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Öğe Activation of the Mas receptors by AVE0991 and MrgD receptor using alamandine to limit the deleterious effects of Ang II-induced hypertension(Wiley, 2023) Tanriverdi, Lokman Hekim; Ozhan, Onural; Ulu, Ahmet; Yildiz, Azibe; Ates, Burhan; Vardi, Nigar; Acet, Haci AhmetThe MrgD receptor agonist, alamandine (ALA) and Mas receptor agonist, AVE0991 have recently been identified as protective components of the renin-angiotensin system. We evaluated the effects of ALA and AVE0991 on cardiovascular function and remodeling in angiotensin (Ang) II-induced hypertension in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were subject to 4-week subcutaneous infusions of Ang II (80 ng/kg/min) or saline after which they were treated with ALA (50 mu g/kg), AVE0991 (576 mu g/kg), or ALA+AVE0991 during the last 2 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) values were recorded with tail-cuff plethysmography at 1, 15, and 29 days post-treatment. After euthanization, the heart and thoracic aorta were removed for further analysis and vascular responses. SBP significantly increased in the Ang II group when compared to the control group. Furthermore, Ang II also caused an increase in cardiac and aortic cyclophilin-A (CYP-A), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and cardiomyocyte degeneration but produced a decrease in vascular relaxation. HR, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9, NADPH oxidase-4, and lysyl oxidase levels were comparable among groups. ALA, AVE0991, and the drug combination produced antihypertensive effects and alleviated vascular responses. The inflammatory and oxidative stress related to cardiac MCP-1 and CYP-A levels decreased in the Ang II+ALA+AVE0991 group. Vascular but not cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 levels decreased with Ang II administration but were similar to the Ang II+ALA+AVE0991 group. Our experimental data showed the combination of ALA and AVE0991 was found beneficial in Ang II-induced hypertension in rats by reducing SBP, oxidative stress, inflammation, and improving vascular responses.Öğe Acute and Subacute Effects of Low Versus High Doses of Standardized Panax ginseng Extract on the Heart: An Experimental Study(Humana Press Inc, 2019) Parlakpinar, Hakan; Ozhan, Onural; Ermis, Necip; Vardi, Nigar; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Tanriverdi, Lokman H.; Colak, CemilPanax ginseng is commonly used in Chinese medicine and Western herbal preparations. However, it has also been recently noted to be associated with some cardiac pathologies-including cardiogenic shock due to acute anterior myocardial infarction, trans-ischemic attack, and stent thrombosis. This study was aimed to elucidate acute and subacute effects of the low and high doses of standardized Panax ginseng extract (sPGe) on cardiac functions. Rats were randomly assigned to control group, acute low-dose group (ALD), subacute low-dose group (SALD), acute high-dose group (AHD), and subacute high-dose group (SAHD). The cardiac effects of sPGe were evaluated using hemodynamic, biochemical, echocardiographic, genetic, and immunohistopathologic parameters. Mean blood pressures were significantly lower in all sPGe-treated groups compared with the control group. Troponin I and myoglobin levels were increased in the SALD, AHD, and SAHD groups. Mitral E-wave velocity was reduced after sPGe administration in all the groups. Acidophilic cytoplasm and pyknotic nucleus in myocardial fibers were observed in AHD and SAHD groups. Cu/Zn-SOD1 gene expressions were significantly higher in the sPGe-treated groups whereas caveolin 1 and VEGF-A gene expressions were not changed. According to our results, sPGe may have a potential effect to cause cardiac damage including diastolic dysfunction, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and reduction of blood pressure depending on the dose and duration of usage. Healthcare professionals must be aware of adverse reactions stemming from the supplementation use, particularly with cardiac symptoms.Öğe Ameliorating effects of quercetin and chrysin on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats(Sage Publications Inc, 2012) Ciftci, Osman; Ozdemir, Ilknur; Vardi, Nigar; Beytur, Ali; Oguz, FatihThe aim of this study is to investigate the beneficial effects of the quercetin (Q) and chrysin (CH) against nephrotoxicity induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a persistent environmental contaminant, in rats. Rats were divided randomly into six equal groups. TCDD, Q and CH were administered by gavages dissolved in corn oil at the doses of 2 mu g/kg/week, 20 mg/kg/day and 50 mg/kg/day, respectively. The kidney samples were taken from all rats on day 60 for the determination of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels by spectrophotometric method. The results indicated that TCDD significantly induced lipid peroxidation and reduced antioxidant activities in rats. In contrast, Q and CH significantly prevented toxic effects of TCDD via increased GSH, CAT, GPx and SOD levels but decreased formation of TBARS. Also, it was determined that exposure to TCDD leads to significant histological damage in kidney tissue, and these effects can be eliminated with Q and CH treatment. In conclusion, the current study showed that exposure to TCDD can exert nephrotoxicity in rats. When Q and CH were given together with TCDD, they prevented nephrotoxic effects of TCDD. Their preventive effect lends more support to the role of oxidative and histological damage in the overall toxicity of TCDD.