Şeyhülislam Yahya Divanı'ndaki inşa (emir, istifham, temenni, nida) ifadelerinin belagat ilmine göre incelenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Klasik Türk şiiri yaklaşık altı asır hüküm süren Osmanlı Devleti döneminde hem nicelik hem nitelik bakımından büyük öneme sahip eserler vermiştir. Buna Karahanlı ve Selçuklu dönemlerindeki edebiyat eserlerini ve hatta köken itibariyle Arapça ve Farsça edebî ürünleri de eklersek klasik edebiyatın ömrünün uzunluğu daha iyi anlaşılacaktır. Mensur türlerin ve eserlerin de azımsanmayacak kadar çok olmasına karşın klasik edebiyat denildiğinde akla ilk olarak manzum eserler gelmektedir. Hem sayı hem nitelik açısından klasik edebiyat şiir ile özdeşleşmiştir. Bu durum da dikkate alınarak çalışmada şiir türü tercih edilmiştir. Şiirde de Sebk-i Hindî gibi lafız ve anlam düzleminde daha farklı tasarrufların yapıldığı ve belirli bir zaman hükmünü icra eden farklı üslup temsilcilerinden birinin divanı yerine inşa ifadelerini daha açık gösterebilmek için klasik üslubun önemli temsilcilerinden Şeyhülislam Yahya'nın (öl. 1644) divanı tercih edilmiştir. Bunda şairin fasih İstanbul Türkçesi ile yazması ve divanının meani ilmi uygulamalarını göstermek açısından daha elverişli olması da etkili olmuştur. Çalışma; inşa ifadelerinin anlam tespiti/takdiri ve kullanım/üslup/işlev çerçevesinde yorumlanması şeklinde iki temel noktaya odaklanmaktadır. Bu çerçevede divandaki inşa ifadeleri yani emir ve nehiy, istifham, temenni-istek, nida ifadeleri tek tek tespit edilip hangi anlamlarda kullanıldığı, şiirselliğe ve üsluba katkısı klasik şiirin mahiyeti ve kavramlarıyla mutabık bir şekilde ele alınmıştır. Şiirde bu ifadeler çoğu kez ilk/hakiki anlamlarıyla değil, ikincil/mecazi anlamlarıyla kullanılmıştır. Bu anlamların tespitinin öznel ve kişinin edebiyat zevkine dayanan bir yönü olduğu muhakkaktır. Şiir dili, klasik şiir geleneği (tipler, mazmun sistemi ve hayal dünyası), üzerinde çalışılan divan, örneklerin geçtiği şiirler ve en nihayetinde örnek olarak alınan beyitler/bentler bir bağlam olarak kabul edilerek çalışmadaki tüm tespit ve yorumlar bu temeller üzerinde yapılmaya çalışılmış ve konunun mümkün mertebe nesnelleştirilmesine gayret edilmiştir.
Classical Turkish poetry made significant contributions to Turkish literature in terms of quantity and quality during the Ottoman Empire's almost six-century reign. When we consider literary works from the Karakhanid and Seljuk periods, as well as Arabic and Persian writings, the longevity of classical literature becomes clearer. Despite the fact that there are various prose genres and works in classical literature, poetic works spring to mind first. In terms of quantity and quality, classical literature has become synonymous with poetry. Considering this situation, poetry was preferred as the literary genre in our thesis. In poetry, to demonstrate the subjunctive expressions more clearly the diwan of Şeyhülislam Yahya (died 1644), one of the best representatives of the classical style, has been favored over the diwan of one of the representatives of different styles, such as Sebk-i Hindi (Indian style), in which different practices are seen in terms of wording and meaning and which perform a certain time rule. The poet's ability to write in fluent Istanbul Turkish and the fact that his diwan was more convenient in terms of depicting the science of Maani practices also exerted an influence on our decision. This thesis focuses on two main points, which are subjunctive expressions' meaning determination/appreciation and their interpretation within the framework of usage/style/function. In this framework, the imperative, interrogative (rhetorical questions), optative, and exclamation structures in the diwan were determined one by one, and the meanings in which they were used, as well as their contribution to poetry (lyrism) and style, were discussed in accordance with the nature and concepts of classical poetry. In poetry, these expressions are often used not with their basic meanings, but with their secondary/figurative meanings. It is certain that the determination of these meanings is subjective and based on one's literary sense. Poetry language, classical poetry tradition (types, proposition system and imaginary world), the diwan studied, the poems in which examples and finally the couplets/cantos taken as examples were accepted as a context and all determinations and interpretations in the study were tried to be made on these foundations and the subject has been tried to be handled as objectively as possible.
Classical Turkish poetry made significant contributions to Turkish literature in terms of quantity and quality during the Ottoman Empire's almost six-century reign. When we consider literary works from the Karakhanid and Seljuk periods, as well as Arabic and Persian writings, the longevity of classical literature becomes clearer. Despite the fact that there are various prose genres and works in classical literature, poetic works spring to mind first. In terms of quantity and quality, classical literature has become synonymous with poetry. Considering this situation, poetry was preferred as the literary genre in our thesis. In poetry, to demonstrate the subjunctive expressions more clearly the diwan of Şeyhülislam Yahya (died 1644), one of the best representatives of the classical style, has been favored over the diwan of one of the representatives of different styles, such as Sebk-i Hindi (Indian style), in which different practices are seen in terms of wording and meaning and which perform a certain time rule. The poet's ability to write in fluent Istanbul Turkish and the fact that his diwan was more convenient in terms of depicting the science of Maani practices also exerted an influence on our decision. This thesis focuses on two main points, which are subjunctive expressions' meaning determination/appreciation and their interpretation within the framework of usage/style/function. In this framework, the imperative, interrogative (rhetorical questions), optative, and exclamation structures in the diwan were determined one by one, and the meanings in which they were used, as well as their contribution to poetry (lyrism) and style, were discussed in accordance with the nature and concepts of classical poetry. In poetry, these expressions are often used not with their basic meanings, but with their secondary/figurative meanings. It is certain that the determination of these meanings is subjective and based on one's literary sense. Poetry language, classical poetry tradition (types, proposition system and imaginary world), the diwan studied, the poems in which examples and finally the couplets/cantos taken as examples were accepted as a context and all determinations and interpretations in the study were tried to be made on these foundations and the subject has been tried to be handled as objectively as possible.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Klasik Türk edebiyatı, Eski Türk edebiyatı, Şeyhülislam Yahya Efendi, Classical Turkish literature
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Uyan, Ö. (2022). Şeyhülislam Yahya Divanı'ndaki inşa (emir, istifham, temenni, nida) ifadelerinin belagat ilmine göre incelenmesi. Yayınlanmış Doktora Tezi, İnönü Üniversitesi.
