Tarihi yığma bir minarenin sismik performans analizi: Vaiz Baba Sunullah Melik Cami minaresi örneği
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Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Tarihimizi oluşturan yapıların korunması ve bizden sonraki nesillere aktarılması deprem bölgesi olan ülkemizde ve Malatya özelinde çok önemli olup bu yapıların sismik performans analizlerinin yapılması ve değerlendirilmesi gereklidir. Malatyada önce 24 Ocak 2020 Elâzığ-Sivrice ve daha sonra 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş depremlerinin oluşması, tarihi yapıların mevcut sismik performansının belirlenmesini zorunlu kılmıştır. Çünkü olası bir deprem durumunda tarihi eserlerin daha büyük hasar almasına, can ve mal kaybına yol açabilir. Oluşabilecek hasarın minimuma indirilebilmesi, toptan göçmenin önüne geçilebilmesi için yapının mevcut durumundaki sismik performansının bilinmesi, deprem etkisi altındaki eleman davranışının analiz edilebilmesi ve bu çalışmalar sonucunda yapıda oluşması beklenen hasarları öngörmeye çalışarak tespit edilmesi ile uygulanacak güçlendirmeler ve onarımlar tarihi eserlerin ömrü uzatılması sağlanabilir. Bu amaçla Malatya ili Battalgazi ilçesinde yer alan Vaiz Baba Sunullah Melik Camii Minaresi'nin 24 Ocak 2020 Elâzığ depremi sonrası mevcut durumunun sismik performansı analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışma ile yapının 3 eksenli sonlu elemanlar modeli oluşturulup, hasarsız test yöntemleri ile malzeme karakteristikleri belirlenmiştir. Tarihi minarenin dinamik karakteristiklerinin belirlenmesi için çift eksenli beş adet ivmeölçer ve tek eksenli beş adet ivmeölçer kullanılmıştır. Minarenin sonlu elemanlar modelinde malzeme özellikleri değiştirilerek deneysel frekans ile sayısal frekans arasındaki farklar minimuma indirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sayısal model kalibre edildikten sonra, doğrusal olmayan dinamik analiz yapılmıştır. Bu analizler için, 24 Ocak 2020 Sivrice-Elazığ, 23 Kasım 2011 Van-Edremit ve 1 Mayıs 2003 Bingöl ve depremlerinin ivme kayıtları kullanılarak tarihi minarenin mescidden ayrılmadan önceki hali ile ayrıldıktan sonraki halini temsil eden iki farklı mesnet durumu göz önüne alınarak doğrusal olmayan analizleri yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları ile 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş depremleri sonrası oluşan hasarlar karşılaştırılmıştır.
Preserving the structures that make up our history and transferring them to next generations is very important, especially in Malatya, which is an earthquake zone, and it is important to conduct and evaluate the seismic performance of these structures. The impact of the January 24, 2020 Elâzığ-Sivrice earthquake on Malatya, as well as the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake, made it necessary to determine the current seismic performance of historical monuments. A potential earthquake could have a significant harmful effect on historical monuments, leading to a loss of life and property. In order to minimize the damage that may occur, to prevent wholesale migration, the seismic performance in the current situation should be clear, the element can be analyzed under the effect of the earthquake, and these works can be used to predict the damages expected to break in the structure, to increase the performance with permanent detection and to extend the product life of the repair date. For this purpose, the seismic performance of the Minaret of Vaiz Baba Sunullah Melik Mosque in Battalgazi district of Malatya province was analyzed in its current state after the January 24, 2020 Elâzığ earthquake. In this study, a 3-axis finite element model of the structure was created and its material characteristics were determined using non-destructive testing methods. We used five biaxial accelerometers and five uniaxial accelerometers to determine the dynamic characteristics of the historical minaret. We tried to minimize the differences between the experimental frequency and the numerical frequency in the finite element model of the minaret by changing the material properties as low as 5%. We performed a nonlinear dynamic analysis after calibrating the numerical model. For these analyses, non-linear analyzes were performed by using the earthquake acceleration records of 24 January 2020 Sivrice-Elazığ, 23 November 2011 Van-Edremit and 1 May 2003 Bingöl earthquake, considering two different support situations representing the state of the historical minaret before and after leaving the masjid. We compare the results of the analyses with the damages caused by the earthquakes on February 6, 2023, in Kahramanmaraş.
Preserving the structures that make up our history and transferring them to next generations is very important, especially in Malatya, which is an earthquake zone, and it is important to conduct and evaluate the seismic performance of these structures. The impact of the January 24, 2020 Elâzığ-Sivrice earthquake on Malatya, as well as the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake, made it necessary to determine the current seismic performance of historical monuments. A potential earthquake could have a significant harmful effect on historical monuments, leading to a loss of life and property. In order to minimize the damage that may occur, to prevent wholesale migration, the seismic performance in the current situation should be clear, the element can be analyzed under the effect of the earthquake, and these works can be used to predict the damages expected to break in the structure, to increase the performance with permanent detection and to extend the product life of the repair date. For this purpose, the seismic performance of the Minaret of Vaiz Baba Sunullah Melik Mosque in Battalgazi district of Malatya province was analyzed in its current state after the January 24, 2020 Elâzığ earthquake. In this study, a 3-axis finite element model of the structure was created and its material characteristics were determined using non-destructive testing methods. We used five biaxial accelerometers and five uniaxial accelerometers to determine the dynamic characteristics of the historical minaret. We tried to minimize the differences between the experimental frequency and the numerical frequency in the finite element model of the minaret by changing the material properties as low as 5%. We performed a nonlinear dynamic analysis after calibrating the numerical model. For these analyses, non-linear analyzes were performed by using the earthquake acceleration records of 24 January 2020 Sivrice-Elazığ, 23 November 2011 Van-Edremit and 1 May 2003 Bingöl earthquake, considering two different support situations representing the state of the historical minaret before and after leaving the masjid. We compare the results of the analyses with the damages caused by the earthquakes on February 6, 2023, in Kahramanmaraş.
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İnşaat Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Deprem Mühendisliği, Earthquake Engineering
