar, Ahmet; Turkoz, YusufHepatocellular carcinoma is a common cancer type, especially among men. Although cucurbitacin I (CuI), widely found in plants belonging to the Ecballium elaterium (E. L) plant family, has been shown to have antitumorigenic properties in many cancer types, its anticancer effect, molecular mechanism, and apoptotic effect mediated by signal pathways on hepatocellular carcinoma have not been fully clarified. In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effect of CuI treated at different doses on the HepG2 cell line and the underlying mechanism in vitro. High-purity CuI was obtained from the E. elaterium plant with the aid of HPLC. The effects of this substance on the viability of cells were studied by the MTT assay. The effects of CuI on cell cycle progression and apoptosis were studied with flow cytometry. DNA breaks were analyzed by the Comet assay method. The proteins and genes involved in the JAK/STAT3, MAPK/ERK, and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways were investigated using Western blot and qRT-PCR, respectively. The results of this study demonstrated that CuI significantly reduced HepG2 cell growth in vitro, induced antiproliferation, and G2/M phase of the cell cycle was interrupted. Practical applications CuI administration was shown to downregulate the levels of proteins in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and JAK2/STAT3 cascades in HepG2 cells. CuI also reduced the expression of MAPK, STAT3, mTOR, JAK2, and Akt genes in different concentrations. DNA breaks are formed as a result of this effect. CuI, by reducing cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis, was found to have potential as a chemotherapeutic agent of hepatocellular carcinoma.Öğe Cytotoxic Effects of Cucurbitacin I and Ecballium elaterium on Breast Cancer Cells(Natural Products Inc, 2018) Yilmaz, Kadir; Karakus, Fuat; Eyol, Ergul; Tosun, Emir; Yilmaz, Ismet; Unuvar, SongulThe objective of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of cucurbitacin I (CuI) and Ecballium elaterium L. (fruit juice and chloroform extract) on breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). The Cul content of E. elaterium fruit juice and chloroform extract was quantified using high performance liquid chromatography. The cytotoxic effects of the fruit juice, chloroform extract and CuI were determined by MTT, wound healing and colony formation assays; all had an anti-proliferative activity on the breast cancer cells. Clarifying the mechanisms of cucurbitacins will enable the identification of new molecular targets for breast cancer therapy.Öğe Cytotoxic effects of cucurbitacin ı and ecballium elaterium on breast cancer cells(Natural product communıcatıons, 2018) Yılmaz, Kadir; Karakuş, Fuat; Eyol, Ergül; Tosun, Emir; Yılmaz, İsmet; Unuvar, SongülThe objective of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of cucurbitacin I (CuI) and Ecballium elaterium L. (fruit juice and chloroform extract) on breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). The Cul content of E. elaterium fruit juice and chloroform extract was quantified using high performance liquid chromatography. The cytotoxic effects of the fruit juice, chloroform extract and CuI were determined by MTT, wound healing and colony formation assays; all had an anti-proliferative activity on the breast cancer cells. Clarifying the mechanisms of cucurbitacins will enable the identification of new molecular targets for breast cancer therapy.