Sühreverdî felsefesinde nefs ve idrak ilişkisi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
"Sühreverdî Felsefesinde Nefs ve İdrak İlişkisi" konulu çalışmada Sühreverdî'nin nefs ve idrak görüşleri ele alınmıştır. Nefs ve idrak konusu, Sühreverdî'nin nur teorisiyle şekillendirdiği felsefesinin temel kavramlarındandır. Sühreverdî'nin nefs ve idrak teorisi; nur, nefs, akıl ve beden çerçevesinde fizik ile metafizik arasında bağlantı kurularak şekillenmiştir. Filozof; nefsi yönetici nur, aklı soyut nur, bedeni ise cisim olarak değerlendirmiştir. Nefs ve nefsin bir kuvvesi olan aklı ulvî âlemlere, bedeni ise suflî dünyaya teşmil etmiştir. Bu bağlamda nefsin ezelî olmamakla birlikte ebedî olduğunu fakat bedenin ölümlü olduğunu savunur. İdrak düşüncesinin temeline nefsi koyan filozof, nefsten bağımsız bir idrakin meydana gelemeyeceğini savunur. Dış dünya ile iletişim kurulmasını sağlayan dış idrak güçlerinin işlevleriyle şeylerin özellikleri idrak edilir. Bu idrak etme biçimi sadece madde âlemiyle ilgili olsa da bu duyular ile elde edilen bilgiler gayri maddî alan olan nefs âlemine taşınır. Sevgi-nefret, faydalı-zararlı, iyi-kötü, güzel-çirkin, hoş-nahoş gibi hükümleri ise iç idrak güçleriyle idrak eden insan, kabul veya ret eylemlerini de yine iç idrak güçleri vasıtasıyla uygular, bu iç idrak güçlerinin de temelinde nefs mevcuttur. Çalışmada filozofun, nefsin mahiyeti, türleri, nefs beden ilişkisi, nefsin hudusu ve nefsin bekası hakkındaki görüşleri araştırılmış nefsin bekasına bağlı olarak tenasüh konusundaki görüşlerine değinilmiştir. Nefsin yönetimi altında olan idrakin mahiyeti, nefs ve idrak ilişkisi, idrak etmede nefsin iç ve dış idrak güçleri üzerindeki etkisi filozofun perspektifinden bakılarak ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca sezgisel ve aklî idrak etme türlerinin incelenmesi de idrak konusuna bağlı olarak ele alınmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Sühreverdî, İşrâkîlik, Nefs, İdrak, Nur, Sezgi.
Suhrawardi's views of nafs and cognition are discussed in the study on "The Relationship Between Soul and Cognition in Suhrawardi's Philosophy". The subject of soul and cognition is one of the basic concepts of Suhrawardi's philosophy, which he shaped with the theory of light. Suhrawardi's theory of soul and cognition; It has been shaped by establishing a connection between physics and metaphysics within the framework of light, soul, mind and body. Philosopher; The nafs ruler is light, the mind is an abstract light, and the body is a body. It has extended the mind, which is a force of the nafs and the nafs, to the sublime realms, and the body to the sufi world. In this context, he argues that the soul is eternal, although not eternal, but the body is mortal. The philosopher, who puts the nafs on the basis of the idea of cognition, argues that a cognition independent of the nafs cannot occur. The properties of things are perceived by the functions of external powers of perception that enable communication with the world. Although this way of understanding is only related to the material realm, the information obtained with these senses is transferred to the nafs realm, which is the immaterial realm. People who perceive the provisions such as love-hate, beneficial-harmful, good-bad, beautiful-ugly, pleasant-unpleasant, with their inner cognitive powers, also perform acts of acceptance or rejection through their inner cognitive powers, and the soul is at the root of these inner powers of understanding. In the study, the philosopher's views on the nature of the soul, its types, the relationship between the soul and the body, the boundary of the soul and the permanence of the soul have been researched, and his views on reincarnation depending on the permanence of the soul have been mentioned. The nature of the cognition under the control of the nafs, the relationship between nafs and cognition, and the effect of the nafs on the inner and outer cognition powers in cognition are revealed from the perspective of the philosopher. In addition, the examination of the types of intuitive and mental cognition is also discussed depending on the subject of cognition. Keywords: Suhrawardi, Illumination, Soul, Understanding, Light, Intuition.
Suhrawardi's views of nafs and cognition are discussed in the study on "The Relationship Between Soul and Cognition in Suhrawardi's Philosophy". The subject of soul and cognition is one of the basic concepts of Suhrawardi's philosophy, which he shaped with the theory of light. Suhrawardi's theory of soul and cognition; It has been shaped by establishing a connection between physics and metaphysics within the framework of light, soul, mind and body. Philosopher; The nafs ruler is light, the mind is an abstract light, and the body is a body. It has extended the mind, which is a force of the nafs and the nafs, to the sublime realms, and the body to the sufi world. In this context, he argues that the soul is eternal, although not eternal, but the body is mortal. The philosopher, who puts the nafs on the basis of the idea of cognition, argues that a cognition independent of the nafs cannot occur. The properties of things are perceived by the functions of external powers of perception that enable communication with the world. Although this way of understanding is only related to the material realm, the information obtained with these senses is transferred to the nafs realm, which is the immaterial realm. People who perceive the provisions such as love-hate, beneficial-harmful, good-bad, beautiful-ugly, pleasant-unpleasant, with their inner cognitive powers, also perform acts of acceptance or rejection through their inner cognitive powers, and the soul is at the root of these inner powers of understanding. In the study, the philosopher's views on the nature of the soul, its types, the relationship between the soul and the body, the boundary of the soul and the permanence of the soul have been researched, and his views on reincarnation depending on the permanence of the soul have been mentioned. The nature of the cognition under the control of the nafs, the relationship between nafs and cognition, and the effect of the nafs on the inner and outer cognition powers in cognition are revealed from the perspective of the philosopher. In addition, the examination of the types of intuitive and mental cognition is also discussed depending on the subject of cognition. Keywords: Suhrawardi, Illumination, Soul, Understanding, Light, Intuition.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Felsefe, Philosophy
