A novel UA-CPME-FAAS method for simultaneous determination of Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II) in grape and pomegranate samples using a bis (phthalimidoethyloxy)anthraquinone ligand

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dc.contributor.authorMumcu, Taskin
dc.contributor.authorMumcu, Akin
dc.contributor.authorYilmaz, Ulku
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:35:00Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:35:00Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractIn this study, a novel ultrasound-assisted cloud point microextraction (UA-CPME) method coupled with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II) ions in fruit samples. The extraction strategy employed synthesized 1,8-bis(phthalimidoethyloxy)anthraquinone ligand, used for the first time in a CPME system. Under optimized conditions, the metal-ligand complexes were efficiently extracted into the surfactant rich phase using the nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 at mild temperature and pH. The analytical performance of the method was remarkable, with low detection limits (0.6 mu g L-1 for Pb, 0.5 mu g L-1 for Cd, and 0.4 mu g L-1 for Cu), wide linear ranges (Pb: 0.7-350, Cd: 0.7-400, Cu: 0.5-400 mu g L-1), and excellent recoveries ranging from 95.6 % to 99.4 % with relative standard deviations below 2 %. The method was successfully applied to real grape and pomegranate juice samples, high recoveries and demonstrating minimal matrix effects. Matrix-matched calibration was not required, confirming the method's robustness and selectivity across different sample types. Furthermore, the use of a non toxic surfactant and elimination of organic solvents highlight the green and eco friendly nature of the method. Overall, the proposed UA-CPME-FAAS approach offers a simple, sensitive, cost effective, and environmentally sustainable solution for trace level multimetal analysis in complex food matrices such as fruit based samples.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jfca.2025.108374
dc.identifier.issn0889-1575
dc.identifier.issn1096-0481
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-0675-8934
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-2806-4781
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105017091658
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2025.108374
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/109539
dc.identifier.volume148
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001585458400001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAcademic Press Inc Elsevier Science
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Food Composition and Analysis
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectCloud point microextraction (CPME)
dc.subjectAnthraquinone-based ligand
dc.subjectGreen extraction technique
dc.subjectHeavy metal monitoring
dc.titleA novel UA-CPME-FAAS method for simultaneous determination of Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II) in grape and pomegranate samples using a bis (phthalimidoethyloxy)anthraquinone ligand
dc.typeArticle

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