Öğe Ameliorative effects of aminoguanidine on rat aorta in Streptozotocin-induced diabetes and evaluation of ?-SMA expression(Turkish Soc Cardiology, 2014) Elbe, Hulya; Vardi, Nigar; Orman, Dogan; Taslidere, Elif; Yildiz, AzibeObjective: Diabetes mellitus is one of the chronic metabolic diseases which is characterized by microvascular and macrovascular complications. This study was designed to investigate the improving the effects of amnioguanidine on aortic damage in a streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat model. Methods: Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats divided into four groups as follows: Control, Aminoguanidine, Diabetes, and Diabetes+Aminoguanidine. Experimental diabetes was induced by single dose STZ (45 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. After administration of STZ, the DM+AMG group began to receive AMG (1 g/L) was prepared by dissolving in tap water during 10 weeks. At the end of the study, blood glucose levels were determined and rats were sacrified by ketamine anesthesia. Following routine tissue process, aortas were embedded in paraffin. Histochemical (H-E and Orcein) and immunohistochemical alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) stains were applied and the sections examined by light microscope. Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS 13.0 statistical program. Results: The rats in diabetes group had significantly higher blood glucose levels than the rats of control. The main histological alterations were detected in tunica media such as extensive thickening (414.32 +/- 9.62 mu m), irregular of elastic fibers and intensive alpha-SMA staining in diabetic rats. The thickness of tunica media was statistically increased in DM group, when compared with the control group (p<0.001). On the other hand, AMG prevented disorganization of elastic fibers and overexpression of alpha-SMA. The mean thickness of tunica media was decreased significantly in DM+AMG (319.16 +/- 6.53 mu m) compared with the DM group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that AMG treatment may protect the impairment of aort structure at histological level.Öğe Aminoguanidine mitigates apoptosis, testicular seminiferous tubules damage, and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats(Churchill Livingstone, 2015) Orman, Dogan; Vardi, Nigar; Ates, Burhan; Taslidere, Elif; Elbe, HulyaThis study aimed to investigate the effect of aminoguanidine (AG) against testicular damage streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes. Thirty two rats were separated into four groups: control, AG, STZ and STZ + AG. In the STZ group, 12.5 +/- 1.3% of tubules were seen as containing sloughed spermatogenic cells into the lumen, 28.7 +/- 1.8% of tubules were atrophic, 46.2 +/- 2.1% of tubules were degenerative and 8.5 +/- 0.9% of tubules contained giant cells. Statistically, the affected tubule number was significantly lower in the STZ + AG group than in the STZ group. Intensely stained caspase-3 cells showed a statistically significant increase in the STZ group, while it decreased in the STZ + AG group. The enzyme activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) level decreased and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) increased in the STZ group, while AG treated diabetic rats showed an increase of CAT, SOD activity and GSH level and a decrease in MDA and NO levels. This study shows that the oxidative stress, increased NO level and apoptotic cell death play an important role in diabetic rat testicular damage and that AG treatment of diabetic rats results in protection of spermatogenic cells against oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist treatment of doxorubicin induced heart failure(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Ermis, Necip; Ulutas, Zeynep; Ozhan, Onural; Yildiz, Azibe; Vardi, Nigar; Colak, Cemil; Parlakpinar, HakanDoxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline derivative used for treatment of malignancies; however, its clinical use is limited by its cardiotoxicity. We investigated the effects of angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist compound 21 (C21) on DOX induced heart failure in rat heart. We compared C21 with losartan (LOS), an AT 1 receptor antagonist used for treating heart failure. We allocated 40 rats into five groups of eight: saline treated control group, DOX group administered a single 20 mg/kg dose of DOX, DOX + C21 group administered 0.3 mg/kg C21 for 21 days following the 20 mg/kg dose of DOX, DOX + losartan (LOS) group administered a 21 day regimen of 20 mg/kg LOS following the single dose of DOX, and a DOX + LOS + C21 group administered 0.3 mg/kg C21 and 20 mg/kg LOS for 21 days following the single dose of DOX. We assessed histopathology and conducted echocardiograpic and hemodynamic measurements. Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) was reduced only in the DOX treated group. C21, LOS and C21 + LOS therapy prevented decreased EF due to DOX. Less histopathology was observed in the DOX + LOS + C21 group than for the other treatment groups. Application of C21 decreased DOX induced cardiac injury similar to LOS. Combined use of C21 and LOS was most beneficial for DOX induced heart failure.Öğe Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Aminoguanidine Against Liver Damage on Experimental Diabetes in Rats(İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 2014) Taslidere, Elif; Vardi, Nigar; Orman, Dogan; Elbe, HulyaObjective: This study was designed to investigate the antiapoptotic and improving effects of aminoguanidine on the histological alterations in liver in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. Material and Methods: 32 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into the following 4 groups: Control, Aminoguanidine (AMG), Streptozotocin (STZ), Streptozotocin + Aminoguanidine (STZ+AMG). The animals in group STZ and STZ+AMG were made diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 45 mg/kg. Histochemical and immunohistochemical staining methods were applied to sections obtained from paraffin blocks and preparations were examined by using Leica DFC-280 light microscope. Results: The sections taken from the control and AMG groups were normal in histological appearance. However, multifocal nodules containing inflammatory cells were observed in the diabetic group. Moreover necrotic hepatocytes and hemorrhagic areas were observed among intact hepatocyte of lobul in the STZ group. Glycogen loss was observed in the hepatocytes localized at the periphery of lobule. In addition, the numbers of cells with positive staining by caspase-3 were significantly increased. On the other hand, it was seen that, in the groups administered with STZ, histological injury in the liver was attenuated by the administration of AMG. Moreover, it was found that the number of caspase-3 positive cells was significantly decreased in the STZ+AMG group. Conclusion: We concluded that chronic aminoguanidine administration reduced liver injury in STZ- induced diabetic rats. Thus, we suggest that aminoguanidine may be used to prevent the development of diabetic liver damage.Öğe Antiapoptotic and antioxidant effects of ?-carotene against methotrexate-induced testicular injury(Elsevier Science Inc, 2009) Vardi, Nigar; Parlakpinar, Hakan; Ates, Burhan; Cetin, Asli; Otlu, AliObjective: To investigate the effect of beta-carotene against testicular injury induced by methotrexate (MTX). Design: Experimental study. Setting: Animal and histology laboratory at Inonu University. Animal(s): Twenty-eight Wistar male rats. Intervention(s): Twenty-eight rats were separated into four groups: control, beta-carotene, MTX, and beta-carotene + MTX. At the end of the treatment, the animals were killed, and tissue samples were examined via histologic and biochemical methods. Main Outcome Measure(s): in each group, 100 tubules were classified as intact, sloughing, atrophic, and degenerated. Caspase-3, a universal effector of apoptosis, was evaluated according to staining in place of coloring as weak, mild, and strong. Result(s): In the MTX group, 58.5 + 3.7% of tubules were sloughing, 10.8 + 2.1% of tubules were atrophic, and 2.0 + 0.6% of tubules were degenerative. In the beta-carotene + MTX group, the affected tubule number was statistically significantly lower than in the MTX group. The distribution of caspase-3 in the MTX group showed a statistically significant increase, but it decreased in the beta-carotene + MTX group. The enzyme activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GP-x) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased and decreased in parallel. Conclusion(s): Our results indicate that beta-carotene may be useful in decreasing the side effects of chemotherapy, including apoptotic cell death. (Fertil Steril(R) 2009;92:2028-33. (C)2009 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.)