Öğe Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich.'den izole edilen kukurbitasinlerin hücre proliferasyonu ve telomeraz aktivitesi üzerine etkisinin araştırılması(İnönü Üniversitesi, 2016) Tosun, EmirBu çalışmada, Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich. meyve suyundan kukurbitasinlerin (Kukurbitasin D ve I ) izolasyonu, izole edilen Kukurbitasin D ve I'nın LS174T ve SW620 kolon kanser hücrelerinin çoğalması ve telomeraz aktivitesi üzerine olan etkisinin in vitro olarak araştırılması ve bu etkinin matematiksel modellerle ifade edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kukurbitasinler, olgun meyvelerin suyundan kloroformla ekstraksiyondan sonra çözücünün uzaklaştırılmasıyla oluşan kalıntının etil alkolde çözülerek HPLC cihazında analitik kolonda yürütülmesi ve bu maddeleri içeren fraksiyonların fraksiyon toplayıcıda toplanmasıyla elde edilmiştir. Liyofilizasyon sonucu izole edilen Kukurbitasin D ve Kukurbitasin I konsantrasyonlarının sırasıyla 418 µM ve 296 µM, saflıklarının ise standardlarla aynı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kukurbitasin D ve I'nın hücre çoğalması üzerine etkileri, farklı konsantrasyonlarda (5-250 nM) ve farklı inkübasyon sürelerinde (6.-96. saatlerde) uygulanmasıyla hücre türü, uygulama süresi, uygulama maddesi türü ve konsantrasyonu yönünden in vitro olarak kesikli ortamda incelenmiştir. Tür, konsantrasyon ve süreye bağlı olarak kukurbitasinlerin LS174T ve SW620 hücre hatlarının proliferasyonunu (çoğalmasını) etkilediği görülmüştür (p<0,05). Kukurbitasin D ve I'nın hücre çoğalması üzerine etkilerinin zamanla değişimi (kinetik davranışı) için yeni modeller geliştirilmiştir. Uygulama maddesi konsantrasyonunun etkisi ise Monod ve Tessier modelleri ile ifade edilmiştir. Kukurbitasin D ve I'nın 48 saat süre sonunda LS174T ve SW620 hücre hatlarında telomeraz aktivitesi üzerine olan etkisini araştırmak için RT-PCR yöntemi kullanılarak hTERT mRNA düzeylerindeki değişimler incelenmiş, hücre türü, uygulama maddesi türü ve konsantrasyonu (5-250 nM) yönünden değerlendirilmiştir. Konsantrasyona bağlı olarak kukurbitasinlerin telomeraz aktivitesini azalttığı görülmüş (p<0,05) ve bu etki Monod ve Tessier modelleri ile ifade edilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar, Kukurbitasin D ve I'nın kolon kanserinde tedavi edici olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu yönde ileri araştırmaların yapılması, kukurbitasinlerin anti kanser etkisinin açığa çıkarılması bakımından önem arz etmektedir.Öğe Effect of microwave power on drying behavior and essential oil yield of microwave dried Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. leaves(Pamukkale Univ, 2022) Sengul, Behlul Ertugrul; Tosun, EmirIn this study, the aim was to microwave dry Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. leaves, while evaluating the role of microwave power regarding drying behavior, drying rate, drying time, drying kinetics, moisture diffusivity, energy consumption and essential oil yield. The leaves were dried by microwave at four different power levels (180, 360, 600 and 720 W). The results found that increasing the increment power levels decreased the time for drying and increased the drying rate. To fit the experimental data, nine widely used thin layer drying kinetics models were used. The analysis of the drying curves indicated that the Page model was the most appropriate. There was a significant difference in moisture diffusivity between 2.36x10-11 and 11.45x10-11m2/s. Increasing microwave power was led to an increase in moisture diffusivity. In accordance with the Arrhenius equation, a value of 7.4225 W/g was determined for the activation energy. In terms of specific energy consumption, the results ranged from 8.56 to 9.93 kWh/kg. When leaves were dried with a microwave power of 180 W, the maximum yield of essential oil was obtained.Öğe Enhancing high sensitive hydrogen detection of Bi2O3 nanoparticle decorated TiO2 nanotubes(Elsevier Science Sa, 2024) Isik, Esme; Tasyurek, Lutfi Bilal; Tosun, Emir; Kilinc, NecmettinAn electrochemical anodization technique was used to create a hydrogen gas sensor based on TiO2 nanotubes decorated with bismuth oxide (Bi2O3). Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)3 center dot 5H2O) was employed as the source material for Bi2O3. The resulting nanotubes were annealed at 500 degrees C, revealing an amorphous structure with a mixed phase of rutile and anatase. Platinum (Pt) electrodes, with a thickness of 100 nm, were coated onto the Bi2O3@TiO2/Ti and TiO2/Ti structures for sensor testing. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to examine the structural, morphological, and surface properties of the Bi2O3@TiO2 and TiO2 nanotubes. The hydrogen sensing properties of the Pt/Bi2O3@TiO2/Ti and Pt/TiO2/Ti devices were evaluated at room temperature, with hydrogen concentrations ranging from 1000 ppm to 10 %. The I-V characterization of the sensor devices under 1 % H2 exhibited typical Schottky-type behavior. Remarkably, the Pt/Bi2O3@TiO2/Ti structure demonstrated a sensor response 1 x 107 times higher than that of in a dry air environment when the same voltage was applied under up to 1 % H2 conditions. The uniform dispersion of Bi2O3 nanoparticles throughout the structure contributed to the enhanced sensor response in the presence of H2.Öğe Growth inhitory effects of Cucurbitacin I on breast cancer cells(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2015) Yilmaz, Kadir; Karakus, Fuat; Tosun, Emir; Eyol, Ergul[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Hastalık tedavisinde kullanılan bazı meyve ve sebzelerin dokularında eser element ve mineral tayini(İnönü Üniversitesi, 2009) Tosun, EmirSon yıllarda çalışmalarda çeşitli biyolojik materyallerde bulunan eser element ve minerallerin tayini özellikle iki nedenden dolayı önem kazanmıştır. Bunlardan birincisi, metabolik proseslerdeki rolleri ve insan sağlığı üzerine olumlu etkileri, ikincisi ise artan çevre kirliliği ile birlikte toksititeye neden olan elementlerin olumsuz etkileridir. Eser elementlerin bitkilerin özellikle kök, gövde ve yaprakları gibi farklı bölgelerinde değişik konsantrasyonlarda bulunurlar. Meyve ve sebzelerin ve bunların dokularının elementel kompozisyonu normal gelişim ve sağlık için çok önemlidir. Taze meyve ve sebzelerin günlük tüketilmesi, bulaşıcı olmayan kanser ve kardiyovasküler hastalıkları önlemede yardımcı olur. Bu nedenle meyve ve sebzelerin eser element ve mineral içerikleri önemlidir. Mineral ve eser elementler çok fazla tükettiklerinde toksik etkiler görülür. Düşük konsantrasyonlarda alındıklarında da çeşitli problemlerle karşılaşılır. Örneğin doğada bol miktarda bulunan demir, Fe, aşırı miktarda alındığında kusma, ishal ve bağırsak bozukluklarına neden olur. Düşük miktarlarda alındığında ise kemiklerde kırılganlık ve anemi gibi sorunlar ortaya çıkar. Eser elementler ve mineraller topraktan insanlara bitki aracılığıyla geçer. Bitkilerin eser element ve mineral içerikleri, toprağın jeokimyasal karakteristiği, yetişme dönemi boyunca hava koşulları, bu elementlerin bazılarının seçici olarak alınabilirliği ve gübre kullanımına göre değişir. Çalışmamızda, tıbbi öneminden dolayı halk ilacı gibi kullanılan meyve olarak, elma, kiraz, armut, nar, ayva, çilek ve ceviz, sebze olarak da nane ve reyhan analizlenmek için seçildi. Bu meyve ve sebzeler, Malatya da da hâlâ çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılır. Bu amaçla, toplanan bu meyve, sebze ve bunların dokuları mikrodalga parçalama tekniği ile çözelti ortamına alınmıştır. Kullandığımız metodun analitik karakteristiğini, doğruluk ve hassasiyetini test etmek için Sertifikalı Referans Madde (NIST ? SRM 1515, Apple Leaves) kullanılmıştır. Meyve, sebze ve dokularının, alevli AAS ile Al, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn içerikleri, alevli ? emisyon AAS ile K, grafit fırın AAS ile Cd, Pb, Se içerikleri tayin edilmiştir. Meyve ve meyve dokularının eser element ve mineral içerikleri; 1.45 ? 92.83 mg/ 100g alüminyum, bakır için 0.11 ? 1.84 mg / 100g , demir için 0.30 ? 61.54 mg / 100g , potasyum için 114 ? 4658. 33 mg / 100g , magnezyum için 11.03 ? 