Said Halim Paşa'nın toplum ve din anlayışı
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2026
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun son döneminde tecrübe ettiği ve Said Halim Paşa tarafından buhran olarak kavramsallaştırılan varoluşsal krizi, Paşa'nın entelektüel çözüm önerisi olan İslamlaşmak tezi ekseninde, modern din sosyolojisinin teorik ve kavramsal çerçevesiyle analiz etmektedir. Paşa, imparatorluğun krizini salt siyasi, askeri veya ekonomik bir gerileme olarak okuyan dönemin yaygın analizlerinden ayrılarak, sorunu medeniyetin kurucu ilkelerinden ve toplumsal bağlarından kopuş olarak tanımlayan derinlikli bir teşhis ortaya koymuştur. Ona göre buhranın temel nedeni, Batı'nın kurumsal ve ahlaki yapısının körü körüne taklit edilmesi sonucunda İslam toplumunun organik bütünlüğünü sağlayan inanç, ahlak, toplum ve siyaset arasındaki hiyerarşik bağın kopması ve bunun neticesinde ortaya çıkan toplumsal anomidir. Paşa'nın İslamlaşmak projesi, ideolojik bir slogan veya siyasi bir refleksten ziyade, İslam'ın özüne dönüşü esas alan, ahlak ve hikmet merkezli bir ıslah anlayışını temsil eder. Bu proje, İslam'ı yalnızca bir inanç sistemi değil, aynı zamanda toplumun maddi ve manevi tüm yapısını kuşatan organik bir hayat nizamı olarak konumlandırır. Bu bağlamda Paşa, Batı'nın materyalist modernleşme paradigmasına karşı, İslam'ın kendi rasyonalitesine dayalı bir ilerleme modeli sunar. Araştırma, Paşa'nın düşünsel sistemini Émile Durkheim'ın anomi ve toplumsal dayanışma, Max Weber'in rasyonelleşme gibi klasik sosyoloji kavramlarıyla diyalog içinde okumayı hedeflemektedir. Bu suretle, Paşa'nın sadece bir siyasetçi veya İslamcı düşünür değil, aynı zamanda Batı-dışı modernleşme tecrübesine özgün bir sosyolojik model sunan ve İslam Sosyolojisi disiplininin temellerini atan bir mütefekkir olduğu tezi işlenmektedir. Çalışma, Paşa'nın entelektüel mirasının, din-toplum ilişkisi ve modernleşme tartışmaları için güncelliğini koruyan yerel ve otantik bir perspektif sunduğunu ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
This study examines the intellectual solution project developed by Said Halim Pasha, one of the last thinkers and grand viziers of the Ottoman Empire, in response to the profound civilisational crisis experienced by the empire in the nineteenth century, from the perspective of the sociology of religion. Contrary to superficial approaches that interpreted the crisis as merely a political, military, or economic decline, the Pasha diagnosed a profound 'crisis' defined as a civilisation losing its founding principles and social bonds. According to him, the main reason was that Muslims had detached themselves from their own civilisational dynamics and unconditionally surrendered to the institutional systems of the West. This detachment led society into a state of 'anomie,' characterised by lawlessness, meaninglessness, and directionlessness. In this context, Pasha's thesis of 'Islamisation' is not merely a religious orientation; it is a comprehensive civilisation project that aims at a moral revival, a social awakening and a political reconstruction based on the fundamental principles of Islam. Paşa's ideas are subjected to a comparative reading with the fundamental concepts of sociologists such as Émile Durkheim, Max Weber, and Peter L. Berger, such as 'anomie,' 'rationalisation,' and 'sacred umbrella.' It argues that Pasha viewed religion as a 'sacred umbrella' protecting social order against chaos and anomie, and that the Westernisation project pierced this umbrella, plunging society into a crisis of legitimacy and meaning. Pasha's critiques of the social structure caught between "Mukallitlik" and "Taassup" and his proposed ideal society model based on "Tesanüt" as an alternative to this duality are examined as his original interpretation of Durkheim's concept of 'social solidarity.' The aim is to position Said Halim Pasha not only as a statesman or Islamic thinker, but also as a sociologist who offered a unique sociological model of non-Western modernisation and laid the foundations of the discipline of "Islamic Sociology".
This study examines the intellectual solution project developed by Said Halim Pasha, one of the last thinkers and grand viziers of the Ottoman Empire, in response to the profound civilisational crisis experienced by the empire in the nineteenth century, from the perspective of the sociology of religion. Contrary to superficial approaches that interpreted the crisis as merely a political, military, or economic decline, the Pasha diagnosed a profound 'crisis' defined as a civilisation losing its founding principles and social bonds. According to him, the main reason was that Muslims had detached themselves from their own civilisational dynamics and unconditionally surrendered to the institutional systems of the West. This detachment led society into a state of 'anomie,' characterised by lawlessness, meaninglessness, and directionlessness. In this context, Pasha's thesis of 'Islamisation' is not merely a religious orientation; it is a comprehensive civilisation project that aims at a moral revival, a social awakening and a political reconstruction based on the fundamental principles of Islam. Paşa's ideas are subjected to a comparative reading with the fundamental concepts of sociologists such as Émile Durkheim, Max Weber, and Peter L. Berger, such as 'anomie,' 'rationalisation,' and 'sacred umbrella.' It argues that Pasha viewed religion as a 'sacred umbrella' protecting social order against chaos and anomie, and that the Westernisation project pierced this umbrella, plunging society into a crisis of legitimacy and meaning. Pasha's critiques of the social structure caught between "Mukallitlik" and "Taassup" and his proposed ideal society model based on "Tesanüt" as an alternative to this duality are examined as his original interpretation of Durkheim's concept of 'social solidarity.' The aim is to position Said Halim Pasha not only as a statesman or Islamic thinker, but also as a sociologist who offered a unique sociological model of non-Western modernisation and laid the foundations of the discipline of "Islamic Sociology".
Açıklama
10.08.2026 tarihine kadar kullanımı yazar tarafından kısıtlanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Din, Religion, Sosyoloji