Öğe Beneficial effects of chlorogenic acid on methotrexate-induced cerebellar Purkinje cell damage in rats(Elsevier, 2012) Vardi, Nigar; Parlakpinar, Hakan; Ates, BurhanSeveral studies have well confirmed the contribution of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of methotrexate (MTX)-induced damage in the various organs. Many agents have been tested experimentally to reduce or inhibit the oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine the possible protective effect of chlorogenic acid (CLG) on MTX-induced cerebellar damage in rats. The rats were randomly divided into three groups as follows: I: control group; II: MIX group; Ill: CLG + MIX group. In the MIX group; malondialdehyde (MDA) content was found to be increased, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, and glutathione (GSH) content were decreased. On the other hand, CLG markedly attenuated the elevated MDA content and prevented the deleterious effects of MIX on oxidative stress markers. MIX caused severe loss of Purkinje cells and apoptotic cell death in the cerebellum. The CLG administration before MTX treatment significantly reduced Purkinje cell damage and the expression of apoptotic cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that chlorogenic acid treatment may protect the impairment of oxidative stress and ameliorate MIX-induced cerebellar damage at biochemical and histological levels. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Beneficial effects of dexpanthenol on mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion injury in experimental rat model(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Cagin, Yasir Furkan; Atayan, Yahya; Sahin, Nurhan; Parlakpinar, Hakan; Polat, Alaadin; Vardi, Nigar; Tagluk, Mehmet EminBackground and aim It has been reported that intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury results from oxidative stress caused by increased reactive oxygen species. Dexpanthenol (Dxp) is an alcohol analogue with epitelization, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and increasing peristalsis activities. In the present study, the aim was to investigate protective and therapeutic effects of Dxp against intestinal I/R injury. Materials and methods Overall, 40 rats were assigned into five groups including one control, one alone Dxp, and three I/R groups (40-min ischemia; followed by 2-h reperfusion). In two I/R groups, Dxp (500mg/kg, i.m.) was given before or during ischemia. The histopathological findings including apoptotic changes, and also tissue and serum biochemical parameters levels, were determined. Oxidative stress and ileum damage were assessed by biochemical and histological examination. In the control (n=8) and alone Dxp (n=8; 500mg/kg, i.m. of Dxp was given at least 30min before recording), groups were incised via laparotomy, and electrical activity was recorded from their intestines. In this experiment, the effect of Dxp on the motility of the intestine was examined by analyzing electrical activity. Results In ileum, oxidant levels were found to be higher, while antioxidant levels were found to be lower in I/R groups when compared with controls. Dxp approximated high levels of oxidants than those in the control group, while it increased antioxidant values compared with I/R groups. Histopathological changes caused by intestinal I/R injury and histological improvements were observed in both groups given Dxp. In the Dxp group, electrical signal activity markedly increased compared with the control group. Conclusions Here, it was seen that Dxp had protective and therapeutic effects on intestinal I/R injury and gastrointestinal system peristaltism.Öğe Beneficial Effects of Montelukast against Cisplatin-Induced Acute Renal Damage in Rats(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2012) Beytur, Ali; Kose, Evren; Sarihan, Mehmet Ediz; Sapmaz, Hilal Irmak; Dogan, Zumrut; Cetin, Asli; Vardi, NigarObjective: In this study, the therapeutic and protective effects of montelukast against cisplatin (CP)-induced acute renal damage were investigated. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five female rats were divided into five groups as follows: (1) control, (2) montelukast (10 mg/kg daily for 10 days per-oral (p.o.), (3) CP (single dose 7 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.)), (4) CP + montelukast (10 mg/kg daily for 10 days p.o., after 3 days of the injection of CP), (5) montelukast (10 mg/kg daily for 10 days p.o.) + CP (single dose 7 mg/kg i.p., after the last dose of montelukast). At the end of the experiment, malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation product, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were determined in the renal tissue. Also, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) levels were assayed from the trunk blood samples. Results: CP treatment caused a significant elevation of MDA, MPO, BUN, and Cr levels when compared with the control group. Also, GSH levels were found to be reduced due to the CP treatment. Montelukast administration after CP injection ameliorated all of these parameters. Our histopathological findings (marked swelling of epithelial cells, tubular dilatation, tubular desquamation, and loss of brush border in the kidney) were consistent with the biochemical results. Conclusion: Montelukast treatment after CP injection exerted therapeutic effects against CP-induced acute kidney damage.Öğe Beneficial Effects of Montelukast Against Methotrexate-Induced Liver Toxicity: A Biochemical and Histological Study(Hindawi Ltd, 2012) Kose, Evren; Sapmaz, Hilal Irmak; Sarihan, Ediz; Vardi, Nigar; Turkoz, Yusuf; Ekinci, NihatThe effects of montelukast against methotrexate-induced liver damage were investigated. 