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Öğe Antibacterial effectiveness of alkalinized ropivacaine and bupivacaine(2007) Begeç Z.; Gülhaş N.; Toprak H.I.; Erdil F.; Yetkin G.; Özean Ersoy M.Aim: We aimed to investigate the antibacterial effects of alkalinized ropivacaine and bupivacaine on the Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Materials and Methods: In this study, solutions of bupivacaine 0.5%, ropivaeaine 0.2%, bupivakain 0.5%+NaHCO3, ropivakain 0.2%+NaHCO3 with bactorial cultures' E. coli, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were used. Bacteria were grown on standard blood agar. Bacterial cultures were prepared in a density of 0.5 McFarlands units (10 8 efu ml-1) with sterile saline 0.9% and each bacterial solution was further diluted in Mueller-Hinton broth to obtain standard inocula (105 cfu ml-1). The tested solutions (2 ml) and controls (2 ml, physiological saline) were added to 2 ml of standard bacterial preparations. Aliquats (3 ml) were vortexed and pipetted into sterile polystyrene spectrophotometer cuvets and it was incubated at 37°C. The optical density at 540 nm was measured at 0, 3 and 6 h by spectrophotometer. Results: While hupivacaine inhibited the growth of S. aureus and E. coli at all measurements times, P. aeruginosa inhibited at only 6 h (p<0.05). Alkalinized bupivacaine inhibited the growth of S. aureus at 0 h and E. coli at 0 and 6 h (p<0.05). Antibacterial effects of hupivacaine on E. coli was significantly higher than alkalinized bupivacaine at 6h (p<0.05). While ropivaeaine more inhibited the growth of S. aureus at 0 and 3 h than alkalinized ropivauaine, alkalinized ropivacaine less inhibited it according to the control (p<0.05). While both ropivacainc and alkalinized ropivakain inhibited the growth of E. coli at 3 and 6 h, at 0 h only ropivacaine inhibited it (p<0.05). Ropivacaine and alkalinized ropivaeaine inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa at 3 h (p<0.05). Conclusion: It has been determined that bupivacaine has antibacterial effect and alkalinization of bupivacaine does not change it, ropivacaine has poor antibacterial effect and it more reduced with alkalinization of ropivacaine.Öğe AntiHBs seropositivity in children aged between 2-16 years who were admitted to Turgut Özal Medical Center(Kare Publishing, 2006) Özen M.; Yolo?lu S.; Işik Y.; Yetkin G.Objective: We aimed to determine the ratio of antiHBs seropositivity in patients aged between 0-16 years who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of a university hospital in Eastern Anatolia. In addition, we wanted to show if there is any difference in children who were born after implementation of hepatitis B vaccine into national immunization programme. Material and Method: We studied 989 subjects, aged 2 months-16 years, who were admitted to our Department between 2004 January and 2005 July. We used x2 test to evaluate the serological results. Results: There is statistically significant decrease of antiHBs seropositivity with increasing age (x2: 72.8, p<0.00001). On the contrary, there is significant increase in ratio of antiHBc-IgG seropositivity with increasing age (x2: 27.2, p<0.0001). Conclusions: The ratio of antiHBs seropositivity is increasing in subjects born after implementation of hepatitis B vaccine into national immunization scheme, though not reached to targeted level yet.Öğe Distribution of bacteria isolated from urine cultures in Malatya University Hospital Laboratory(2006) Yetkin G.; Kuzucu Ç.; Güçlüer N.The aim of this letter was to report the distribution of bacterial species isolated from the urine samples of patients in Malatya, which is located in Estern Anatolia part of Turkey. A total of 3.774 urine cultures were performed in the period of April-June 2006, and 792 (21%) of them yielded bacterial growth. The isolates have been identified by conventional methods and confirmed by Phoenix 100 (Becton-Dickinson) system. As a result, 702 (89%) Gram negative and 90 (11%) Gram positive bacteria were isolated from the samples. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli (58%), followed by Klebsiella spp. (14%), Pseudomonas spp. (6.4%), Enterococcus spp. (5%), Staphylococcus spp. (3.8%) and Streptococcus spp. (1.7%). The species distribution was found as follows; K.pneumoniae ssp pneumoniae (95/110), P.aeruginosa (48/51), E.faecalis (27/40), E.cloacae (19/29), P.mirabilis (19/22), C.freundii (8/12), coagulase negative staphylococci (19/30) and S.aureus (11/30). The first three array were shared by E.coli, Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas spp. for the samples of both outpatients and inpatients, while Pseudomonas spp. and E.coli were the most frequently isolated bacteria from the urine samples of intensive care unit patients. Our data was found parallel to the results of other national and international studies.Öğe Plasminogen activator inhibitor -1 levels in patients with primary varicose vein(2012) Erguzel N.; Yetkin E.; Erdem G.; Erdil N.; Yetkin G.; Heper G.; Celik T.Aim. Plasmin is involved in extracellular matrix remodeling by activating some matrix metallo-proteinases and degrading extracellular matrix; therefore component of fibrinolytic system such as tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activators inhibitors (PAI-1) might have a role in the pathogenesis of vascular remodeling. In our study we aimed to investigate the levels of PAI-1 levels in patients with primary varicose veins (VV) and in their age and gender matched control group. Methods. Forty-one consecutive patients with peripheral varicose veins and 37 healthy age and gender-matched control subjects were included in the study from the outpatient cardiology and cardiovascular surgery clinic. Study population consisted of 41 consecutive patients who met the inclusion criteria and diagnosed as having class II primary VV according to CEAP classification. Routine biochemical and hematological analysis were performed in all patients and control subjects. Results. Plasma levels of PAI-1 were found to be lower in patients than those in control subjects (5.19±2.2 ng/mL vs. 6.47±2.6 ng/mL, P=0.025). Logistic regression analysis revealed that only the plasma levels of PAI-1 were found to be independently but inversely associated with the presence of primary VVs (Odds ratio: 0.80 CI: 0.64-0.99, P=0.04). Conclusion. We have shown that PAI-1 levels are significantly decreased in patients with pVVs and it has an independent association with the presence of pWs. However, its exact relation and role via matrix metlalloproteinases on the pathogenesis of the disease remains to be elucidated in further studies.Öğe A pneumonia case caused by Cedecea Lapagei(2008) Yetkin G.; Ay S.; Kayabaş Ü.; Gedik E.; Güçlüer N.; Çalişkan A.Cedecea spp. which are the members of Enterobacterioceae family, are mostly isolated from sputum and their clinical importance is not yet demonstrated. This report presents a pneumonia case caused by Cedecea lapagei. A 38-years-old male patient admitted to Inonu University Faculty of Medicine Emergency department with prediagnosis of subarachnoid haemorrhage was operated and transferred to Intensive Care Unit of Reanimation where he underwent artificial ventilation. On the third day of hospitalization his temperature was 39°C, white blood cell count was 27.000/ml and he was still unconscious. He had a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest X-ray revealed opacities in the right lower lobe and mucoid tracheal secretion ensued following tracheal entubation performed after operation. Direct microscopic examination of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid yielded abundant number of leukocytes and gram-negative bacilli. Bacteria isolated from BAL specimen were identified as Clopagei y Phoenix 100 (Becton Dickinson, USA) automated system and also by API 20E kit (Biomerieux, France). Upon the initiation of intravenous amikacin (1 × 1 g) and meropenern (3 × 1 9), the signs of infection decreased in intensity, however, the patient was lost due to subarachnoid hemorrhage on the 12th day of hospitalization. In this case it was estimated that C.lapagei pneumonia originated from the aspiration of upper airway secretion owing to unconsciousness of the patient. Although there were reports of Cedecea infections in the literature, this was 14 first documented case of C.lapagei pneumonia when the accessible related literature was concerned.