637.79 mg / 100g , mangan için 0.034 ? 10.97 mg / 100g , çinko 0.17 ? 6.26 mg / 100g , kadmiyum 0.10 ? 4.21 x 10-3 mg / 100g, kurşun için 8.91 ? 351.55 x 10-3 mg / 100g ve selenyum için 0.55 ? 45.45 x 10-3 mg / 100g aralığında bulunmuştur. Ayrıca sebze örneklerinin eser element ve mineral içerikleri; 12.80 ? 19.16 mg / 100g alüminyum, 0.34 ? 1.03 mg / 100g bakır, 29.91 ? 30.00 mg / 100g demir, 2791.67 ? 4754.17 mg / 100g potasyum, 508.33 ? 600.69 mg / 100g magnezyum, 5.07 ? 5.67 mg / 100g manganez, 2,59 ? 4.48 mg / 100g çinko, 6.48 x 10-3 mg / 100g kadmiyum, 63.22 ? 115.38 x 10-3 mg / 100g kurşun ve 41.9 ? 56.1 x 10-3 mg / 100g selenyum aralıklarında bulunmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Meyve, Sebze, Mineral, Eser Element, Mikrodalga Çözünürleştirme Tekniği, Atomik Absorpspyion SpektroskopisiÖğe ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF CUCURBITACIN D AND I FROM ECBALLIUM ELATERIUM (L.) A. RICH FRUIT JUICE(Soc Chemists Technologists Madeconia, 2019) Tosun, Emir; Baysar, AhmetThe objective of this study was to develop a rapid, economic, and efficient method for simultaneous selective isolation, separation, and purification of cucurbitacin D and I from Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich fruit juice via reversed-phase flash chromatography combined with HPLC. The chloroform extract of the fruit juice was fractionated with flash chromatography using a chloroform, acetone and methanol solvent combination at a 5 ml/min flow rate. Then, a validated HPLC method was utilized for purification of the two targeted cucurbitacins. Cucurbitacin D and I were collected automatically by the fraction collector. The fractions containing the same compounds were pooled and lyophilized. The purified cucurbitacin D and I compounds were identified by NMR, LC-MS, and UV spectra analysis. The results suggest that the applied procedure is simple, quick, and highly efficient. The HPLC method was found to be linear, accurate, precise and rugged for the quantification of the cucurbitacins studied.Öğe Kinetic and artificial neural network modeling techniques to predict the drying kinetics of Mentha spicata L.(Wiley, 2019) Karakaplan, Nihan; Goz, Eda; Tosun, Emir; Yuceer, MehmetThis study presented both the empirical and artificial neural network (ANN) approaches to estimate the moisture content of Mentha spicata. Two different types of drying methods (in shade and in oven (35 and 50 degrees C)) were used to investigate the drying kinetics of the Mentha spicata samples. The effects of drying methods on effective diffusion coefficient, moisture ratio (MR), drying rate, and activation energy were investigated. Moreover, six different thin layer drying models (Page, Diffusion approach, Newton, Modified Henderson, Henderson and Pabis and Pabis and Midilli) and an ANN with feed forward structure were used to define the drying kinetics of these samples. In order to estimate the kinetic model parameters, sequential quadratic programming (SQP) was used. Model performances were evaluated based on the coefficient of determination (R-2), root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE%) values. In the kinetic part of the modeling study, the Midilli model provided better results than the others. However, the ANN had the best results when a total assessment was made. The effective diffusion coefficient values were found in the range between 1.31 x 10(-12) and 4.43 x 10(-12) m(2)/s. The activation energy was obtained as 44.31 kJ/kmol. The R-2, MAPE%, and RMSE values for the ANN test data were 1.00, 0.2257, and 5.9447 x 10(-4), respectively. In the future, different modeling approaches will be applied to describe this drying process. Practical applications Drying is a process where heat transfer and mass transfer take place together. Modeling is an innovative approach used in evaluation of experimental data and has increasing