35 Wistar albino female rats were divided into 5 groups as follows: group I: control; group II: montelukast (ML); group III: methotrexate (Mtx); group IV: montelukast treatment after methotrexate application (Mtx + ML); group V: montelukast treatment before methotrexate application (ML + Mtx). At the end of the experiment, the liver tissues of rats were removed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and reduced glutathione levels were determined from liver tissues. In addition, the liver tissues were examined histologically. MDA and MPO levels of Mtx group were significantly increased when compared to control group. In Mtx + ML group, these parameters were decreased as compared to Mtx group. Mtx injection exhibited major histological alterations such as eosinophilic staining and swelling of hepatocytes. The glycogen storage in hepatocytes was observed as decreased by periodic acid schiff staining in Mtx group as compared to controls. ML treatment did not completely ameliorate the lesions and milder degenerative alterations as loss of the glycogen content was still present. It was showed that montelukast treatment after methotrexate application could reduce methotrexate-induced experimental liver damage.Öğe Comparison of Reproductive Toxicity Caused by Cisplatin and Novel Platinum-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex in Male Rats(Wiley, 2011) Ciftci, Osman; Beytur, Ali; Cakir, Oguz; Gurbuz, Nevin; Vardi, NigarCisplatin and other platinum complexes are important chemotherapeutic agents and useful in the treatment for several cancers such as prostate, ovarian and testis. However, severe side effects including reproductive toxicity of cisplatin and other platinum complex cause limitations in their clinical usage. In this context, we aimed to compare the damage in testis caused by cisplatin and a novel platinum-N-heterocyclic carbene complex (Pt-NHC). To this end, 35 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five equal groups (n = 7 in each group). Cisplatin and Pt-NHC were intraperitoneally administered as a single dose of 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg, and the rats were then killed 10 days after this treatment. The testicular tissues and serum samples were taken from all rats for the determination of reproductive toxicity. The results showed that cisplatin and Pt-NHC caused toxicity on the reproductive system via increased oxidative and histological damage, decreased serum testosterone levels and negatively altered sperm characteristics in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). At the same dose levels, cisplatin generally caused lower toxicity on the reproductive system compared with Pt-NHC. In conclusion, these results suggest that Pt-NHC has more toxic effects on the male reproductive system than cisplatin, and in terms of clinical usage, Pt-NHC may be unsafe compared with cisplatin.Öğe Comparison of the Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy and Ozone Therapy on Bone Healing(JOURNAL OF CRANIOFACIAL SURGERY, 2015) Alan, Hilal; Vardi, Nigar; Ozgur, Cem; Huseyin, Ahmet; Yolcu, Umit; Dogan, Derya OzdemirThis study aims to compare the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and ozone therapy on the bone healing. Thirty-six adult male Wistar albino rats were used for this study. Monocortical defects were shaped in right femur of all rats. Defects were filled with nano-hydroxyapatite graft. The animals were divided into 3 groups and each group was than divided into 2 subgroups. Then, LLLT with a diode laser was applied to the first group (G1), ozone therapy was applied to the second group (G2), and no treatment was applied to the third group as a control group (G3). Animals were sacrificed after 4th and 8th weeks and the sections were examined to evaluate the density of the inflammation, the formation of connective tissue, the osteogenic potential, and osteocalcin activity. As a result, there were no significant differences among the groups of 4 weeks in terms of new bone formation. In the immunohistochemical assessment, the number of osteocalcin-positive cells was higher in the laser group compared to the other group of 4 weeks; this difference was statistically significant in the LLLT and ozone groups (P < 0.05). Histomorphometric assessment showed that the new bone areas were higher in the LLLT and ozone groups; furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference in the LLLT in comparison with the control group at 8th week (P < 0.05). At the same time immunohistochemical assessment showed that osteocalcin-positive cells were considerably higher in G2 than G1 at 8th week (P < 0.05). The findings of this study may be the result of differences in the number of treatment sessions. Further studies are therefore needed to determine the optimal treatment modality.