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    Fruit Weight, Total Phenolics, Acidity and Sugar Content of Edible Wild Pear (Pyrus elaeagnifolia Pall.) Fruits
    (Springer, 2015) Yilmaz, Kadir Ugurtan; Ercisli, Sezai; Cam, Mustafa; Uzun, Aydin; Yilmaztekin, Murat; Kafkas, Ebru; Pinar, Hasan
    Wild pear (Pyrus eleagnifolia) is a naturally grown species mainly in inner Anatolia and its edible small fruits are traditionally consumed by local peoples and are called Ahlat in Turkey. Its seedlings are also used as rootstock for commercial pear cultivars. In this study, we reported first time pomological characteristics and biochemical compositions in fruits of a wide number selected wild pears genotypes (Pyrus eleagnifolia Pall.) from inner Anatolia. The obtained results revealed that there were significant differences among wild pear genotypes for all analyzed parameters. Fruit weight, total phenolics, total acidity and total sugar contents of the fruits varied from 4.71 to 27.09 g, 42.79 to 119.14 mg GAE/100 g, 0.20 to 1.40 g/100 g and 8.36 to 19.31 g/100 g, respectively. Considering these values, it was concluded that naturally grown wild pears of Anatolia with their rich salubrious biochemical compounds could reliably be used as a food source for humans.
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    Genetic Relatedness in Prunus Genus Revealed by Inter-simple Sequence Repeat Markers
    (Amer Soc Horticultural Science, 2009) Yilmaz, Kadir Ugurtan; Ercisli, Sezai; Asma, Bayram Murat; Dogan, Yildiz; Kafkas, Salih
    Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to study the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among 16 genotypes from subgenus Prunus (six genotypes from section Prunophora, seven genotypes from section Armeniaca and two plumcot genotypes, and one genotype from subgenus Cerasus) in Prunus genus. From the polymerase chain reaction amplifications with 20 ISSR primers showing polymorphism among subgenera and sections, 180 polymorphic ISSR bands were detected and polymorphism ratio ranged from 57% to 100%. Based on the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) analysis and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) using the Jaccard coefficient, a dendrogram and three-dimensional plot were constructed including genotypes in Prunus genus. Two main groups formed in the dendrogram; one of them (Cluster I) included Cerasus, whereas Cluster II included Prunus. Cluster II also divided into three subgroups, including sections Prunophora, Armeniaca, and plumcot. Both UPGMA and the PCoA demonstrated that Armeniaca genotypes had lower genetic variation and plumcot genotypes are closer to the plums than the apricots. The ISSR-based phylogeny was generally consistent with Prunus taxonomy based on molecular evidence, suggesting the applicability of ISSR analysis for genotypic and phylogenetic studies in Prunus genus.
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    Some selected physico-chemical characteristics of wild and cultivated blackberry fruits (Rubus fruticosus L.) from Turkey
    (Ars Docendi, 2009) Yilmaz, Kadir Ugurtan; Zengin, Yasar; Ercisli, Sezai; Serce, Sedat; Gunduz, Kazim; Sengul, Memnune; Asma, Bayram Murat
    In this study, some selected physico-chemical properties such as fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity, TSS/acidity ratio, pH, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging capacity of 9 cultivated and 16 selected wild blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) genotypes grown in Turkey were investigated. The total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and free radical-scavenging capacity of blackberry cultivars and genotypes were determined by using Folin-Ciocalteu, beta-carotene bleaching and DPPH radical assays. The results showed that, average fruit weight and fruit dimensions were higher in cultivated blackberries than wild materials. However, TSS, acidity and pH values were higher in wild materials. The total phenolic contents of blackberry cultivars and wild genotypes were in a range of 584 (cv. Bartin) to 788 (cv. Chester) mg/100 g and 610 (Genotypr R2) to 1455 mg/100 g (Genotype R16), expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAE), on afresh weight basis. Antioxidant activity of cultivated and wild growing blackberry fruits was found between 72.15 (cv. Arapaho)-89.75% (cv. Bursa 3) and 59.85 (R1)-87.42% (R10), respectively. The antioxidant activity of standard BHA was 85.07%. Different cultivars grown in same location consistently showed differences in antioxidant capacity. The results of this study outlines that the blackberry fruits tested are good sources of natural antioxidants.