popularity in recent years. ANNs are a powerful data-driven method, and they have a very broad area of usage from medicine to engineering issues. Empirical models are another approach for describing experimental data. In this study, these two modeling approaches were used to obtain the MR. Humidity is a condition that needs to be checked in food safety and protection. Therefore, it is very important to ensure control with robust modeling techniques. In this study, the developed ANN model had a high R-2 value (R-2 = 1.00). This indicated that it may be used successfully in real applications.Öğe Kukurbitazin I'in Anti Kanserojen Etkisinin Karaciğere Metastaz Yapmış CC531 Rat Modelinde Araştırılması(2014) Eyol, Ergül; Baysar, Ahmet; Türköz, Yusuf; Tosun, Emir[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Mineral Composition of Some Fruit, Fruit Tissue and Leafy Vegetables Consumed for Medicinal Purpose in Malatya, Turkey(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2014) Kucukbay, F. Zehra; Tosun, EmirThis study investigates the presence of K, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu Se Pb and Cd in the fruit, fruit tissues and leafy vegetable samples frequently consumed for therapeutic purpose in Malatya, located in the region of Eastern Anatolia in Turkey. Microwave digestion procedure for total concentration was applied under optimized conditions for dissolution of plant samples. Element concentrations in plant samples were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The accuracy and precision were verified against leaves certified reference material. The results of this study showed that the average concentrations detected ranged from 114 to 4754.2 mg 100 g(-1), 10 to 637.8 mg 100 g(-1), 1.45 to 92.83 mg 100 g(-1), 0.30 to 61.54 mg 100 g(-1), 0.034 to 20.83 mg 100 g(-1), 0.06 to 6.26 mg 100 g(-1), 0.05 to 1.84 mg 100 g(-1), 8.91 to 351.55 mu g 100 g(-1), 0.60 to 56.10 mu g 100 g(-1) and 0.10 to 6.48 mu g 100 g(-1) for K, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Se, Cd, respectively. Most of studied species contains the trace below the permissible limit (FAO/WHO 1984). The study revealed that investigated plant samples are good source of K, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and Se. However, some plant samples such as mint, basil, walnut and quince contained high levels of lead.Öğe Synthesis and characterization of acrylamide-based copolymeric hydrogel-silver composites: Antimicrobial activities and inhibition kinetics against E-coli(Taylor & Francis As, 2017) Boztepe, Cihangir; Tosun, Emir; Bilenler, Tugca; Sislioglu, KubraA series of acrylamide (AAm)-based hydrogels containing acrylic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS), and vinyl imidazole (VI) comonomers were prepared by free radical polymerization. Silver nanoparticles were loaded to hydrogel systems through in situ reduction of silver nitrate in the presence of sodium borohydride as a reducing agent. The synthesized hydrogels and their composites were characterized using FTIR, scanning electron microscopy, EDX, and EDX-mapping. The antimicrobial activity of hydrogel-silver composite was determined using well agar and broth dilution tests. In the first stage, four different hydrogel-silver composites were evaluated against six different microorganisms using the well agar technique. The most effective hydrogel-silver composite among all tested was poly(AAm-co-VI-co-AMPS)-Ag, while the most sensitive and resistant microorganisms among all tested were Staphylococcus cerevisiae and S. aureus, respectively. Poly(AAm-co-VI-co-AMPS)-Ag composite was used in modeling the inhibition kinetic of Escherichia coli. The present study displays that hydrogel-silver composite has considerable antimicrobial activity, which deserves further investigation for use in clinic application and industrial processing. [GRAPHICS] .