Öğe Comparison of the Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy and Ozone Therapy on Bone Healing(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2015) Alan, Hilal; Vardi, Nigar; Ozgur, Cem; Huseyin, Ahmet; Yolcu, Umit; Dogan, Derya OzdemirThis study aims to compare the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and ozone therapy on the bone healing. Thirty-six adult male Wistar albino rats were used for this study. Monocortical defects were shaped in right femur of all rats. Defects were filled with nano-hydroxyapatite graft. The animals were divided into 3 groups and each group was than divided into 2 subgroups. Then, LLLT with a diode laser was applied to the first group (G1), ozone therapy was applied to the second group (G2), and no treatment was applied to the third group as a control group (G3). Animals were sacrificed after 4th and 8th weeks and the sections were examined to evaluate the density of the inflammation, the formation of connective tissue, the osteogenic potential, and osteocalcin activity. As a result, there were no significant differences among the groups of 4 weeks in terms of new bone formation. In the immunohistochemical assessment, the number of osteocalcin-positive cells was higher in the laser group compared to the other group of 4 weeks; this difference was statistically significant in the LLLT and ozone groups (P < 0.05). Histomorphometric assessment showed that the new bone areas were higher in the LLLT and ozone groups; furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference in the LLLT in comparison with the control group at 8th week (P < 0.05). At the same time immunohistochemical assessment showed that osteocalcin-positive cells were considerably higher in G2 than G1 at 8th week (P < 0.05). The findings of this study may be the result of differences in the number of treatment sessions. Further studies are therefore needed to determine the optimal treatment modality.Öğe Covid-19 and Sars: Two corona virus pandemics encountered in the last two decades(2020) Taslidere, Elif; Vardi, Nigar; Cirik, Hilal RumeyzaThe New Corona Virus Disease declared by the World Health Organization as pandemics on 11th March 2020, is the third pandemics caused by coronaviruses since the beginning of the 21st century. Other pandemics are Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome. While the similarity between SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV was 50%, the same between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV was higher than 80%. With regard to virus classification, those three viruses, causing pandemics belonged to the coronavirus (in Latin: Orthocoronavirinae) sub-family of the Coronaviridae family. The Corona Viruses are enveloped RNA viruses which cause a wide spectrum of respiratory tract infections in human, other mammals or birds. The receptor bound by SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 to penetrate to the host cell is common, namely angiotensin converter enzyme 2 receptor. Corona viruses are shown to bind to the angiotensin converter enzyme 2 receptor on the surface of human cell by means of the spike protein (S protein) being one of the structural proteins existing on its outer envelope. As SARS-CoV-2 is a newly appearing virus, in this compilation we compared the two coronavirus pandemics, i.e. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and the New Corona Virus Disease, encountered in the last two decades. We searched the function of the angiotensin converter enzyme 2 in cells, in which the angiotensin converter enzyme 2 is expressed, similarities and differences of the clinical profile of SARS and COVID-19. Our purpose is to compile the information and experience obtained from the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome outbreak with the understanding we gained from the New Corona Virus Disease and to assist in offering new ideas in an effort to prevent this pandemic.Öğe Design of Xylose-Based Semisynthetic Polyurethane Tissue Adhesives with Enhanced Bioactivity Properties(Amer Chemical Soc, 2016) Balcioglu, Sevgi; Parlakpinar, Hakan; Vardi, Nigar; Denkbas, Emir Baki; Karaaslan, Merve Goksin; Gulgen, Selam; Taslidere, ElifDeveloping biocompatible tissue adhesives with high adhesion properties is a highly desired goal of the tissue engineering due to adverse effects of the sutures. Therefore, our work involves synthesis, characterization, adhesion properties, protein adsorption, in vitro biodegradation, in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility properties of xylose-based semisynthetic polyurethane (NPU-PEG-X) bioadhesives. Xylose-based semisynthetic polyurethanes were developed by the reaction among 4,4'-methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) (MCI), xylose and polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG). Synthesized polyurethanes (PUs) showed good thermal stability and high adhesion strength. The highest values in adhesion strength were measured as 415.0 +/- 48.8 and 94.0 +/- 2.8 kPa for aluminum substrate and muscle tissue in 15% xylose containing PUs (NPU-PEG-X-15%), respectively. The biodegradation of NPU-PEG-X-15% was also determined as 19.96 +/- 1.04% after 8 weeks of incubation. Relative cell viability of xylose containing PU was above 86%. Moreover, 10% xylose containing NPU-PEG-X (NPU-PEG-X-10%) sample has favorable tissue response, and inflammatory reaction between 1 and 6 weeks implantation period. With high adhesiveness and biocompatibility properties, NPU-PEG-X can be used in the medical field as supporting materials for preventing the fluid leakage after abdominal surgery or wound closure.