Immediate effect of exercise and music on attention among school-age youth: A comprehensive experimental study

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dc.contributor.authorKurtoglu, Ahmet
dc.contributor.authorKoca, Mehmet Emek
dc.contributor.authorTurkmen, Musa
dc.contributor.authorCar, Bekir
dc.contributor.authorEken, Ozgur
dc.contributor.authorSetiewan, Edi
dc.contributor.authorElkholi, Safaa M.
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:33:26Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:33:26Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractBackground/objectives: Low attention level, especially in school-age children in preadolescence and adolescence, affects educational activities. The effects of different types of music and exercise on attention level have been an important subject of research for many years. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of aerobic and yoga exercise intervention program applied synchronously with different types of music on the attention level of primary 2 students studying. Materials and methods: In this study, 19 male (age = 12.63 +/- 0.83 years, height = 145.78 +/- 4.58 cm, weight = 47.73 +/- 7.94 kg, body mass index = 22.43 +/- 3.51 kg/m(2)), 27 female students (age = 12.40 +/- 1.15 years, height = 141.03 +/- 3.34 cm, weight = 42.14 +/- 4.13 kg, body mass index = 21.15 +/- 1.45 kg/m(2)) were included. Participants performed 3 different exercise programs (no exercise [NE], aerobic exercise [AE], and yoga exercise [YE]) without music (NM), listening to traditional music (TM), classical music, and current popular music (PM), after which participants' attention was analyzed using the Burdon Attention Test. Results: In the NE group, participants' attentional levels were lower in the NM condition compared to TM and PM (P = .019, Delta = -7.86, Std. Err = 2.23; P = .001, Delta = -9.74, Std. Err = 2.22, respectively). During AE and YE, different music genres had no effect (P > .05). As a result of the post hoc analysis, the attention test results obtained from the NM and TM genres in the NE protocol were significantly lower than the attention test results obtained from all music genres during AE and YE (P < .05). There was no significant difference between the values obtained from NE-PM and the values obtained from AE and YE (P > .05). At the same time, attention test results did not change between AE and YE during any music genre. Conclusions: In conclusion, exercise and music are important elements to increase the attention level of school-age individuals. In addition, PM may be an important factor in increasing attention levels in these individuals.
dc.description.sponsorshipPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [PNURSP2025R145]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2025R145), Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
dc.identifier.doi10.1097/MD.0000000000043219
dc.identifier.issn0025-7974
dc.identifier.issn1536-5964
dc.identifier.issue27
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-5488-3158
dc.identifier.pmid40629592
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105010175962
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000043219
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/109159
dc.identifier.volume104
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001523448100044
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherLippincott Williams & Wilkins
dc.relation.ispartofMedicine
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectaerobic exercise
dc.subjectattention
dc.subjectmusic
dc.subjectyoga exercise
dc.titleImmediate effect of exercise and music on attention among school-age youth: A comprehensive experimental study
dc.typeArticle

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