Öğe Dexmedetomidine attenuates lung injury induced by liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats(Scientific Publishers India, 2017) Sahin, Taylan; Begec, Zekine; Elbe, Hulya; Vardi, Nigar; Durmus, Mahmut; Ersoy, M. OzcanObjectives: It was aimed to evaluate histological effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine on lung injury induced by liver ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Materials and methods: Forty rats were included into the study in Inonu University Animal laboratory at 2013, In Group 1, the liver was manipulated and no occlusion of the vessels of the liver was performed. In IR Group 2, 60 min of ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion were applied. In Group 3, 10 mu g/kg of dexmedetomidine was injected into the peritoneal cavity 30 min before ischemia. In Group 4, 100 mu g/kg of dexmedetomidine was administered via intraperitoneal route 30 min before ischemia. Further procedures in groups 3 and 4 were the same as those of group 2. After the experiment was completed, the rats were killed and then histologic assessments were performed to the lung tissues. Results: Histopathological damage score in group 2 was higher than in group 1. Although lung damage was recognized as alleviated in group 3, the lesions did not completely improve. However, treatment with 100 mu g/kg of dexmedetomidine was more effective than 10 mu g/kg of dexmedetomidine injection in respect to protection of alveolar structures. The difference was found to be statistically significant between group 3 and group 4 in terms of histopathological damage score. Conclusions: The present study suggests that dexmedetomidine administration may be beneficial for preventing lung injury induced by hepatic IR.Öğe Does apocynin increase liver regeneration in the partial hepatectomy model?(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2023) Bilgic, Yilmaz; Kanat, Burhan Hakan; Ozhan, Onural; Yildiz, Azibe; Aksungur, Zeynep; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Vardi, NigarBackground/aim: Hepayocyte loss may develop secondary to liver surgery and at this point liver regeneration plays a significant act in terms of liver reserve. The purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of apocynin on liver regeneration and preservation after partial hepatectomy in rats.Materials and methods: A total of 32 rats, have been divided into 4 groups (n: 8) for hepatectomy model. Inflammatory and antiinflammatory parameters were measured from blood and liver tissue samples. In addition, the effects of apocynin were examined immunohistochemically and histopathologically from liver tissue. Results: In liver tissue samples, a significant difference has been found in glutathione peroxidase, total nitrite, catalase, oxidative stress index, total antioxidant and total oxidant status between sham and hepatectomy groups. A significant difference has been achieved between hepatectomy and posthepatectomy-Apocynin in terms of glutathione peroxidase and oxidative stress index. Total antioxidant status, oxidative stress index, and total oxidant status were significantly different only between the sham and the hepatectomy groups. Statistical differences were found between sham and hepatectomy groups and between hepatectomy and pre+post-hepatectomy-Apocynin groups in terms of serum glutathione, malondialdehyde, total nitrite, and L-Arginine. There were significant differences between the sham and hepatectomy groups, between hepatectomy and posthepatectomy-apocynin groups, between posthepatctomy-apocynin and pre+posthepatectomy-apocynin groups in terms of sinusoidal dilatation, intracytoplasmic vacuolization and glycogen loss (p < 0.001), in all histopathologic parameters except sinusoidal dilatation (p < 0.05). However, significant Ki-67 increases have been elaborated in hepatectomy, posthepatectomy-apocynin, and pre+posthepatectomy-apocynin groups compared to sham group (p < 0.001), in pre+posthepatectomy apocynin group compared to hepatectomy and posthepatectomy-apocynin groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and biochemistry results of this study revealed that apocynin has a protective effect on enhancing liver regeneration in partial hepatectomy cases in rats.Öğe Does Maternal Viral Infection At A Critical Window Of Fetal Hypthalamic Nuclei Development Program Puberty And Gonadal Development In Male Rat Offsprings?(Wiley-Blackwell, 2015) Cakan, Pinar; Yildiz, Sedat; Ozgocer, Tuba; Yildiz, Azibe; Vardi, Nigar[Abstract Not Available]
